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Ingrid Kristiansen
Ingrid Kristiansen (née Christensen on 21 March 1956) is a Norwegian former athlete. She was one of the best female long-distance runners during the 1980s. She is a former world record holder in the 5000 metres, 10,000 metres and the marathon (at one point in time she held those records simultaneously). Kristiansen was a World Champion on the track, roads and cross-country, becoming the first athlete to win World titles on all three surfaces. At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, she finished fourth in the first women's Olympic marathon. At the 1988 Seoul Olympics, she dropped out of the 10,000 metres final while leading.Ingrid Kristiansen
. sports-reference.com

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Zaandam
Zaandam () is a city in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is the main city of the municipality of Zaanstad, and received City rights in the Netherlands, city rights in 1811. It is located on the river Zaan, just north of Amsterdam. The statistical district Zaandam, which covers the city and the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 76,804.Municipality of Zaanstad, ''Zaanstad in cijfers' As of 1 January 2017. Zaandam was a separate municipality until 1974, when it became a part of the new municipality of Zaanstad. History The history of Zaandam (formerly called ''Saenredam'') and the surrounding Zaan River region (the Zaanstreek) is intimately tied to industry. In the Dutch Golden Age, Zaandam served as a large milling centre. Thousands of windmills powered saws that processed Scandinavian wood for the shipbuilding and paper industries. A statue that commemorates this industry was commissioned from sculptor Slavomir Miletić ...
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1986 European Athletics Championships
The 14th European Athletics Championships were held from 26 to 31 August 1986 at the Neckarstadion, now known as Mercedes-Benz Arena, in Stuttgart, a city in West Germany. Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald. Men's results Complete results were published. Track 1978 , 1982 , 1986 , 1990 , 1994 Field 1978 , 1982 , 1986 , 1990 , 1994 Women's results Track 1978 , 1982 , 1986 , 1990 , 1994 Field 1978 , 1982 , 1986 , 1990 , 1994 All the medals All the medals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1dLKh0aH1U&list=PLK1QYHf4OvhN6ydKbmo2wLecwCOef15SL Medal table Participation According to an unofficial count, 878 athletes from 31 countries participated in the event, 28 athletes less than the official number of 906 as published. * (17) * (20) * (34) * (6) * (29) * (17) * (65) * (31) * (59) * (1) * (6) * (24) * (3) * (12) * (47) * (2) * (2) * (1) * (16) * (30) * (34) * (21) * (16) * (98) * ...
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1985 London Marathon
The 1985 London Marathon was the fifth running of the annual marathon race in London, United Kingdom, which took place on Sunday, 21 April. The elite men's race was won by home athlete Steve Jones (runner), Steve Jones in a time of 2:08:16 hours and the women's race was won by Norway's Ingrid Kristiansen in 2:21:06. Kristiansen's time was a marathon world record, knocking over a minute and a half off Joan Benoit's previous mark. In the wheelchair races, Britain's Chris Hallam (2:19:53) and Ireland's Kay McShane (2:47:12) set course records in the men's and women's divisions, respectively. Around 83,000 people applied to enter the race, of which 22,274 had their applications accepted and 17,500 started the race. A total of 15,873 runners finished the race.Stats and Figures
. London Marathon. Retrieved 2020 ...
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1988 Summer Olympics
The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and commonly known as Seoul 1988 ( ko, 서울 1988, Seoul Cheon gubaek palsip-pal), was an international multi-sport event held from 17 September to 2 October 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. 159 nations were represented at the games by a total of 8,391 athletes (6,197 men and 2,194 women). 237 events were held and 27,221 volunteers helped to prepare the Olympics. The 1988 Seoul Olympics were the second summer Olympic Games held in Asia and the first held in South Korea. As the host country, South Korea ranked fourth overall, winning 12 gold medals and 33 medals in the competition. 11,331 media (4,978 written press and 6,353 broadcasters) showed the Games all over the world. These were the last Olympic Games of the Cold War, as well as for the Soviet Union and East Germany, as both ceased to exist before the next Olympic Games in 1992. The Soviet Union dominated the medal count, winning 55 gold and ...
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Athletics At The 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's Marathon
The Women's Marathon at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California (United States) was held on August 5, 1984. It was the first time a women's marathon had been held at the Olympic Games. The 50 competitors came from 28 countries. 44 finished the race. The world record holder Joan Benoit of the United States won the gold medal, with the silver medal going to the 1983 World champion Grete Waitz of Norway, and bronze to Rosa Mota of Portugal. Strategically, the race was notable for Benoit making a bold move in only the third mile of the race, despite the August heat. The rest of the field did not try to keep pace with her, and Benoit maintained her lead all the way to finish, defeating Waitz by more than a minute. The race was also notable for Gabriela Andersen-Schiess from Switzerland, who entered the stadium for the final lap in a state of almost total exhaustion, barely able to walk but eventually completing the race, collapsing at the finishing line and being im ...
