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Isovitexin
Isovitexin (or homovitexin, saponaretin) is a flavone. the apigenin-6-''C''-glucoside. In this case, the prefix 'iso' does not imply an isoflavonoid (the position of the B-ring on the C-ring), but the position of the glucoside on the flavone. Natural occurrence It can be found in the passion flower, Cannabis, oat and the açaí palm."Pharmacological studies of Passiflora sp. and their bioactive compounds" Metabolism * Isovitexin beta-glucosyltransferase Glycosides Saponarin is the isovitexin-7-O-glucoside. See also * Vitexin, the 8-C-glucoside of apigenin * Isoorientin, the 3'-OH derivative References {{flavone Flavone glucosides C-glycoside natural phenols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isovitexin Beta-glucosyltransferase
In enzymology, an isovitexin beta-glucosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :UDP-glucose + isovitexin \rightleftharpoons UDP + isovitexin 2"-O-beta-D-glucoside Thus, the two substrate (biochemistry), substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and isovitexin, whereas its two product (chemistry), products are uridine diphosphate, UDP and isovitexin 2"-O-beta-D-glucoside. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The List of enzymes, systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:isovitexin 2"-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. This enzyme is also called uridine diphosphoglucose-isovitexin 2"-glucosyltransferase. References * EC 2.4.1 Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.4-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passion Flower
''Passiflora'', known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 550 species of flowering plants, the type genus of the family Passifloraceae. They are mostly tendril-bearing vines, with some being shrubs or trees. They can be woody or herbaceous. Passion flowers produce regular and usually showy flowers with a distinctive corona. There can be as many as eight coronal series, as in the case of ''P. xiikzodz''. The flower is pentamerous and ripens into an indehiscent fruit with numerous seeds. List of species Distribution ''Passiflora'' has a largely neotropic distribution, unlike other genera in the family Passifloraceae, which includes more Old World species (such as the genus ''Adenia''). The vast majority of ''Passiflora'' are found in Mexico, Central America, the United States and South America, although there are additional representatives in Southeast Asia and Oceania. New species continue to be identified: for example, '' P. xishuangbannaensis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Açaí Palm
The açaí palm (, , from Nheengatu ''asai''), ''Euterpe oleracea,'' is a species of palm tree (Arecaceae) cultivated for its fruit (açaí berries, or simply açaí), hearts of palm (a vegetable), leaves, and trunk wood. Global demand for the fruit has expanded rapidly in the 21st century, and the tree is cultivated for that purpose primarily. The species is native to eastern Amazonia, especially in Brazil, mainly in swamps and floodplains. Açaí palms are tall, slender trees growing to more than tall, with pinnate leaves up to long. The fruit is small, round, and black-purple in color. The fruit became a staple food in floodplain areas around the 18th century, but its consumption in urban areas and promotion as a health food only began in the mid 1990s along with the popularization of other Amazonian fruits outside the region. Name The common name comes from the Portuguese adaptation of the Tupian word ', meaning "ruit thatcries or expels water". The importance of the fru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavone
Flavone is an organic compound with the formula . A white solid, flavone is a derivative of chromone with a phenyl (Ph) substituent adjacent to the ether group. The compound is of little direct practical importance, but susbstituted derivatives, the flavones and flavonoids are a large class of nutritionally important natural products. Flavone can be prepared in the laboratory by cyclization of 2-hydroxacetophenone. Isomeric with flavone is isoflavone, where the phenyl group is adjacent to the ketone In organic chemistry, a ketone is a functional group with the structure R–C(=O)–R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group –C(=O)– (which contains a carbon-oxygen double bo .... References {{Flavones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apigenin
Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), found in many plants, is a natural product belonging to the flavone class that is the aglycone of several naturally occurring glycosides. It is a yellow crystalline solid that has been used to dye wool. Sources in nature Apigenin is found in many fruits and vegetables, but parsley, celery, celeriac, and chamomile tea are the most common sources. Apigenin is particularly abundant in the flowers of chamomile plants, constituting 68% of total flavonoids. Dried parsley can contain about 45 mg apigenin/gram of the herb, and dried chamomile flower about 3-5 mg/gram. The apigenin content of fresh parsley is reportedly 215.5 mg/100 grams, which is much higher than the next highest food source, green celery hearts providing 19.1 mg/100 grams. Biosynthesis Apigenin is biosynthetically derived from the general phenylpropanoid pathway and the flavone synthesis pathway. The phenylpropanoid pathway starts from the aromatic a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolysed by purely chemical means, or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes. The name was originally given to plant products of this nature, in which the other part of the molecule was, in the greater number of cases, an aromatic aldehydic or phenolic compound (exceptions are Jinigrin and Jalapin or Scammonin). It has now been extended to include synthetic ethers, such as those obtained by acting on alcoholic glucose solutions with hydrochloric acid, and also the polysaccharoses, e.g. cane sugar, which appear to be ethers also. Although glucose is the most common sugar present in glucosides, many are known which yield rhamnose or iso-dulcite; these may be termed pentosides. Much attention has been given to the non-sugar parts (aglyca) of the molecules; the constitutions of many have been determined, and the compounds synthesi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isoflavonoid
