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Ivan Lloyd
Ivan Stewart Lloyd (June 6, 1903 – August 2, 1993) was a Jamaican medical practitioner and politician, representing the People's National Party (PNP). He served as Jamaica's first Leader of the Opposition from 1944 to 1949, minister of education and social welfare from 1955 to 1957, minister of home affairs from 1957 to 1959, and was minister of health between 1959 and 1962. Early life and education Ivan Stewart Lloyd was born on June 6, 1903, in Hatfield, Manchester. He was the third son of six sons and two daughters born to Jethro Amaziah Lloyd, educator, and his wife Frances Rose (née Monteith). Lloyd was educated at St. John's College in Kingston, Illinois University, City College of New York, Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and Howard University. Medical career Lloyd returned to Jamaica as a qualified medical practitioner in the early 1930s. He first started working in Kingston, then was later transferred to Claremont in St. Ann as a Government Medical ...
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Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during her lifetime, and was head of state of 15 realms at the time of her death. Her reign of 70 years and 214 days was the longest of any British monarch and the longest verified reign of any female monarch in history. Elizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother). Her father acceded to the throne in 1936 upon the abdication of his brother Edward VIII, making the ten-year-old Princess Elizabeth the heir presumptive. She was educated privately at home and began to undertake public duties during the Second World War, serving in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. In November 1947, she married Philip Mountbatten, a former prince ...
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Universal Adult Suffrage
Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, or political stance, subject only to certain exceptions as in the case of children, felons, and for a time, women.Suffrage
''Encyclopedia Britannica''.
In its original 19th-century usage by in Britain, ''universal suffrage'' was understood to mean only ; the vote was extended to women later, during the

Jamaica Gleaner
''The Gleaner'' is an English-language, morning daily newspaper founded by two brothers, Jacob and Joshua de Cordova on 13 September 1834 in Kingston, Jamaica. Originally called the ''Daily Gleaner'', the name was changed on 7 December 1992 to ''The Gleaner''. The newspaper is owned and published by Gleaner Company publishing house in Kingston, Jamaica., ''The Gleaner'' is considered a newspaper of record for Jamaica. History ''The Gleaner'' is the oldest continuously published newspaper in the Western Hemisphere, and is considered a newspaper of record for Jamaica. The morning broadsheet newspaper is presently published six days each week in Kingston. The Sunday paper edition is called the ''Sunday Gleaner''. The Sunday edition was first published in 1939, and it reaches twice as many readers as the daily paper. The influence, particularly historically, of the newspaper is so large that "Gleaner" has become synonymous in Jamaica for "newspaper". ''The Gleaner'' contains regu ...
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List Of Ministers Of Health Of Jamaica
The following is a list of health ministers of Jamaica since adult suffrage (1944). # Rose Leon (1953–1955) # C. L. A. Stuart (1955–1959) # Ivan Lloyd (1959–1962) # Herbert Eldemire (1962–1972) # Kenneth McNeill (1972–1977) # Douglas Manley (1977–1980) # Kenneth Baugh (1980–1989) # Easton Douglas (1989–1993) # Desmond Leakey (1993–1995) # Peter Phillips (1995–1997) # John Junor (1998–2006) # Horace Dalley (2006–2007) # Rudyard Spencer (2007–2012) # Fenton Ferguson (2012–2015) # Horace Dalley (2015–2016) # Christopher Tufton (2016–present) See also * Cabinet of Jamaica * Ministries and agencies of the Jamaican government References {{DEFAULTSORT:List of Ministers of Health of Jamaica Health Health, according to the World Health Organization, is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".World Health Organization. (2006)''Constitution of the World Health Organiza . ...
