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Isoeugenol
Isoeugenol is a phenylpropene, a propenyl-substituted guaiacol. A phenylpropanoid, it occurs in the essential oils of plants such as ylang-ylang (''Cananga odorata''), and is a component of wood smoke and liquid smoke. It can be synthesized from eugenol and has been used in the manufacture of vanillin. It may occur as either the cis ''(Z)'' or trans ''(E)'' isomer. Trans ''(E)'' isoeugenol is crystalline while cis ''(Z)'' isoeugenol is a liquid. Isoeugenol is one of several phenolic compounds responsible for the mold-inhibiting effect of smoke on meats and cheeses. Allergy Some individuals experience a hives-like reaction to long-term exposure to Isoeugenol, which is named as ''Fragrance'' in the ingredients of consumer products such as soaps, shampoos and detergents, bath tissue, and topical cosmetic applications. Sensitivity to isoeugenol (Fragrance) may be identified with a clinical patch test. See also * Pseudoisoeugenol * Methylisoeugenol * Desmethylisoeugenol Hydroxychavi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugenol
Eugenol is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, a member of the allylbenzene class of chemical compounds. It is a colorless to pale yellow, aromatic oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove, nutmeg, cinnamon, basil and bay leaf. It is present in concentrations of 80–90% in clove bud oil and at 82–88% in clove leaf oil. Eugenol has a pleasant, spicy, clove-like scent. The name is derived from ''Eugenia caryophyllata'', the former Linnean nomenclature term for cloves. The currently accepted name is ''Syzygium aromaticum''. Biosynthesis The biosynthesis of eugenol begins with the amino acid tyrosine. L-tyrosine is converted to ''p''-coumaric acid by the enzyme tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL). From here, ''p''-coumaric acid is converted to caffeic acid by ''p''-coumarate 3-hydroxylase using oxygen and NADPH. ''S''-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) is then used to methylate caffeic acid, forming ferulic acid, which is in turn converted to feruloyl- CoA by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudoisoeugenol
Pseudoisoeugenol is a naturally occurring phenylpropene and an isomer of eugenol. Natural occurrence and derivatives Pseudoisoeugenol naturally occurs in the essential oils of roots from plants within the genus ''Pimpinella''. In addition to its standard form, the compound also occurs in a variety of structural derivatives. Common derivatives include the compound with its side chain bearing an epoxide functional group and the aromatic ring being associated with one of many possible esters in the 2nd position. Common esters include angelic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, tiglic acid, and 2-methylpropionic acid esters. Hydrolysis of these esters, either ''in-vivo'' or by using strong acids, forms 2-methyl-5-methoxybenzofuran. Biosynthesis Biosynthesis of the compound is hypothesized to proceed via a NIH shift of anethole. See also *Isoeugenol Isoeugenol is a phenylpropene, a propenyl-substituted guaiacol. A phenylpropanoid, it occurs in the essential oils of plants such as ylang- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenylpropene
Phenylpropene is the organic compound with the formula C6H5CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless liquid. The compound consists of a phenyl group attached to allyl. Phenylpropene isomerizes to trans-propenylbenzene. In plant biochemistry, the phenylpropene skeleton is the parent (simplest representation) of the phenylpropanoids. Prominent derivatives include eugenol, safrole Safrole is an organic compound with the formula CH2O2C6H3CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless oily liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. A member of the phenylpropanoid family of natural products, it is found in sassafras plants, among oth ..., and many others. References External links * {{Phenylpropene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guaiacol
Guaiacol () is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(OH)(OCH3). It is a phenolic compound containing an methoxy functional group. Guaiacol appears as a viscous colorless oil, although aged or impure samples are often yellowish. It occurs widely in nature and is a common product of the pyrolysis of wood. Occurrence Guaiacol is usually derived from guaiacum or wood creosote. It is produced by a variety of plants. It is also found in essential oils from celery seeds, tobacco leaves, orange leaves, and lemon peels. The pure substance is colorless, but samples become yellow upon exposure to air and light. The compound is present in wood smoke, resulting from the pyrolysis of lignin. The compound contributes to the flavor of many substances such as whiskey and roasted coffee. Preparation The compound was first isolated by Otto Unverdorben in 1826. Guaiacol is produced by methylation of ''o''-catechol, for example using potash and dimethyl sulfate: :C6H4(OH)2 + (CH3O)2SO2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Essential Oil