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Athletics At The 1984 Summer Olympics
At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, 41 events in athletics Athletics may refer to: Sports * Sport of athletics, a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking ** Track and field, a sub-category of the above sport * Athletics (physical culture), competi ... were contested. There were a total number of 1273 participating athletes from 124 countries. Women's marathon, women's 3000 meters, and women's 400 meters hurdles debuted at these Games. Medal table Medal summary Men Women * * Athletes who ran in preliminary round and also received medals. See also * Athletics at the Friendship Games * 1984 in athletics (track and field) References External links Athletics Australia {{Athletics at the Summer Olympics 1984 Summer Olympics events O 1984 International track and field competitions hosted by the United States ...
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Cross Country Running
Cross country running is a sport in which teams and individuals run a race on open-air courses over natural terrain such as dirt or grass. The course, typically long, may include surfaces of grass and earth, pass through woodlands and open country, and include hills, flat ground and sometimes gravel road and minor obstacles. It is both an individual and a team sport; runners are judged on individual times and teams by a points-scoring method. Both men and women of all ages compete in cross country, which usually takes place during autumn and winter, and can include weather conditions of rain, sleet, snow or hail, and a wide range of temperatures. Cross country running is one of the disciplines under the umbrella sport of athletics and is a natural-terrain version of long-distance track and road running. Although open-air running competitions are prehistoric, the rules and traditions of cross country racing emerged in Britain. The English championship became the first national ...
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Road Running
Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road. This differs from track and field on a regular track and cross country running over natural terrain. These events are usually classified as long-distance according to athletics terminology, with races typically ranging from 5 kilometers to 42.2 kilometers in the marathon. They may involve large numbers of runners or wheelchair entrants. The four most common IAAF recognized distances for road running events are 5K runs, 10K runs, half marathons and marathons. Running on the road is an alternative surface to running on a trail, track, or treadmill. For many people looking to participate in running as an activity or sport, there are multiple opportunities that can be found on the road. Road running is one of several forms of road racing, which also includes road bicycle racing and motor vehicle road racing. IAAF The international governing body for road racing is the IAAF. The IAAF aims t ...
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Running Track
An all-weather running track is a rubberized, artificial running surface for track and field athletics. It provides a consistent surface for competitors to test their athletic ability unencumbered by adverse weather conditions. Historically, various forms of dirt, Rocks, sand, and crushed cinders were used. Many examples of these varieties of track still exist worldwide. Surfaces Starting in the late 1950s, artificial surfaces using a combination of rubber and asphalt began to appear. An artificial warm-up track was constructed for the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. During the 1960s many of these tracks were constructed; examples still exist today. In the mid-1960s Tartan tracks were developed, surfaced with a product by 3M. The name ''Tartan'' is a trademark, but it is sometimes used as a genericized trademark. This process was the first to commercialize a polyurethane surface for running tracks, though it was originally conceived for horse racing. Many T ...
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Marathon
The marathon is a long-distance foot race with a distance of , usually run as a road race, but the distance can be covered on trail routes. The marathon can be completed by running or with a run/walk strategy. There are also wheelchair divisions. More than 800 marathons are held throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes, as larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants. The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896. The distance did not become standardized until 1921. The distance is also included in the World Athletics Championships, which began in 1983. It is the only running road race included in both championship competitions (walking races on the roads are also contested in both). History Origin The name ''Marathon'' comes from the legend of Philippides (or Pheidippides), the Greek messenger. The legend states that, while he was taking part in the Battle of Marathon, whi ...
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10,000 Metres
The 10,000 metres or the 10,000-metre run is a common long-distance track running event. The event is part of the athletics programme at the Olympic Games and the World Athletics Championships, and is common at championship level events. The race consists of 25 laps around an Olympic-sized track. It is less commonly held at track and field meetings, due to its duration. The 10,000-metre track race is usually distinguished from its road running counterpart, the 10K run, by its reference to the distance in metres rather than kilometres. The 10,000 metres is the longest standard track event, approximately equivalent to or . Most of those running such races also compete in road races and cross country events. Added to the Olympic programme in 1912, athletes from Finland, nicknamed the "Flying Finns", dominated the event until the late 1940s. In the 1960s, African runners began to come to the fore. In 1988, the women's competition debuted in the Olympic Games. Official records ar ...
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5000 Metres
The 5000 metres or 5000-metre run is a common long-distance running event in track and field, approximately equivalent to or . It is one of the track events in the Olympic Games and the World Championships in Athletics, run over laps of a standard track. The same distance in road running is called a 5K run; referring to the distance in metres rather than kilometres serves to disambiguate the two events. The 5000 m has been present on the Olympic programme since 1912 for men and since 1996 for women. Prior to 1996, women had competed in an Olympic 3000 metres race since 1984. The 5000 m has been held at each of the World Championships in Athletics in men's competition and since 1995 in women's. The event is almost the same length as the dolichos race held at the Ancient Olympic Games, introduced in 720 BCE. World Athletics keeps official records for both outdoor and indoor 5000-metre track events. 3 miles The 5000 metres is the (slightly longer) approximate m ...
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