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Invasion Of Menorca, 1781
The Franco-Spanish reconquest of Menorca (historically called "Minorca" in English) from the British in February 1782, after the siege of Fort St. Philip lasting over five months, was an important step in the achievement of Spain's aims in its alliance with France against Britain during the American Revolutionary War. The ultimate result was the devolution of the island to Spain in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. Background At the eastern end of the island of Menorca is the port of Mahón, one of the best deep-water anchorages in the Mediterranean Sea. For a naval power with no Mediterranean coast, possession of Menorca, therefore, was of major strategic advantage, and for most of the 18th century, Menorca was under British control. The narrow entrance to the port was guarded by a fort, known to the British as St. Philip's Castle, a translation of the original Spanish, ''el castillo de San Felipe'', which (with two outlying fortlets, San Carlos and Marlborough) was massively st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which American Patriot (American Revolution), Patriot forces organized as the Continental Army and commanded by George Washington defeated the British Army during the American Revolutionary War, British Army. The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The war's outcome seemed uncertain for most of the war. However, Washington and the Continental Army's decisive victory in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 led King George III and the Kingdom of Great Britain to negotiate an end to the war in the Treaty of Paris (1783), Treaty of Paris two years later, in 1783, in which the British monarchy acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies, leading to the establishment of the United States as an independent and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Des Balbes De Berton De Crillon
Louis des Balbes de Berton de Crillon (; 1541, Murs, Vaucluse, Murs, Provence – 2 December 1615, Avignon) was a French soldier, called the ''Man without Fear'' and, by Henry IV of France, Henry IV the ''Brave of the Brave''. Louis was born in France from a branch of the House of Balbo Bertone, Balbo Bertone family of Chieri which had relocated one generation prior from Italy to Southern France. Trained in Avignon and later under Claude, Duke of Guise, Guise of Lorraine, Crillon became an officer in 1557 and distinguished himself in the siege of Calais and the capture of Guînes through his courage. He suppressed the Amboise conspiracy, conspiracy of Amboise in 1560 and fought against the Huguenots and excelled at Battle of Dreux, Dreux, Battle of Saint-Denis (1567), St. Denis, Battle of Jarnac, Jarnac and Battle of Moncontour, Moncontour. After the peace of St. Germain (1570), he fought as a Knights Hospitaller, Maltese under John of Austria against the Ottoman Empire, Turks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Es Castell
Es Castell () is a small municipality in eastern Menorca in the Balearic Islands, Spain. The town was founded in 1771 by British Col. Patrick Mackellar and was originally called ''Georgetown'' in honour of King George III George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland, Ireland from 25 October 1760 until his death in 1820. The Acts of Union 1800 unified Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and ...; however, it takes its current name from the large fort nearby, known to the British as St. Philip's Castle. Col. Patrick MacKellar (Argyllshire 1717-1778) was the chief engineer of Menorca and his house today is known as Son Granot. Es Castell celebrates its Foundation Day on 1 June with 18th-century themed festivities, in which the Municipality itself, St. Philip's Castle Foundation, Son Granot and other institutions participate. Gallery Image:Mapa Menorca Municipis.jpg, Municipalities of Menorca Image:EsC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fornells, Menorca
Fornells is a village located in a bay in the north of the Balearic islands, Balearic island of Menorca, Spain. Fornells is estimated to have a population of about 1000 people which increases in the summer due to tourism. Fornells' native people are known as ''Fornellers'' in the Catalan language and in Spanish language, Spanish. History The village was founded to serve a small defensive watch tower, built at the beginning of the 17th century as a defence against the Barbary pirates for whom Fornells Bay provided the perfect safe haven. This watch tower proved to be insufficient, so in 1625 King Philip IV of Spain, Phillip IV of Spaiordered a castle to be added This project was not successful due to lack of funds. In 1637 the building project was recommenced as the castle of Sant Antoni. During construction, a small village was formed around the castle, occupied by construction workers and soldiers, this village becoming the basis of modern-day Fornells. During the 18th centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ciutadella De Menorca
Ciutadella de Menorca () or simply Ciutadella is a town and a municipalities of Spain, municipality in the western end of Menorca, one of the Balearic Islands (Spain). It is one of the two primary cities in the island, along with Maó. History It was founded by the Carthaginians, and became the seat of a bishop in the 4th century. After being governed by the Moors under the names of ''Medīna el Jezīra'' () and ''Medīna Menūrqa'' (مدينة منورقة) for several centuries, Ciutadella was recaptured during the reconquista by men serving Alfonso III of Aragon, Alfonso III and became part of the Crown of Aragon. During the Middle Ages, it became an important trading center. On 9 July 1558, the Turks under Piyale Pasha and Turgut Reis with a powerful Turkish Armada of 140 ships and 15,000 soldiers, put the town under siege for eight days entered and decimated the town. The town was defended by only a few hundred men. All of Ciutadella's 3,099 inhabitants who survived the sie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palma De Mallorca
