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Italian Federation Of Hat And Allied Workers
The Italian Federation of Hat Workers ( it, Federazione italiana lavoranti cappellai, FILC) was a trade union representing hatters in Italy. The union was founded in 1901, on the initiative of the Monza trades council, which itself had been founded by the local hatters' union. From 1902, the union was led by Ettore Reina, a former compositor. By 1902, the union already had 5,220 members, and that year, it achieved the first in a series of collective agreements. In 1906, it became a founding affiliate of the General Confederation of Labour (CGL). The union focused not just on improving the pay and conditions of its members, but also on solidarity action in the defence of workers more generally. It affiliated to the International Union of Hatters, and from 1921 hosted the international's headquarters. By 1922, its membership had reached 8,470. However, the rise of fascism in Italy led to a decline in membership, and the union was banned in 1926. After World War II, the un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits (such as holiday, health care, and retirement), improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting the integrity of their trade through the increased bargaining power wielded by solidarity among workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members in democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monza
Monza (, ; lmo, label=Lombard language, Lombard, Monça, locally ; lat, Modoetia) is a city and ''comune'' on the River Lambro, a tributary of the Po River, Po in the Lombardy region of Italy, about north-northeast of Milan. It is the capital of the Province of Monza and Brianza. Monza is best known for its Grand Prix motor racing circuit, the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, which hosts the Formula One Italian Grand Prix with a massive Italian support ''tifosi'' for the Scuderia Ferrari, Ferrari team. On 11 June 2004, Monza was designated the capital of the new province of Province of Monza e Brianza, Monza and Brianza. The new administrative arrangement came fully into effect in summer 2009; previously, Monza was a ''comune'' within the province of Milan. Monza is the third-largest city of Lombardy and is the most important economic, industrial and administrative centre of the Brianza area, supporting a textile industry and a publishing trade. Monza also hosts a Department of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ettore Reina
Ettore Reina (27 July 1871 – 8 November 1958) was an Italian politician and trade union leader. Born in Milan, Reina was orphaned at the age of 13. He entered an orphanage, and was able to complete an apprenticeship as a compositor before he left, five years later. He became interested in socialism, joining the "Order and Work" friendly society, and the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), first standing for the party in 1897. In 1898, Reina became secretary of the Monza Trades Council, founding and editing the ''La Brianza Lavoratrice'' journal. He became heavily involved with the local hatmakers, helping them negotiate a collective agreement in 1899, and then leading the formation of the Italian Federation of Hat Workers (FILC) in 1902. He became the leader of the new union, and in 1906 it became a founding affiliate of the General Confederation of Labour (CGL), Reina serving on the federation's executive. In 1919, Reina was elected to the Chamber of Deputies The chambe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collective Agreement
A collective agreement, collective labour agreement (CLA) or collective bargaining agreement (CBA) is a written contract negotiated through collective bargaining for employees by one or more trade unions with the management of a company (or with an employers' association) that regulates the terms and conditions of employees at work. This includes regulating the wages, benefits, and duties of the employees and the duties and responsibilities of the employer or employers and often includes rules for a dispute resolution process. Finland In Finland, collective labour agreements are universally valid. This means that a collective agreement in an economic sector becomes a universally applicable legal minimum for any individual's employment contract, whether or not they are a union member. For this condition to apply, half of the workforce in that sector needs to be union members, thus supporting the agreement. Workers are not forced to join a union in a specific workplace. Nevertheless, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Confederation Of Labour (Italy)
General Confederation of Labour ( it, Confederazione Generale del Lavoro, CGdL) was an Italian labor union, founded in 1906, under the initiative of socialist militants. Having survived the Fascist dictatorship and the Second World War as an underground organization, the CGL joined the cross-party CGIL labor federation in 1945. History Founding The Confederazione Generale del Lavoro was founded 1 October 1906 but its formation goes back to the first Camera del Lavoro (Workers' Hall) begun in Milan in 1891, and to the founding of its largest constituent unions (especially the FIOM national metal workers' union created in 1901). The CGdL's first secretary was the Reformist Socialist Rinaldo Rigola (1906–1918). It affiliated to the International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres. Growth and decline In the first few years, membership of the federation grew rapidly, reaching 383,770 in 1911. It then fell, but boomed at the end of World War I, and by 1920 had reache ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Union Of Hatters
The International Union of Hatters was a global union federation of trade unions representing people involved in making hats. History The various unions of hatters across Europe had long collaborated on support for workers moving between countries, and in 1878 representatives of the unions in Denmark, Germany and Italy all met at an exhibition in Paris to discuss the possibility of forming an international organisation. No such federation was created, but further meetings were held in Paris in 1889, Zurich in 1893, and London in 1896. The International Federation of Hatters was established in 1900, initially based in Paris. Its headquarters moved to Altenburg in 1906, Monza in 1921, and back to Paris in the early 1930s. One of the smaller global union federations, by 1925, it had 13 affiliates with a total of 57,077 members. By 1936, it had affiliates in Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It appears to have dissolved at the st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian General Confederation Of Labour
The Italian General Confederation of Labour (; CGIL) is a national trade union based in Italy. It was formed by agreement between socialists, communists, and Christian democrats in the "Pact of Rome" of June 1944. In 1950, socialists and Christian democrats split forming UIL and CISL, and since then the CGIL has been influenced by the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and until recent years by its political heirs: the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), the Democrats of the Left (DS) and currently the Democratic Party (PD). It has been the most important Italian trade union since its creation. It has a membership of over 5.5 million. Along with the decline of membership within its political counterpart, the Democratic Party (PD), its membership is in steep decline since 2013, with the percentage of pensioners in constant rise. On 1 July 2015, the number of working adults reached a ceiling at 2.185.099. The CGIL is currently the second-largest trade union in Europe, after the Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Federation Of Textile And Garment Workers
The Italian Federation of Textile and Garment Workers ( it, Federazione Italiana Lavoratori Tessili ed Abbigliamento, FILTEA) was a trade union representing workers in the textile and clothing industries in Italy. The union was founded in March 1966, when the Italian Federation of Textile Workers merged with the Italian Federation of Garment Workers and the Italian Federation of Hat and Allied Workers. Like its predecessors, it affiliated to the Italian General Confederation of Labour. The new union was immediately involved in disputes over pay and conditions, and then the Hot Autumn of 1968. The following decades saw a continuing decline in employment in the industries, and by 1998, the union had 138,289 members. In 2009, the union merged with the Italian Federation of Chemical, Energy and Manufacturing Workers, to form the Italian Federation of Chemical, Textile, Energy and Manufacturing Workers. General Secretaries :1966: Lina Fibbi :1969: Sergio Garavini :1975: Nella ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hat Makers' Trade Unions
A hat is a head covering which is worn for various reasons, including protection against weather conditions, ceremonial reasons such as university graduation, religious reasons, safety, or as a fashion accessory. Hats which incorporate mechanical features, such as visors, spikes, flaps, braces or beer holders shade into the broader category of headgear. In the past, hats were an indicator of social status. In the military, hats may denote nationality, branch of service, rank or regiment. Police typically wear distinctive hats such as peaked caps or brimmed hats, such as those worn by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Some hats have a protective function. As examples, the hard hat protects construction workers' heads from injury by falling objects, a British police Custodian helmet protects the officer's head, a sun hat shades the face and shoulders from the sun, a cowboy hat protects against sun and rain and an ushanka fur hat with fold-down earflaps keeps the head and ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Established In 1901
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Disestablished In 1966
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
