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Internal Security Corps
The Internal Security Corps ( pl, Korpus Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego, KBW) was a special-purpose military formation in Poland under democratic government, established by the Council of Ministers on 24 May 1945. History The KBW consisted of 10 new cavalry regiments, an infantry division and two buffer brigades. The corps itself was subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security. By the end of August 1945, its force was made up of 29,053 soldiers and 2,356 officers. The KBW was called forth to protect key public infrastructure such as railways, but mainly to combat and suppress the anti-communist resistance in Poland including activities of the Cursed soldiers as well as all organizations which continued their armed struggle against the Communist takeover; such as the Freedom and Independence (WiN), the National Armed Forces (NSZ), and the remnants of the Polish Home Army (AK) among others. Between 1945 and 1954, the KBW fell under the responsibility of Minister Jakub Berman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Organization
Military organization or military organisation is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer such military capability as a national defense policy may require. In some countries paramilitary forces are included in a nation's armed forces, though not considered military. Armed forces that are not a part of military or paramilitary organizations, such as insurgent forces, often mimic military organizations, or use ''ad hoc'' structures, while formal military organization tends to use hierarchical forms. History The use of formalized ranks in a hierarchical structure came into widespread use with the Roman Army. In modern times, executive control, management and administration of military organization is typically undertaken by governments through a government department within the structure of public administration, often known as a ministry of defence or department of defense. These in turn manage military branches that themselves command formations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Territorial Defense Forces (Poland)
The Territorial Defense Forces ( pl, Obrona Terytorium Kraju - OTK) was an armed force responsible for the internal security of Poland and separate from the Polish Army. The OTK existed from 1965 until 2008. As initially organized, OTK forces included both an "Internal Defense Army" and the "Border Defense Force". This style of internal security organization corresponded to that used by the Soviet Union during the same period. After the fall of communism in Poland, changing political priorities led to the reduction of OTK forces. By 1 July 2008, the last of its battalions were converted to mechanized units of the army. History The OTK was founded in 1965 to help defend Polish territory in situations where the Polish People's Army was engaged abroad under Warsaw Pact obligations. Although their primary mission was defending the homeland, the OTK also had the Warsaw Pact mission of transporting Soviet forces and supplies across Poland in wartime. Formed mainly from units shifted f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 Establishments In Poland
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: ** Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Hungary from the Russians. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussian Offensive, to eliminate German forces in East Prussia. * January 16 – WWII: Adolf Hitler takes residence in the '' Führerbunker'' in Berlin. * January 17 ** WWII: The Soviet Union occupies Warsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygmunt Bauman
Zygmunt Bauman (; 19 November 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a Polish sociologist and philosopher. He was driven out of the Polish People's Republic during the 1968 Polish political crisis and forced to give up his Polish citizenship. He emigrated to Israel; three years later he moved to the United Kingdom. He resided in England from 1971, where he studied at the London School of Economics and became Professor of Sociology at the University of Leeds, later Emeritus. Bauman was a social theorist, writing on issues as diverse as modernity and the Holocaust, postmodern consumerism and liquid modernity. Early life and education Bauman was born to non-observant Polish Jewish family in Poznań, Second Polish Republic, in 1925. In 1939, when Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, his family escaped eastwards into the USSR. Career During World War II, Bauman enlisted in the Soviet-controlled First Polish Army, working as a political instructor. He took part in the Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Vistula
Operation Vistula ( pl, Akcja Wisła; uk, Опера́ція «Ві́сла») was a codename for the 1947 forced resettlement of 150,000 Ukrainians (Boykos and Lemkos) from the south-eastern provinces of post-war Poland, to the Recovered Territories in the west of the country. The action was carried out by the Soviet-installed Polish communist authorities with the aim of removing material support and assistance to the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. The Ukrainian Insurgent Army continued its guerilla activities until 1947 in both Subcarpathian and Lublin Voivodeships with no hope for any peaceful resolution. Operation Vistula effectively brought an end to the hostilities. In a period of three months beginning on 28 April 1947 and with Soviet approval and aid, about 141,000 civilians residing around Bieszczady and Low Beskids were forcibly resettled to formerly German territories, ceded to Poland at the Yalta Conference at the end of World War II. The operation was named after the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internal Troops
The Internal Troops, full name Internal Troops of the Ministry for Internal Affairs (MVD) (russian: Внутренние войска Министерства внутренних дел, Vnutrenniye Voiska Ministerstva Vnutrennikh Del; abbreviated ''ВВ'', ''VV''), alternatively translated as "Interior (Troops or Forces)", is a paramilitary gendarmerie-like force mostly in successor states of the Soviet Union and in other countries as well, including in Russia (until 2016), Ukraine (until 2014), Georgia (until 2004), Kazakhstan (until 2014), Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. It is also maintained as reserve forces in the Armed Forces of Mongolia. Internal Troops are subordinated to the interior ministries of the respective countries. They were designed to be used to support and reinforce the ''Militsiya'' (police forces), deal with large-scale crowd control, internal armed conflicts, prison security (except in Russia) and safeguarding of highly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronisław Kuriata
