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Irma Ingertha Gram
Irma Ingertha Gram (née Schram; 21 December 1873 – 22 November 1945) was a Norwegian art historian. Personal life She was born in Kristiania as a daughter of Thomas Andreas Schram (1835–1890) and Mathilde Just (1850–1901). She was a sister of businessperson Jacob Schram and physician Thomas Schram, and thus sister-in-law of Constance Wiel Schram. In September 1907 she married physician Harald Mathias "Mads" Gram, a son of Jens Gram and maternal grandson of P. A. Munch. Her older sister Elisabeth had already married Mads' brother Johan Fredrik Gram. Mads and Irma's son Peder "Per" Gram became a barrister and married alpine skier Johanne "Hannemor" Dybwad, a daughter of Niels Juell Dybwad and granddaughter of Johanne Dybwad. They had the daughter Kari Garmann. Career As an art historian, Gram published books on ancient bobbin lace; ''De gamle kniplingers historie'' (1921), and a book on etiquette; ''Litt om skikk og bruk før og nu'' (1929). She was employed at the No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oslo
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of in 2019, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of in 2021. During the Viking Age the area was part of Viken. Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established as a ''kaupstad'' or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. The city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in honour of the king. It became a municipality ('' formannskapsdistrikt'') on 1 January 1838. The city fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johanne Dybwad
Johanne Dybwad (née Juell; 2 August 1867 – 4 March 1950) was a Norwegian stage actress and stage producer. She was the leading actress in Norwegian theatre for half a century. Early and personal life Johanne was born in Christiania (now Oslo) as the daughter of actor Mathias Juell (1835–1894) and actress Johanne Regine Elvig (1847–1882). Both her parents were acting for the Christiania Theatre. Her mother was the first Norwegian to play "Nora" in Ibsen's ''A Doll's House'', in 1880. Her mother died in 1882, only 34 years old, and Johanne grew up with her aunt in Bergen. Her foster parents wanted to keep her away from the theatre, but she wanted to become an actress. Career Actress Johanne made her debut at Den Nationale Scene in Bergen 7 November 1887, in the comedy play ''Gertrude eller den lille skat''. Her next role was "Nora" in ''A Doll's House''. She had her breakthrough as "Fanchon" in Birch-Pfeiffer's play ''En liden Hex'', first in Bergen, and la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 Deaths
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which Nuclear weapon, nuclear weapons Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: ** Nazi Germany, Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allies of World War II, Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary from the Russians. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army (Wehrmacht), German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussian Offensive, to eliminate German forces in East Pruss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1873 Births
Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the United States Army. * February 11 – The Spanish Cortes deposes King Amadeus I, and proclaims the First Spanish Republic. * February 12 ** Emilio Castelar, the former foreign minister, becomes prime minister of the new Spanish Republic. ** The Coinage Act of 1873 in the United States is signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant; coming into effect on April 1, it ends bimetallism in the U.S., and places the country on the gold standard. * February 20 ** The University of California opens its first medical school in San Francisco. ** British naval officer John Moresby discovers the site of Port Moresby, and claims the land for Britain. * March 3 – Censorship: The United States Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
NRK, an abbreviation of the Norwegian ''Norsk Rikskringkasting AS'', generally expressed in English as the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, is the Norwegian government-owned radio and television public broadcasting company, and the largest media organisation in Norway. All other TV channels, broadcast from Norway, were banned between 1960 and 1981. NRK broadcasts three national TV channels and thirteen national radio channels on digital terrestrial television, digital terrestrial radio and subscription television. All NRK radio stations are streamed online at NRK.no, which also offers an extensive TV service. NRK is a founding member of the European Broadcasting Union. Financing Until the start of 2020, about 94% of NRK's funding came from a mandatory annual licence fee payable by anyone who owns or uses a TV or device capable of receiving TV broadcasts. The remainder came from commercial activities such as programme and DVD sales, spin-off products, and certain types of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine De' Medici
Catherine de' Medici ( it, Caterina de' Medici, ; french: Catherine de Médicis, ; 13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589) was an Florentine noblewoman born into the Medici family. She was Queen of France from 1547 to 1559 by marriage to King Henry II and the mother of French Kings Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III. The years during which her sons reigned have been called "the age of Catherine de' Medici" since she had extensive, if at times varying, influence in the political life of France. Catherine was born in Florence to Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne. In 1533, at the age of 14, Catherine married Henry, the second son of King Francis I and Queen Claude of France. Catherine's marriage was arranged by her uncle Pope Clement VII. Henry excluded Catherine from participating in state affairs and instead showered favours on his chief mistress, Diane de Poitiers, who wielded much influence over him. Henry's death in 1559 thrust Cath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christina I Of Sweden