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List Of Education Ministers Of Jamaica
The following is a list of education ministers of Jamaica since adult suffrage (1944). # Jehoida McPherson (1945–1949) # Joseph Malcolm (1950–1951) # L. L. Simmonds (1951–1953) # Edwin Allen (1953–1955) # Ivan Lloyd (1955–1957) # Florizel Glasspole (1957–1962) # Edwin Allen (1962–1972) # Florizel Glasspole (1972–1973) # Eli Matalon (1973–1974) # Howard Cooke (1974–1977) # Eric Bell (1977–1978) # Phyllis MacPherson-Russell (1978–1980) # Mavis Gilmour (1980–1986) # Neville Gallimore (1986–1989) # Carlyle Dunkley (1989–1992) # Burchell Whiteman (1992–2002) # Maxine Henry-Wilson (2002–2007) # Andrew Holness (2007–2012) # Ronald Thwaites (2012–2016) # Ruel Reid (2016–2019) # Karl Samuda (2019–2020) # Fayval Williams (2020– ) See also * Cabinet of Jamaica * Ministries and agencies of the Jamaican government References {{DEFAULTSORT:List of Education Ministers of Jamaica Education Education is a purposeful activity direc ...
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Seymour Mullings
Seymour St. Edward "Foggy" Mullings OJ CD (12 May 1931 – 9 October 2013) was a Jamaican politician, who served as Deputy Prime Minister under P. J. Patterson. He was also an accomplished pianist. Career Seymour Mullings attended Jamaica College in St Andrew.Former Deputy PM Seymour Mullings is dead
, '''', 9 October 2013. Retrieved 13 October 2013
He worked as a jazz pianist from the 1940s to the 1960s, playing with the likes of and

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Michael Manley
Michael Norman Manley (10 December 1924 – 6 March 1997) was a Jamaican politician who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Jamaica from 1972 to 1980 and from 1989 to 1992. Manley championed a democratic socialist program, and has been described as a populist. According to opinion polls, he remains one of Jamaica's most popular prime ministers. Early life Michael Manley was the second son of premier Norman Washington Manley and artist Edna Manley. He studied at Jamaica College between 1935 and 1943. He attended the Antigua State College and then served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. In 1945, he enrolled at the London School of Economics. At the LSE, he was influenced by Fabian socialism and the writings of Harold Laski. He graduated in 1949, and returned to Jamaica to serve as an editor and columnist for the newspaper ''Public Opinion''. At about the same time, he became involved in the trade union movement, becoming a negotiator for the National ...
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Saint Ann South Eastern
Saint Ann South Eastern is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Representatives of the Jamaican Parliament. It elects one Member of Parliament MP by the first past the post system of election. The seat is considered a safe seat for the People's National Party. Boundaries The constituency covers the communities of Claremont, Calderwood, Bensonton and Moneague. It is currently represented by former Miss World, Lisa Hanna Lisa Rene Shanti Hanna (born August 20, 1975) is a Jamaican politician and beauty queen who was crowned Miss World 1993, becoming the third Jamaican to win the title. A member of the opposition People's National Party, Hanna currently serves a .... References Parliamentary constituencies of Jamaica {{Jamaica-stub ...
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1959 Jamaican General Election
General elections were held in Jamaica on 28 July 1959. Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p430 The result was a victory for the People's National Party, which won 29 of the 45 seats. Voter turnout was 66.1%. Results References {{Jamaican elections 1959 in Jamaica Elections in Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...
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1955 Jamaican General Election
General elections were held in Jamaica on 12 January 1955. Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p430 The result was a victory for the People's National Party, which won 18 of the 32 seats. Voter turnout was 65.1%. Results References {{Jamaican elections 1955 in Jamaica Elections in Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...
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1949 Jamaican General Election
General elections were held in Jamaica on 20 December 1949.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p430 Although the People's National Party received more votes, the Jamaica Labour Party won a majority of seats. Voter turnout was 65.2%. , this election was the last time a politician unaffiliated with a political party was elected to the legislature. Results References {{Jamaican elections General election Elections in Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...
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Opposition Leader
The Leader of the Opposition is a title traditionally held by the leader of the largest political party not in government, typical in countries utilizing the parliamentary system form of government. The leader of the opposition is typically seen as an alternative prime minister, premier, first minister, or chief minister to the incumbent; in the Westminster system, they head a rival alternative government known as the shadow cabinet or opposition front bench. The same term is also used to refer to the leader of the largest political party that is not in government in subnational state, provincial, and other regional and local legislatures. In many Commonwealth realms, the full title for the Leader of the Opposition is the ''Leader of His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition''. Current leaders of the opposition Parliamentary systems * Leader of the Opposition (Albania) (unofficial position) * Leader of the Opposition (Cambodia) * Leader of the Opposition (Comoros) * Leader of ...
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