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International Numismata Orientalia
The International Numismata Orientalia was an important series of publications relating to numismatics of the Middle East and South Asia, with articles contributed by specialist numismatists, published by Messrs Nicholas Trübner, Trübner & Co., London, in the late nineteenth century. The inspiration for this series The inspiration for the series was the ''Numismata Orientalia'' produced by William Marsden (orientalist), William Marsden, and published earlier in the nineteenth century, which opened up numismatic research in the Middle East and throughout Asia. The title The entire series was intended to be a new edition of Marsden's ''Numismata Orientalia'', but it reached beyond the scope of Marsden's work, and from Part 2 onwards was known as ''International Numismata Orientalia''. The plan for the series Details of the plan for the entire series were outlined by Edward Thomas in his preface to Vol. 1, part 1: Publications * ''Part 1: Ancient Indian Weights'', by Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, paper money, medals and related objects. Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods. The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "Odd and Curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems. Etymology First attested in English 1829, the word ''numismatics'' comes from the adjective ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle East
The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (European part of Turkey), Egypt, Iran, the Levant (including Syria (region), Ash-Shām and Cyprus), Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), and the Socotra Governorate, Socotra Archipelago (a part of Yemen). The term came into widespread usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to the Far East) beginning in the early 20th century. The term "Middle East" has led to some confusion over its changing definitions, and has been viewed by some to be discriminatory or too Eurocentrism, Eurocentric. The region includes the vast majority of the territories included in the closely associated definition of Western Asia (including Iran), but without the South Caucasus, and additionally includes all of Egypt (not just the Sina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.;;;;;;;; Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian subcontinent and defined largely by the Indian Ocean on the south, and the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Pamir mountains on the north. The Amu Darya, which rises north of the Hindu Kush, forms part of the northwestern border. On land (clockwise), South Asia is bounded by Western Asia, Central Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic cooperation organization in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia. South Asia covers about , which is 11.71% of the Asian continent or 3.5% of the world's land surface area. The population of South Asia is about 1.9 billion or about one- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Trübner
Nicholas Trübner (17 June 1817 – 20 March 1884), born Nikolaus Trübner, was a German-English publisher, bookseller and linguist. Early life The eldest of four sons of a goldsmith in Heidelberg, Trübner was born there on 17 June 1817, and educated at the gymnasium. He was studious, and his parents placed him in 1831 in the shop of Mohr, the Heidelberg bookseller. He was there for six years, and then had successive employment with Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht at Göttingen, Hoffmann und Campe at Hamburg, and Wilmann at Frankfurt. In London At Frankfurt William Longman (1813–1877) offered Trübner the post of foreign corresponding clerk in his own business, and Trübner came to London in 1843. In 1851 he entered into partnership with Thomas Delf, who had succeeded to Wiley & Putnam's American literary agency, but at first the venture failed. David Nutt joined him, the business was put on a sounder footing, and the American trade developed. In 1855 he published his ''Bibliographica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Marsden (orientalist)
William Marsden (16 November 1754 – 6 October 1836) was an Irish orientalist, numismatist, and linguist who served as Second, then First Secretary to the Admiralty during years of conflict with France. Early life Marsden was the son of a Dublin merchant. He was born in Verval, County Wicklow, and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. Upon obtaining a civil service appointment with the East India Company at sixteen years of age, he was sent to Benkulen, Sumatra, in 1771. He was promoted to the position of principal secretary to the government, and acquired a knowledge of the Malay language and the country. After returning to England in 1779, he was awarded the Doctor of Civil Law (D.C.L.) degree by Oxford University in 1780 and published his ''History of Sumatra'' in 1783. Marsden was elected to membership in the Royal Society in 1783. He had been recommended by James Rennell, Edward Whitaker Gray, John Topham, Alexander Dalrymple, and Charles Blagden. Admiral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Thomas (antiquarian)
Edward Thomas (31 December 1813 – 10 February 1886) was an English civil servant of the East India Company, known for his writings on Indian antiquities. Life Born on 31 December 1813, the son of Honoratus Leigh Thomas, he was educated at the East India College at Haileybury. He went to India in 1832 as a writer in the Bengal service of the company. Poor health affected his career, and he took several absences in England on sick leave; and when Lord Dalhousie offered him in 1852 the post of foreign secretary to the government of India, he declined it. After acting for a short time as judge at Delhi, Thomas was appointed superintending judge of the Saugor and Nerbudda territory. He retired on a pension in 1857, and spent the rest of his life in scholarly pursuits, attending the meetings of learned societies and writing on Asian archæology. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1871, and appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire in the 1884 Birthday Hon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanley Lane Poole