Palma (, ; ), also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983 and 1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is administratively considered part of the municipality. History Palma was founded as a Ancient Rome, Roman camp upon the remains of a Talaiotic settlement. The city was subjected to several Vandal raids during the fall of the Western Roman Empire, then reconquered by the Byzantine Empire, then colonised by the Moors (who called it ''Medina Mayurqa'') and, in the 13th century, by James I of Aragon. Roman period After the conquest of Mallorca, the city was loosely incorporated into the province of Hispania Tarraconensis, Tarraconensis by 123 BC; the Romans founded two new cities: ''Palma'' on the south of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majorca
Mallorca, or Majorca, is the largest of the Balearic Islands, which are part of Spain, and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, seventh largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. The capital of the island, Palma, Majorca, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Balearic Islands have been an autonomous region of Spain since 1983. There are two small islands off the coast of Mallorca: Cabrera, Balearic Islands, Cabrera (southeast of Palma) and Dragonera (west of Palma). The anthem of Mallorca is "La Balanguera". Like the other Balearic Islands of Menorca, Ibiza, and Formentera, the island is a highly popular holiday destination, particularly for tourists from the Netherlands, Republic of Ireland, Ireland, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The international airport, Palma de Mallorca Airport, is one of the busiest in Spain; it was used by 28 million passengers in 2017, with use increasing ever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cabrera, Balearic Islands
Cabrera (, , ) is an island in the Balearic Islands, Spain located in the Mediterranean Sea off the southern coast of Mallorca. A National Park, its highest point is Na Picamosques (172 m). Uninhabited, it is administratively part of the city of Palma in Mallorca. Cabrera is the largest island of the small archipelago that includes (from south to north) the islands of Estells de Fora, L'Imperial, Illa de ses Bledes, Na Redona, Conillera, L'Esponja, Na Plana, Illot Pla, Na Pobra and Na Foradada. History In December 1530, Hayreddin Barbarossa, an Ottoman admiral of the fleet, captured the Castle of Cabrera, and started to use the island as a logistic base for his operations in the area. Barbarossa's naval victories secured Ottoman dominance over the Mediterranean during the mid-16th century, from 1530 until the Battle of Lepanto in 1571. Cabrera was used to house French prisoners of war following the 1808 Battle of Bailén. Of the 9,000 sent to Cabrera during the war, onl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formentera
Formentera (, ) is a Spanish island located in the Mediterranean Sea, which belongs to the Balearic Islands autonomous community (Spain) together with Mallorca, Menorca, and Ibiza. Formentera is the smallest and most southerly island of the Pityusic Islands group (comprising Ibiza and Formentera itself, as well as various small islets). It covers an area of , including offshore islets. At the 2011 Census, the population was 10,583; according to the Census of 1 January 2021, it counted 11,891 inhabitants, while the official estimate at 1 January 2023 was 11,389. History The island's name is said to derive from the Latin word ''frumentarium'', meaning "granary". The island was occupied in prehistoric times, going back to 2,000–1,600 BC. Archaeological sites from that period remain in Ca na Costa, Cape Barbaria, Cap de Barbaria (multiple sites) and Cova des Fum. The island had been occupied by the Carthaginians before passing to the ancient Romans. In succeeding centuries, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alicante, Spain
Alicante (, , ; ; ; officially: ''/'' ) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. The population of the city was 337,482 , the second-largest in the Valencian Community. Toponymy The name of the city echoes the Arabic name ''Laqant'' (), ''al-Laqant'' (اللَّقَنْت) or ''Al-qant'' (), which in turn reflects the Latin ''Lucentum'' and Greek root ''Leuké'' (or ''Leuka''), meaning "white". History The area around Alicante has been inhabited for over 7,000 years. The first tribes of hunter-gatherers moved gradually from Central Europe between 5000 and 3000 BC. Some of the earlier settlements were made on the slopes of Mount Benacantil. By 1000 BC, Greek and Phoenician traders had begun to visit the eastern coast of Spain, establishing small trading ports and introducing the native Iberian tribes to the alphabet, iron, and the pottery wheel. The Carthaginian general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartagena, Spain
Cartagena () is a Spanish city belonging to the Region of Murcia. As of January 2018, it has a population of 218,943 inhabitants. The city lies in a natural harbor of the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Cartagena is the region's second-largest municipality. The wider urban or metropolitan area of Cartagena, known as Campo de Cartagena, has a population of 409,586 inhabitants. Cartagena has been inhabited for over two millennia, being founded around 227 BC by the Carthaginians, Carthaginian military leader Hasdrubal the Fair, Hasdrubal. The city reached its peak under the Hispania, Roman Empire, when it was known as , capital of the province of . Cartagena was temporarily held over by the Byzantine Empire in late antiquity, before being raided by Visigoths circa 620–625. The Islamic city rebuilt around the Concepción Hill, mentioned as , was noted by the 11th century as a great harbor. Unsubmissive to the terms of the Treaty of Alcaraz, Carta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cádiz
Cádiz ( , , ) is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula off the Atlantic Ocean separated from neighbouring San Fernando, Cádiz, San Fernando by a narrow isthmus. Cádiz, one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, was founded by the Phoenicians as a trading post.Strabo, ''Geographica'' 3.5.5 In the 18th century, the Port in the Bay of Cádiz consolidated as the main harbour of mainland Spain, enjoying the virtual monopoly of trade with the Americas until 1778. It is also the site of the University of Cádiz. Situated on a narrow slice of land surrounded by the sea‚ Cádiz is, in most respects, a typical Andalusian city with well-preserved historical landmarks. The older part of Cádiz, within the remnants of the defensive wall, city walls, is commonly refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
