|
Incidence (other)
Incidence may refer to: Economics * Benefit incidence, the availability of a benefit * Expenditure incidence, the effect of government expenditure upon the distribution of private incomes * Fiscal incidence, the economic impact of government taxation and expenditures on the economic income of individuals * Tax incidence, analysis of the effect of a particular tax on the distribution of economic welfare Mathematics * Incidence algebra, associative algebra used in combinatorics, a branch of mathematics * Incidence geometry, the study of relations of incidence between various geometrical objects * Incidence (geometry), the binary relations describing how subsets meet * Incidence (graph), in graph theory, a quality of some vertex-edge pairs * Incidence list, a concept in graph theory * Incidence matrix, a matrix that shows the relationship between two classes of objects * Incidence structure, a feature of combinatorial mathematics * Cumulative incidence, a measure of frequency Other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benefit Incidence
In economics, benefit incidence refers to the availability of a benefit. In the United States, the benefit incidence is calculated by the National Compensation Survey (NCS). See also * Employee benefit * Expenditure incidence * National Compensation Survey * Fiscal incidence * Bureau of Labor Statistics References External links Benefit incidence U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of Information Services Employee Benefits Survey U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of Information Services The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a unit of the United States Department of Labor. It is the principal fact-finding agency for the U.S. government in the broad field of labor economics and statistics and serves as a principal agency of t ... Labour economics indices Employee benefits {{econ-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence Matrix
In mathematics, an incidence matrix is a logical matrix that shows the relationship between two classes of objects, usually called an incidence relation. If the first class is ''X'' and the second is ''Y'', the matrix has one row for each element of ''X'' and one column for each element of ''Y''. The entry in row ''x'' and column ''y'' is 1 if ''x'' and ''y'' are related (called ''incident'' in this context) and 0 if they are not. There are variations; see below. Graph theory Incidence matrix is a common graph representation in graph theory. It is different to an adjacency matrix, which encodes the relation of vertex-vertex pairs. Undirected and directed graphs In graph theory an undirected graph has two kinds of incidence matrices: unoriented and oriented. The ''unoriented incidence matrix'' (or simply ''incidence matrix'') of an undirected graph is a n\times m matrix ''B'', where ''n'' and ''m'' are the numbers of vertices and edges respectively, such that :B_=\left\{\begin{a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence (video Game)
''Incidence'' is a minimalist golfing style game by ScrollView Games. It was released on iOS on March 1, 2017. Gameplay The goal of each level of Incidence is to get a ball into a hole in a set number of shots (4 shots to be precise). The player launches the ball by dragging back (which sets the power and angle of the shot). Once the ball is launched will bounce against the level's walls six times. On the sixth bounce the ball stops ready for the player to hit again. If the player runs out of shots (goes over par), the ball explodes and the player has to start the level over. If the player gets the ball into the hole, the player advances to the next level. As the player progresses the levels get increasingly more difficult to play as new elements such as spikes and bouncy walls are introduced. Reception Incidence received mixed reviews. Gamezebo gave the game 3.5 stars calling it a "beautiful and challenging minimalist action-puzzle game". They praised the game's simplicity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plane Of Incidence
In describing reflection and refraction in optics, the plane of incidence (also called the incidence plane or the meridional plane) is the plane which contains the surface normal and the propagation vector of the incoming radiation. (In wave optics, the latter is the k-vector, or wavevector, of the incoming wave.) When reflection is specular, as it is for a mirror or other shiny surface, the reflected ray also lies in the plane of incidence; when refraction also occurs, the refracted ray lies in the same plane. The condition of co-planarity among incident ray, surface normal, and reflected ray (refracted ray) is known as the first law of reflection (first law of refraction, respectively). Polarizations {{main, Polarization (waves)#s and p{{!''s'' and ''p'' polarizations The orientation of the incident light's polarization with respect to the plane of incidence has an important effect on the strength of the reflection. ''P-polarized'' light is incident linearly polarized light w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence (epidemiology)
In epidemiology, incidence is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time. Although sometimes loosely expressed simply as the number of new cases during some time period, it is better expressed as a proportion or a rate with a denominator. Incidence proportion Incidence proportion (IP), also known as cumulative incidence, is defined as the probability that a particular event, such as occurrence of a particular disease, has occurred before a given time. It is calculated dividing the number of new cases during a given period by the number of subjects at risk in the population initially at risk at the beginning of the study. Where the period of time considered is an entire lifetime, the incidence proportion is called lifetime risk. For example, if a population initially contains 1,000 persons and 28 develop a condition since the disease first occurred until two years later, the cumulative incidence prop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angle Of Incidence (other) , describing the approach of a ray to a surface
{{disambiguation ...