Stanley Edward Lane-Poole (18 December 1854 – 29 December 1931) was a British orientalist and archaeologist. Poole was from a famous orientalist family as his paternal grandmother Sophia Lane Poole, uncle Reginald Stuart Poole and great-uncle Edward William Lane were famous for their work in this field. His other great-uncle was Richard James Lane, a distinguished Victorian lithographer and engraver. Biography Born in London, England, from 1874 to 1892 he worked in the British Museum, and after that in Egypt researching on Egyptian archaeology. From 1897 to 1904 he had a chair as Professor of Arabic studies at Dublin University. He was married to Charlotte Bell Wilson from 1879 until her death in 1905. The couple had three sons and a daughter; his eldest son predeceased him while of his other two sons, Richard was a Royal Navy officer and Charles was a forester who did much work in Australia. Bibliography Books * Completed the First Book of the '' Arabic-English Lexicon'', le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barclay V
Barclay may refer to: People * Barclay (surname) * Clan Barclay Places * Barclay, Kansas * Barclay, Maryland, a town in Queen Anne's County * Barclay, Baltimore, Maryland, a neighborhood * Barclay, Nevada, a town in Lincoln County * Barclay, Texas Business * Barclay (record label), a French record label * Barclay (cigarette), an American brand of cigarettes * Barclays, a United Kingdom based bank * Barclay Manufacturing Company (1922–1971), a toy manufacturer * Barclay Mowlem, former Australian construction company * Andrew Barclay Sons & Company, a Scottish locomotive builder * Jack Barclay Bentley, a Bentley dealership * Barclay, a brand of liquor owned by Barton Brands Education * The Barclay School, a secondary school in Stevenage, UK * Barclay College, a college in Haviland, Kansas Other uses * Operation Barclay, a World War II operation * The Barclays, A golf tournament in New York City area See also * Barclayville Barclayville is the capital and most populou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E T Rogers
E, or e, is the fifth letter and the second vowel letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''e'' (pronounced ); plural ''ees'', ''Es'' or ''E's''. It is the most commonly used letter in many languages, including Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Latin, Latvian, Norwegian, Spanish, and Swedish. History The Latin letter 'E' differs little from its source, the Greek letter epsilon, 'Ε'. This in turn comes from the Semitic letter '' hê'', which has been suggested to have started as a praying or calling human figure ('' hillul'' 'jubilation'), and was most likely based on a similar Egyptian hieroglyph that indicated a different pronunciation. In Semitic, the letter represented (and in foreign words); in Greek, ''hê'' became the letter epsilon, used to represent . The various forms of the Old Italic script and the Latin alp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percy Gardner
Percy Gardner, (24 November 184617 July 1937) was an English classical archaeologist and numismatist. He was Disney Professor of Archaeology at the University of Cambridge from 1879 to 1887. He was Lincoln Professor of Classical Archaeology and Art at the University of Oxford from 1887 to 1925. Early life Gardner was born in Hackney, Middlesex, United Kingdom on 24 November 1846 to Thomas Gardner and Ann Pearse. He was educated at the City of London School to the age of fifteen when he joined his father's stockbroker business. Having been unsuccessful in the field, in 1865 he matriculated into Christ's College, Cambridge. He graduated with a first-class Bachelor of Arts (BA) in the classics and moral sciences tripos in 1869. In 1870, he received the one year, University of Cambridge Whewell Scholarship in international law. Academic career From 1871 to 1887, Gardner was an assistant in the Department of Coins and Medals at the British Museum. While there, he helped to write the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas William Rhys Davids
Thomas William Rhys Davids (12 May 1843 – 27 December 1922) was an English scholar of the Pāli language and founder of the Pāli Text Society. He took an active part in founding the British Academy and London School for Oriental Studies. Early life and education Thomas William Rhys Davids was born at Colchester in Essex, England, the eldest son of a Congregational clergyman from Wales, who was affectionately referred to as the Bishop of Essex. His mother, who died at the age of 37 following childbirth, had run the Sunday school at his father's church. Deciding on a Civil Service career, Rhys Davids studied Sanskrit under A.F. Stenzler, a distinguished scholar at the University of Breslau. He earned money in Breslau by teaching English. Civil service in Sri Lanka In 1863 Rhys Davids returned to Britain, and on passing his civil service exams was posted to Sri Lanka (then known as Ceylon). When he was Magistrate of Galle and a case was brought before him involving qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederic William Madden
Frederic William Madden (9 April 1839 – 21 June 1904), son of Frederic Madden, was an employee of the British Museum and an authority on Roman, Jewish and Christian numismatics. Biography Madden was born in the British Museum on 9 April 1839. He attended Merchant Taylors', St Paul's and Charterhouse Schools. He became an assistant in the Department of Coins and Medals at the British Museum in 1861, and remained there until 1868. He resigned under a cloud, after an investigation of his sale of duplicate Roman coins in a donation by Edward Wigan. Madden then worked on various International Exhibitions. In 1874 he became Secretary and Librarian to Brighton College, and from 1888 to 1902 he was Chief Librarian of the Public Library in Brighton. He died at Holt Lodge, Brighton on 21 June 1904. Numismatics Madden joined the Royal Numismatic Society in 1858, became Secretary in 1860, and was a joint editor of its journal, the ''Numismatic Chronicle'', from 1860 to 1868. He was esp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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