Bronisław (feminine: Bronisława) is a Polish name of Slavic origin meaning ''broni'' (to protect, to defend) and ''sława'' (glory, fame). The name may refer to: People * Bronislava of Poland, a 13th-century nun who was beatified in 1839 * Bronisław Czech, a Polish sportsman and artist * Bronisław Dankowski, a Polish politician * Bronisław Geremek, a Polish social historian and politician * Bronisław Huberman, a Jewish Polish violinist * Bronislav Kaminski, was the commander of the S.S. Sturmbrigade R.O.N.A * Bronisław Kaper, a Polish film composer who scored films and musical theater in Germany, France, and the USA * Bronisław Knaster, a Polish mathematician; from 1939 university professor in Lwów, from 1945 in Wrocław * Bronisław Komorowski, President of Poland * Bronisław Malinowski (athlete) * Bronisław Malinowski, a Polish anthropologist, widely considered one of the most important 20th-century anthropologists * Bronislava Nijinska, a Russian dancer, choreographe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Włodzimierz Muś
Włodzimierz may refer to the following : People * Włodzimierz (given name), a Polish variant of the (East) Slavic name Vladimir Places and jurisdictions * Włodzimierz, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) * Włodzimierz, Łask County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) * Włodzimierz, Radomsko County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) * Volodymyr-Volynskyi in Volyn Oblast (Western Ukraine) formerly known as Włodzimierz ołyński* Włodzimierz Voivodeship (1793) * the former Roman Catholic Diocese of Włodzimierz (as Polish for Lodomeria alias Vladimir) See also * Vladimir (name) Vladimir (russian: Влади́мир) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin, widespread throughout all Slavic nations in different forms and spellings. The earliest record of a person with the name is knyaz Vladimir of Bulgaria. Etymolo ... {{DEFAULTSORT:Wlodzimierz es:Vladimiro ku:Vladîmîr sk:Vladimír ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juliusz Hibner
Juliusz Hibner (real name Dawid Szwarc; 11 October 1912 – 13 November 1994) was a brigadier general in the Polish People's Army and recipient of the title of Hero of Soviet Union. He also served as the commander of the Internal Security Corps and later became a nuclear physicist. Early life Hibner was born in a poor Jewish family. His father joined the Zarudzia Region Council organized by the Bolsheviks during the Polish-Soviet War. In 1931, Hibner graduated from a gymnasium in Ternopil and in the summer of the same year, he joined the Young Communist League of Western Ukraine (KZMZU), an autonomous section of the Union of Polish Youth, where he was active in the propaganda division. He also continued his activity with KZMZU during his studies at the Polytechnic University in Lwów, where he started studying in 1932, but he did not graduate. In 1933 he returned to Ternopil, where he continued his activity in KZMZU, acting for the benefit of Communist Party of Western Ukraine. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konrad Świetlik
Konrad is a German (with variants ''Kunz'' and ''Kunze'') given name and surname that means "bold counselor" and may refer to: People Given name Surname *Alexander Konrad (1890–1940), Russian explorer *Antoine Konrad (born 1975), birth name of DJ Antoine, Swiss DJ *Carina Konrad (born 1982), German politician *Christoph Werner Konrad (born 1957), German politician *Edmond Konrad (1909–1997), Rear Admiral, United States Navy *Franz Konrad (racing driver) (born 1951), Austrian racing driver *Franz Konrad (SS officer) (1906–1952), German SS officer executed for war crimes *Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852–1925), Chief of the General Staff of the Austro-Hungarian Army at outbreak of World War I *Franz Konrad von Rodt (1706–1775), Bishop of Constance *György Konrád (1933–2019), Hungarian writer *Rudolf Konrad (1891–1964), German general during World War II *Michaela Konrad (born 1972), Austrian artist *Otto Konrad (born 1964), Austrian football player *Paul Konrad (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolesław Kieniewicz
Bolesław Kieniewicz (russian: Болеслав Альбинович Кеневич; 21 November 19073 May 1969) was a Red Army Lieutenant general who served in the Polish People's Army during World War II and in post-war commanded the Internal Security Corps in the Polish People's Republic. Early life Kieniewicz was born on 1907 in the village of Dvorets in Minsk Governorate, to a family of Polish nobility. During the October Revolution of 1917, Kieniewicz's parents were murdered and the family property was devastated. In the aftermath of the revolution, Kieniewicz and his sisters found themselves in Russian SFSR, where he went to an orphanage while his sisters moved to Saratov and Solovetsky Islands. Military career At the end of the seventh grade of school in 1921, he voluntarily entered into the Red Army and worked as a courier for the supply department of the North Caucasian Military District. In 1923, he left from the army and worked at a construction site in Saratov. In Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henryk Toruńczyk
Col. Henryk Torunczyk, born in Włocławek, (1909–1966) was a Polish soldier. He later volunteered to fight with the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War. He was sometime commander of the Naftali Botwin Company; Chief of Staff of XIII International Brigade and leader of an ''International Unit'' formed in January 1939 from a rump of Brigade veterans who remained in Spain after demoblisation. They crossed the border in Spain on about 9 January 1939 He later became a partisan. From 1943 he was instrumental in forming the Samodzielny Batalion Szturmowy.Ryszard Terlecki, Miecz i tarcza komunizmu. Historia aparatu bezpieczeństwa w Polsce 1944-1990, Kraków 2007, s. 10. In 1945 he was briefly commanding officer of the Polish Internal Security Corps. He is also called: Henrik Torunczyk and Henrik Tourunczyk. See also * Hugh Thomas, ''The Spanish Civil War'', 4th Rev. Ed. 2001. *Antony Beevor Sir Antony James Beevor, (born 14 December 1946) is a British military hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