Christina ( sv, Kristina, 18 December (New Style) 1626 – 19 April 1689), a member of the House of Vasa, was Monarchy of Sweden, Queen of Sweden in Queen regnant, her own right from 1632 until her abdication in 1654. She succeeded her father Gustavus Adolphus upon his death at the Battle of Lützen (1632), Battle of Lützen in 1632, but began ruling the Swedish Empire when she reached the age of eighteen in 1644. The Swedish queen is remembered as one of the most learned women of the 17th century. She was fond of books, manuscripts, paintings, and sculptures. With her interest in religion, philosophy, mathematics, and alchemy, she attracted many scientists to Stockholm, wanting the city to become the "Athens of the North". The Peace of Westphalia allowed her to establish an academy or university when and wherever she wanted. In 1644, she began History of copper currency in Sweden, issuing copper in lumps as large as fifteen kilograms to serve as currency. Christina's financia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Museum Of Cultural History
Norsk Folkemuseum (Norwegian Museum of Cultural History), at Bygdøy, Oslo, Norway, is a museum of cultural history with extensive collections of artifacts from all social groups and all regions of the country. It also incorporates a large open-air museum with more than 150 buildings, relocated from towns and rural districts. The Norwegian Museum of Cultural History is situated on the Bygdøy peninsula near several other museums, including the Viking Ship Museum; the Fram Museum; the Kon-Tiki Museum; and the Norwegian Maritime Museum. History ''Norsk Folkemuseum'' was established in 1894 by librarian and historian Hans Aall (1869–1946). It acquired the core area of its present property in 1898. After having built temporary exhibition buildings and re-erected a number of rural buildings, the museum could open its gates to the public in 1901. In 1907, the collections of King Oscar II, on the neighbouring site, was incorporated into the museum. Its five relocated buildings, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bobbin Lace
Bobbin lace is a lace textile made by braiding and twisting lengths of thread, which are wound on bobbins to manage them. As the work progresses, the weaving is held in place with pins set in a lace pillow, the placement of the pins usually determined by a pattern or pricking pinned on the pillow. Bobbin lace is also known as pillow lace, because it was worked on a pillow, and bone lace, because early bobbins were made of bone or ivory. Bobbin lace is one of the two major categories of handmade laces, the other being needle lace, derived from earlier cutwork and reticella. Origin A will of 1493 by the Milanese Sforza family mentions lace created with twelve bobbins. There are two books that represent the early known pattern descriptions for bobbin lace, ''Le Pompe'' from Venice and ''Nüw Modelbuch'' from Zürich. Bobbin lace evolved from passementerie or braid-making in 16th-century Italy. Genoa was famous for its braids, hence it is not surprising to find bobbin lace de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hvem Er Hvem?
''Hvem er hvem?'' ( en, Who is Who?) was a Norwegian book series, presenting facts about notable persons from Norway. The first edition was issued in 1912, and the 14th edition came in 1994. In the 2008 edition, edited by Knut Olav Åmås, one thousand persons were selected for presentation. About one third of the articles are longer, signed biographies, while the rest have a shorter, more encyclopedic format. Edition history *1912 (First edition, edited by Chr. Brinchmann, Anders Daae and K.V. Hammer). 3,500 biographies. *1930 (2nd edition, edited by Hjalmar Steenstrup). 3,250 biographies, of which 1,750 are new. *1934 (3rd edition, edited by Hjalmar Steenstrup) *1938 (4th edition, edited by Hjalmar Steenstrup) *1948 (5th edition, edited by Harald Gram and Bjørn Steenstrup). *1950 (6th edition, edited by Harald Gram and Bjørn Steenstrup) *1955 (7th edition, edited by Harald Gram and Bjørn Steenstrup) *1959 (8th edition, edited by Harald Gram and Bjørn Steenstrup) *1964 (9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kari Garmann
Kari Garmann (née Gram; born 16 June 1945) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. She was born in Oslo as a daughter of barrister Peder "Per" Gram and alpine skier Johanne "Hannemor" Gram, née Dybwad. Her paternal grandparents were physician Harald Mathias "Mads" Gram and art historian Irma Ingertha Schram. Her maternal grandfather was barrister Nils Juell Dybwad; great-grandparents Vilhelm Dybwad and Johanne Dybwad. She finished her secondary education in 1964 and Oslo Commerce School in 1965. She graduated from the University of Oslo with the cand.polit. degree in 1973. She worked as a consultant in Oslo Municipality from 1972, then from 1976 to 1980 as a secretary for the Oslo Conservative Party's city council group. She was a member of Oslo city council from 1979 to 1987, spending six years as a deputy member of the executive committee. She was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oslo in 1985, and was re-elected as such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niels Juell Dybwad
Niels is a male given name, equivalent to Nicholas, which is common in Denmark, Belgium, Norway (formerly) and the Netherlands. The Norwegian and Swedish variant is Nils. The name is a developed short form of Nicholas or Greek Nicolaos after Saint Nicholas. Its pet form is Nisse, and female variants are Nielsine, Nielsina, and Nielsa. Niels may refer to: People *Niels, King of Denmark (1065–1134) *Niels, Count of Halland (died 1218) *Niels Aagaard (1612–1657), Danish poet *Niels Aall (1769–1854), Norwegian businessman and politician * Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829), Norwegian mathematician * Niels Arestrup (born 1949), French actor * Niels Viggo Bentzon (1919–2000), Danish composer and pianist * Niels Bohr (1885–1962), Danish physicist and Nobel Prize recipient *Niels Busk (born 1942), Danish politician * Niels Ebbesen (died 1340), Danish squire and national hero * Niels Feijen (born 1977), Dutch pool player *Niels Ferguson (born 1965), Dutch cryptographer *Niels Frii ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