Isoflavonoids are a class of flavonoid phenolic compounds, many of which are biologically active. Isoflavonoids and their derivatives are sometimes referred to as phytoestrogens, as many isoflavonoid compounds have biological effects via the estrogen receptor. Medically, isoflavonoids and related compounds have been used in many dietary supplements but the medical and scientific community is generally skeptical of their use. Recently, some natural isoflavonoids have been identified as toxins, including biliatresone which may cause biliary atresia when infants are exposed to the plant product. The isoflavonoid group is broad, and includes many structurally similar groups, including: * isoflavones * isoflavanones * isoflavans * pterocarpans * rotenoids Isoflavonoids are derived from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway via liquiritigenin or naringenin. Chemical makeup While flavonoids (in the narrow sense) have the 2-phenylchromen-4-one backbone, isoflavonoids have the 3-phenyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saponarin
Saponarin is a flavone glucoside. It is found in ''Saponaria officinalis'' and in ''Strongylodon macrobotrys'' where it imparts the characteristic jade color to the flower. This coloration has been shown to be an example of copigmentation, a result of the presence of malvin (an anthocyanin) and saponarin in the ratio 1:9. Under the alkaline conditions ( pH 7.9) found in the sap of the epidermal cells, this combination produced a blue-green pigmentation; the pH of the colorless inner floral tissue was found to be lower, at pH 5.6. Experiments showed that saponarin produced a strong yellow colouring in slightly alkaline conditions, resulting in the greenish tone of the flower.Greenish blue flower colour of Strongylodon macrobotrys. Kosaku Takeda, Aki Fujii, Yohko Senda and Tsukasa Iwashina, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 38, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 630–633, It is also found in passion flowers (''Passiflora ''Passiflora'', known also as the passion fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitexin
Vitexin is an apigenin flavone glucoside, a chemical compound found in the passion flower, ''Vitex agnus-castus'' (chaste tree or chasteberry), in the ''Phyllostachys nigra'' bamboo leaves, in the pearl millet (Pennisetum millet), and in Hawthorn. Metabolism Goitrogenicity of millet flavones : Vitexin inhibits thyroid peroxidase thus contributing to goiter. * Vitexin beta-glucosyltransferase * Vitexin 2"-O-rhamnoside 7-O-methyltransferase See also * Isovitexin (or homovitexin, saponaretin) is the apigenin-6-''C''-glucoside. * Orientin Orientin is a flavone, a chemical flavonoid-like compound. It is the 8-C glucoside of luteolin. Natural occurrences Orientin is found in ''Adonis vernalis'', in '' Anadenanthera colubrina'' and ''Anadenanthera peregrina'', and in the '' Phyllost ..., the 3'-OH derivative References External links Vitexin on RDchemicals.com {{flavone Flavone glucosides C-glycoside natural phenols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isoorientin
Isoorientin (or homoorientin) is a flavone, a chemical flavonoid-like compound. It is the luteolin-6-C-glucoside. Bioassay-directed fractionation techniques led to isolation of isoorientin as the main hypoglycaemic component in ''Gentiana olivieri''. Studies also showed that isoorientin is a potential neuroprotective compound against Alzheimer's disease. Natural occurrences Isoorientin can be isolated from the passion flower, ''Vitex negundo'', ''Terminalia myriocarpa'', the Açaí palm and '' Swertia japonica''. Metabolism * Isoorientin 3'-O-methyltransferase See also * Orientin, the 8-C glucoside of luteolin Luteolin is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, with a yellow crystalline appearance. Luteolin is the principal yellow dye compound that is obtained from the plant ''Reseda luteola'', which has been used as a source of the dye since at least the fir .... References Flavone glucosides C-glycoside natural phenols {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavone Glucosides
Flavone is an organic compound with the formula . A white solid, flavone is a derivative of chromone with a phenyl (Ph) substituent adjacent to the ether group. The compound is of little direct practical importance, but susbstituted derivatives, the flavones and flavonoids are a large class of nutritionally important natural products. Flavone can be prepared in the laboratory by cyclization of 2-hydroxacetophenone. Isomeric with flavone is isoflavone, where the phenyl group is adjacent to the ketone In organic chemistry, a ketone is a functional group with the structure R–C(=O)–R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group –C(=O)– (which contains a carbon-oxygen double bo .... References {{Flavones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
