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Iris Crocea
''Iris crocea'' is a species in the genus ''Iris'', it is also in the subgenus '' Limniris'' and the series '' Spuriae''. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, found in Kashmir. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant. It is also commonly known as ''Golden Iris'' or ''Golden Flag''. It was also known as Iris aurea for a long time, before that was regarded as a synonym of ''Iris crocea''. Description It is similar in form to '' Iris orientalis'' but with larger flowers. It has stout rhizomes, and it has long, erect, straight, and (ensiform) sword-like leaves.British Iris Society (1997) Measuring between long and 1.5–2.5 cm wide. It has a stout, terete (round in cross-section) long stem. It has few branches, and it has 2–3 green, between long, spathes (leaves of the flower bud). The stems hold 2–3 flowers, one terminal (top of stem) and two lateral (further down the stem), blooming early summer, between April and June, or June and July (in the UK). It has large f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Jacquemont
Venceslas Victor Jacquemont (8 August 1801 – 7 December 1832) was a French botanist and geologist known for his travels in India. Born in Paris on August 8, 1801, Victor Jacquemont was the youngest of four sons of Frédéric François Venceslas Jacquemont de Moreau (1757-1836) and Rose Laisné. He studied medicine and later took an interest in botany. His early travels took him around Europe. He was lightly built and capable of living on a very frugal diet. After being invited by the Jardin des Plantes to collect plant and animal specimens from a country of his choice for 240 pounds a year, Jacquemont traveled to India leaving Brest in August 1828. He arrived at Calcutta on 5 May 1829. He went to Delhi on 5 March 1830 and went onwards towards the western Himalayas. He visited Amber in Rajputana, met with the Sikh Emperor Ranjit Singh at his capital of Lahore, and visited the kingdom of Ladakh in the Himalaya. He also visited Bardhaman (Burdwan) in Bengal in November 1829. He di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytochemical
Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and plant virus infections, and also consumption by insects and other animals. The name comes . Some phytochemicals have been used as poisons and others as traditional medicine. As a term, ''phytochemicals'' is generally used to describe plant compounds that are under research with unestablished effects on health, and are not scientifically defined as essential nutrients. Regulatory agencies governing food labeling in Europe and the United States have provided guidance for industry to limit or prevent health claims about phytochemicals on food product or nutrition labels. Definition Phytochemicals are chemicals of plant origin. Phytochemicals (from Greek ''phyto'', meaning "plant") are chemicals produced by plants through primary or secondary metabolism. They generally have biological activity in the plant host and play a role in plant growth or defense against competitors, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris Versicolor
''Iris versicolor'' is also commonly known as the blue flag, harlequin blueflag, larger blue flag, northern blue flag, and poison flag, plus other variations of these names, and in Britain and Ireland as purple iris. It is a species of ''Iris'' native to North America, in the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada. It is common in sedge meadows, marshes, and along streambanks and shores. The specific epithet ''versicolor'' means "variously coloured". It is one of the three ''Iris'' species in the ''Iris'' flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper "The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems" as an example of linear discriminant analysis. Description ''Iris versicolor'' is a flowering herbaceous perennial plant, growing high. It tends to form large clumps from thick, creeping rhizomes. The unwinged, erect stems generally have basal leaves that are more than wide. Leaves are folded on the midribs so that they form an overlapping flat fan. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris Sibirica
''Iris sibirica'' ( commonly known as Siberian iris or Siberian flag), is a species in the genus ''Iris''. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from Europe (including France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Former Yugoslavia, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Ukraine and northern Turkey) and Central Asia (including Armenia, Azerbaijan and Siberia). It has long green grass-like leaves, tall stem, 2–5 violet-blue, to blue, and occasionally white flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. Description ''Iris sibirica'' was often confused with ''Iris sanguinea'', another blue flowering Asian iris, but ''Iris sanguinea'' has unbranched stems, while ''Iris sibirica'' has branched stems. It has creeping rhizome (approximately diameter), forming a dense clumping plant.Richard Lynch The rhizomes are covered with the brown remnants of old leaves, from previous seasons. It ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris Setosa
Iris most often refers to: *Iris (anatomy), part of the eye *Iris (mythology), a Greek goddess * ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants *Iris (color), an ambiguous color term Iris or IRIS may also refer to: Arts and media Fictional entities * Iris (''American Horror Story''), an ''American Horror Story: Hotel'' character * Iris (''Fire Force''), a character in the manga series ''Fire Force'' * Iris (''Mega Man''), a ''Mega Man X4'' character ** Iris, a ''Mega Man Battle Network'' character * Iris (''Pokémon'') ** Iris (''Pokémon'' anime) * Iris, a '' Trolls: The Beat Goes On!'' character * Sorceress Iris, a ''Magicians of Xanth'' character * Iris, a kaiju character in '' Gamera 3: The Revenge of Iris'' * Iris, a ''LoliRock'' character * Iris, a '' Lufia II: Rise of the Sinistrals'' (1995) character * Iris, a '' Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations'' character * Iris, a ''Ruby Gloom'' character * Iris, a ''Taxi Driver'' (1976) character * Iris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenols