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (easily evaporated at normal temperatures) chemical compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils, ethereal oils, aetheroleum, or simply as the oil of the plant from which they were extracted, such as oil of clove. An essential oil is essential in the sense that it contains the essence of the plant's fragrance—the characteristic fragrance of the plant from which it is derived. The term "essential" used here does ''not'' mean indispensable or usable by the human body, as with the terms essential amino acid or essential fatty acid, which are so called because they are nutritionally required by a living organism. Essential oils are generally extracted by distillation, often by using steam. Other processes include expression, solvent extraction, '' sfumatura'', absolute oil extraction, resin tapping, wax embedding, and cold pressing. They are used in perfumes, cosmetics, soaps, air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ylang-ylang
''Cananga odorata'', known as ylang-ylang ( ) or cananga tree, is a tropical tree that is native to the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Queensland, Australia. It is also native to parts of Thailand and Vietnam. It is valued for the essential oils extracted from its flowers (also called "ylang-ylang"), which has a strong floral fragrance. Ylang-ylang is one of the most extensively used natural materials in the perfume industry, earning it the name "Queen of Perfumes". The ylang-ylang vine (''Artabotrys odoratissimus'') and climbing ylang-ylang (''Artabotrys hexapetalus'') are woody, evergreen climbing plants in the same family. ''Artabotrys odoratissimus'' is also a source of perfume. Etymology and nomenclature The name ''ylang-ylang'' is the Spanish spelling of the Tagalog term for the tree, - a reduplicative form of the word , meaning "wilderness", alluding to the tree's natural habitat. A common mistranslation is "flower of flowers". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liquid Smoke
Liquid smoke is a water-soluble yellow to red liquid used as a flavoring as a substitute for Smoking (cooking), cooking with wood smoke while retaining a similar flavor. It can be used to flavor any meat or vegetable. It is generally made by Condensation, condensing the smoke from wood without any food additives, but many derivative formulas contain additives for functional purposes, which must appear on product labels. History Pyrolysis or thermal decomposition of wood in a low oxygen manner originated prehistorically to produce charcoal. Condensates of the vapors eventually were made and found useful as preservatives. For centuries, water-based condensates of wood smoke were popularly called "wood vinegar", presumably due to its use as food vinegar. Pliny the Elder recorded in one of his ten volumes of ''Natural History (Pliny), Natural History'' the use of wood vinegar as an embalming agent, declaring it superior to other treatments he used. In 1658, Johann Rudolf Glauber out ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanillin
Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a phenolic aldehyde. Its functional groups include aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether. It is the primary component of the extract of the vanilla bean. Synthetic vanillin is now used more often than natural vanilla extract as a flavoring in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals. Vanillin and ethylvanillin are used by the food industry; ethylvanillin is more expensive, but has a stronger note. It differs from vanillin by having an ethoxy group (−O−CH2CH3) instead of a methoxy group (−O−CH3). Natural vanilla extract is a mixture of several hundred different compounds in addition to vanillin. Artificial vanilla flavoring is often a solution of pure vanillin, usually of synthetic origin. Because of the scarcity and expense of natural vanilla extract, synthetic preparation of its predominant component has long been of interest. The first commercial synthesis of vanillin began with the more readily available na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylisoeugenol
Methyl isoeugenol (isomethyleugenol) is a phenylpropanoid, the methyl ether of isoeugenol, found in certain essential oils. It can occur as both (''E'')- and (''Z'')-isomers. See also * Methyl eugenol Methyl eugenol (allylveratrol) is a natural chemical compound classified as a phenylpropene, a type of phenylpropanoid. It is the methyl ether of eugenol and is important to insect behavior and pollination. It is found in various essential oils. ... References O-methylated phenylpropanoids Phenylpropenes {{Organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmethylisoeugenol
Hydroxychavicol is a phenylpropanoid compound present in leaves of ''Piper betle''. It is a more potent inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (IC50=16.7 µM) than allopurinol. Research It might be a useful new compound in treating cutaneous fungal infections. It is a promising agent in prevention and treatment of dental disorders as it had bactericidal and fungicidal effect on '' Streptococcus intermedius'', '' Streptococcus mutans'', and ''Candida albicans'' and inhibited biofilm formation. See also * Chavicol Chavicol (''p''-allylphenol) is a natural phenylpropene, a type of organic compound. Its chemical structure consists of a benzene ring substituted with a hydroxy group and a propenyl group. It is a colorless liquid found together with terpenes i ... References Catechols Phenylpropenes {{Aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