Angle of incidence is a measure of deviation of something from "straight on" and may refer to: * Angle of incidence (aerodynamics), angle between a wing chord and the longitudinal axis, as distinct from angle of attack, which is relative to the airflow * Angle of incidence (optics) The angle of incidence, in geometric optics, is the angle between a ray incident on a surface and the line perpendicular (at 90 degree angle) to the surface at the point of incidence, called the normal. The ray can be formed by any waves, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumulative Incidence
In epidemiology, incidence is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time. Although sometimes loosely expressed simply as the number of new cases during some time period, it is better expressed as a proportion or a rate with a denominator. Incidence proportion Incidence proportion (IP), also known as cumulative incidence, is defined as the probability that a particular event, such as occurrence of a particular disease, has occurred before a given time. It is calculated dividing the number of new cases during a given period by the number of subjects at risk in the population initially at risk at the beginning of the study. Where the period of time considered is an entire lifetime, the incidence proportion is called lifetime risk. For example, if a population initially contains 1,000 persons and 28 develop a condition since the disease first occurred until two years later, the cumulative incidence prop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence Structure
In mathematics, an incidence structure is an abstract system consisting of two types of objects and a single relationship between these types of objects. Consider the points and lines of the Euclidean plane as the two types of objects and ignore all the properties of this geometry except for the relation of which points are on which lines for all points and lines. What is left is the incidence structure of the Euclidean plane. Incidence structures are most often considered in the geometrical context where they are abstracted from, and hence generalize, planes (such as affine, projective, and Möbius planes), but the concept is very broad and not limited to geometric settings. Even in a geometric setting, incidence structures are not limited to just points and lines; higher-dimensional objects (planes, solids, -spaces, conics, etc.) can be used. The study of finite structures is sometimes called finite geometry. Formal definition and terminology An incidence structure is a triple ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence List
Incidence may refer to: Economics * Benefit incidence, the availability of a benefit * Expenditure incidence, the effect of government expenditure upon the distribution of private incomes * Fiscal incidence, the economic impact of government taxation and expenditures on the economic income of individuals * Tax incidence, analysis of the effect of a particular tax on the distribution of economic welfare Mathematics * Incidence algebra, associative algebra used in combinatorics, a branch of mathematics * Incidence geometry, the study of relations of incidence between various geometrical objects * Incidence (geometry), the binary relations describing how subsets meet * Incidence (graph), in graph theory, a quality of some vertex-edge pairs * Incidence list, a concept in graph theory * Incidence matrix, a matrix that shows the relationship between two classes of objects * Incidence structure, a feature of combinatorial mathematics * Cumulative incidence, a measure of frequency Oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expenditure Incidence
Expenditure incidence is the effect of government expenditure upon the distribution of private incomes. This is commonly contrasted with benefit incidence as an approach to planning and measuring the effect of a government spending programme. A pioneering analysis of this was made by the economist Richard Musgrave in his major work, ''The Theory of Public Finance''. Establishing the differential effect of expenditure in this way is difficult because the effect of differing policies upon taxation and overall expenditure must be normalised and it is hard to model and measure the flows of money which result. An analysis will commonly be structured in three stages: #Definition of the government programmes or budgetary expenditures and the corresponding database of monetary values. #Determining the measures of income: the size of economic unit such as the individual, family or community; the timescale of analysis such as annual or lifetime; the well-being and externalities which ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence (graph)
::''An incidence graph is a Levi graph.'' In graph theory, a vertex is incident with an edge Edge or EDGE may refer to: Technology Computing * Edge computing, a network load-balancing system * Edge device, an entry point to a computer network * Adobe Edge, a graphical development application * Microsoft Edge, a web browser developed ... if the vertex is one of the two vertices the edge connects. An incidence is a pair (u, e) where u is a vertex and e is an edge incident with u Two distinct incidences (u,e) and (v,f) are adjacent if either the vertices u,v or the edges e,f are adjacent, which is the case if one of the following holds: *u = v and e \neq f, *e = f and u \neq v, or *e = \, f = \{v,w\}, and u \neq w. An incidence coloring of a graph G is an assignment of a color to each incidence of G in such a way that adjacent incidences get distinct colors. It is equivalent to a strong edge coloring of the graph obtained by subdivising each edge of G once. Reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incidence (geometry)
In geometry, an incidence relation is a heterogeneous relation that captures the idea being expressed when phrases such as "a point ''lies on'' a line" or "a line is ''contained in'' a plane" are used. The most basic incidence relation is that between a point, , and a line, , sometimes denoted . If the pair is called a ''flag''. There are many expressions used in common language to describe incidence (for example, a line ''passes through'' a point, a point ''lies in'' a plane, etc.) but the term "incidence" is preferred because it does not have the additional connotations that these other terms have, and it can be used in a symmetric manner. Statements such as "line intersects line " are also statements about incidence relations, but in this case, it is because this is a shorthand way of saying that "there exists a point that is incident with both line and line ". When one type of object can be thought of as a set of the other type of object (''viz''., a plane is a set of points) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