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of one or more hydroxyl groups (— O H) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The simplest is phenol, . Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule. Phenols are both synthesized industrially and produced by plants and microorganisms. Properties Acidity Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids (their pKa is usually between 10 and 12). Deprotonation of a phenol forms a corresponding negative phenolate ion or phenoxide ion, and the corresponding salts are called phenolates or phenoxides (aryloxides according to the IUPAC Gold Book). Condensation with aldehydes and ketones Phenols are susceptible to Electrophilic aromatic substitutions. Condensation with formald ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris Spuria
''Iris spuria'' is a species of the genus Iris (plant), Iris, part of the subgenus ''Iris subg. Limniris, Limniris'' and the series ''Iris ser. Spuriae, Spuriae''. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Europe, Asia and Africa. It has purple or lilac flowers, and slender, elongated leaves. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperateness, temperate regions and hybridized for use in the garden. It has several subspecies; Iris spuria subsp. carthaliniae, ''Iris spuria'' subsp. ''carthaliniae'' (Achv. & Mirzoeva) B.Mathew, Iris spuria subsp. demetrii, ''Iris spuria'' subsp. ''demetrii'' (Achv. & Mirzoeva) B.Mathew, Iris spuria subsp. maritima, ''Iris spuria'' subsp. ''maritima'' (Dykes) P.Fourn. and Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica, ''Iris spuria'' subsp. ''musulmanica'' (Fomin) Takht. It used to have 3 other subspecies, which have now been re-classified as separate species; ''Iris spuria'' subsp. ''halophila'' (now ''Iris halophila''), ''Iris spuria'' ssp. ''sogdian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris Pseudacorus
''Iris pseudacorus'', the yellow flag, yellow iris, or water flag, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is native to Europe, western Asia and northwest Africa. Its specific epithet ''pseudacorus'' means "false acorus", referring to the similarity of its leaves to those of ''Acorus calamus'' (sweet flag), as they have a prominently veined mid-rib and sword-like shape. However, the two plants are not closely related. The flower is commonly attributed with the fleur-de-lis. Description This herbaceous flowering perennial plant grows to , or a rare tall, with erect leaves up to long and broad. The flowers are bright yellow, across, with the typical iris form. The fruit is a dry capsule long, containing numerous pale brown seeds. ''I. pseudacorus'' grows best in very wet conditions, and is common in wetlands, where it tolerates submersion, low pH, and anoxic soils. The plant spreads quickly, by both rhizome and water-dispersed seed. It fills a simila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tannins
Tannins (or tannoids) are a class of astringent, polyphenolic biomolecules that bind to and precipitate proteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids. The term ''tannin'' (from Anglo-Norman ''tanner'', from Medieval Latin ''tannāre'', from ''tannum'', oak bark) refers to the use of oak and other bark in tanning animal hides into leather. By extension, the term ''tannin'' is widely applied to any large polyphenolic compound containing sufficient hydroxyls and other suitable groups (such as carboxyls) to form strong complexes with various macromolecules. The tannin compounds are widely distributed in many species of plants, where they play a role in protection from predation (acting as pesticides) and might help in regulating plant growth. The astringency from the tannins is what causes the dry and puckery feeling in the mouth following the consumption of unripened fruit, red wine or tea. Likewise, the destruction or modification of tann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycosides
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides. These can be activated by enzyme hydrolysis, which causes the sugar part to be broken off, making the chemical available for use. Many such plant glycosides are used as medications. Several species of ''Heliconius'' butterfly are capable of incorporating these plant compounds as a form of chemical defense against predators. In animals and humans, poisons are often bound to sugar molecules as part of their elimination from the body. In formal terms, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides can be linked by an O- (an ''O-glycoside''), N- (a ''glycosylamine''), S-(a ''thioglycoside''), or C- (a '' C-glycoside'') glycosidic bond. According to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavonoids
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans. Chemically, flavonoids have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C, the ring containing the embedded oxygen). This carbon structure can be abbreviated C6-C3-C6. According to the IUPAC nomenclature, they can be classified into: *flavonoids or bioflavonoids *isoflavonoids, derived from 3-phenyl chromen-4-one (3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone) structure *neoflavonoids, derived from 4-phenylcoumarine (4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyrone) structure The three flavonoid classes above are all ketone-containing compounds and as such, anthoxanthins ( flavones and flavonols). This class was the first to be termed bioflavonoids. The terms flavonoid and bioflavonoid have also been more loosely used to describe non- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris Kashmiriana
''Iris kashmiriana'' is a plant species in the genus ''Iris'', it is also in the subgenus ''Iris''. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Kashmir, India. It has straight, sword-shaped, glaucous leaves, tall, thick stem with up 2 short branches, which hold 2–3 flowers, which can be white, cream or pale blue, lilac, lavender or blue-purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, although in Kashmir, it is also planted on graves. Description It has thick and stout rhizome,British Iris Society (1997) which is fibrous, and creeps along the ground. It has ensiform (sword-like), yellowish-green, or glaucous (blue-green), straight, leaves. They have scarious (paper-like) margins, and ribs. The herbaceous leaves, can grow up to between long, and between wide. It has an oval (in cross-section), thick stem or peduncle,Kelly Norris that can grow up to between tall. Occasionally, it can reach up to tall. It has 1–2 short, 1 cm long, branches (or pedicels ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
