Independent Professional Wrestling Alliance
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Independent Professional Wrestling Alliance
The Independent Professional Wrestling Alliance (IPWA, sometimes shortened to the Independent Pro Wrestling Alliance) was an American independent professional wrestling promotion that held events in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States, especially in the Carolinas and Virginia, from October 1995 to February 2001, when it was run by Cueball Carmichael and Kevin Carson. The promotion was based in Chincoteague Island, Virginia, with offices in Alexandria and Fairfax, Virginia. It was the first successful independent promotion in the region, along with W.D. Woody's Ultimate Championship Wrestling, rivaling long-running territory-era promoters Mike and Denny Million (All-American Wrestling), Bob Ross (American Championship Wrestling), and James Wells (North American Wrestling Alliance) during the mid-to late 1990s. The promotion featured a number of independent stars during its six years in operation including Johnny Gunn, Jimmy Cicero, Lance Diamond, Corporal Punishment, ...
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Glossary Of Professional Wrestling Terms
Professional wrestling has accrued a considerable amount of jargon throughout its existence. Much of it stems from the industry's origins in the days of carnivals and circuses. In the past, professional wrestlers used such terms in the presence of fans so as not to reveal the nature of the business. Into the 21st century, widespread discussion on the Internet has popularized these terms. Many of the terms refer to the financial aspects of professional wrestling in addition to in-ring terms. A B C D E F G H I J K L M mic work, mic skills, microphone work The ability to generate reaction from the audience using words, and generally by speak ...
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Frank Parker (wrestler)
Death & Destruction was a professional wrestling tag team composed of Frank "The Tank" Parker (March 21, 1970) and "Ruthless" Roger Anderson (September 20, 1967). They competed in numerous regional and independent promotions throughout the Southern United States in the 1990s, and were arguably one of the region's top "heel" teams during this period. In their seven years as a team, Parker and Anderson competed in Atlantic Coast Championship Wrestling, Cueball Carmichael's Independent Professional Wrestling Alliance, National Wrestling Alliance, North American Wrestling Association, OMEGA, Southern Championship Wrestling, Southern States Wrestling, Virginia Championship Wrestling, and the United States Wrestling Association. They also occasionally appeared in the World Wrestling Federation during the "Attitude Era". The two men won numerous tag titles and, among their list of accomplishments, were the first-ever IPWA Tag Team Champions, winning the title a record 3-times, former ...
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Battle Royal (professional Wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a battle royal (sometimes battle royale; plural battles royal or battle royals) is a multi-competitor Professional wrestling match types, match type in which wrestlers are eliminated until one is left and declared the winner. Typical battles royal begin with a number of participants in the Wrestling ring, ring, who are then eliminated by going over the top rope and having both feet touch the venue floor. Variations Battlebowl In a two-ring variation on a battle royal, the wrestlers start in one ring and try to throw wrestlers into the second ring, after which they can be eliminated by being thrown out of that ring. The last remaining wrestler in the first ring can rest until only one wrestler is left in the second ring, after which they fight in both rings until one is eliminated and a winner is declared, in similar fashion to a double elimination tournament. The two-version was held in World Championship Wrestling's 1991 Starrcade (1991), Starrcade eve ...
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Manassas, Virginia
Manassas (), formerly Manassas Junction, is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. The population was 42,772 at the 2020 Census. It is the county seat of Prince William County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. Manassas borders the independent city of Manassas Park, Virginia. The Bureau of Economic Analysis includes both Manassas and Manassas Park with Prince William County for statistical purposes. Manassas contains several historic sites dating from 1850 to 1870. Manassas surrounds the county courthouse, which is located on county property. Manassas is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area and is in the Northern Virginia region. History In July 1861, the First Battle of Bull Run—also known as the Battle of First Manassas —was fought nearby, the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Manassas commemorated its 150th anniversary on July 21–24, 2011. The Second Battle o ...
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Virginia National Guard
The Virginia National Guard consists of the Virginia Army National Guard and the Virginia Air National Guard. It is part of the Government of Virginia though the National Guard across the United States is mostly funded by the federal government. The National Guard is the only United States military force empowered to function in a state status. Those functions range from limited actions during non-emergency situations to full scale law enforcement of martial law when local law enforcement officials can no longer maintain civil control. The National Guard may be called into federal service in response to a call by the President of the United States, President or United States Congress, Congress, in accordance with Title 10 of the United States Code. Many states also maintain their own military forces. These forces are federally recognized, but are separate from the United States National Guard Bureau and are not meant to be federalized, but rather service the state exclusively, es ...
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Christian York
Jason Spence (born April 13, 1977) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, Christian York. He is best known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling, Extreme Championship Wrestling and Impact Wrestling. Championships held by York over the course of his career include the NWA World Tag Team Championship as one-half of The Bad Street Boys with Joey Matthews. Professional wrestling career Early career (1996–1999) Spence trained under Cueball Carmichael and Jimmy Cicero in the IPWA Training School and had his in ring debut at the age of 19 on December 7, 1996, in Middleport, Ohio in a 30-minute Hardcore Ironman match against Joey Matthews. Adopting the name "Christian York", Spence wrestled for the Organization of Modern Extreme Grappling Arts (OMEGA), Southern Championship Wrestling, Steel City Wrestling, and numerous other independent promotions across the country. In OMEGA, York formed a stable known as the "Badstreet Boys", with Joey M ...
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Joey Matthews
Adam Birch (born July 18, 1979), better known by the ring names Joey Mercury and Joey Matthews, is an American professional wrestler who is best known for his two tenures in WWE. Birch was most recently signed to Ring of Honor, where he worked as a producer, trainer, and member of the creative team. Birch was trained by fellow wrestler Jimmy Cicero and made his wrestling debut in October 1996, using the name Joey Matthews as he wrestled in ECW Extreme Championship Wrestling. The following year, he began competing for Mid-Eastern Wrestling Federation (MEWF), where he began competing in tag team competition and captured the MEWF Tag Team Championship, alongside Christian York. Throughout the late-1990s, Birch competed in various independent promotions, where he and York continued to work as a team. It was also during that time that he won various championships in singles and tag team competition. In 2004, Birch signed with WWE and was assigned to their developmental territory O ...
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The Bad Street Boys
The Bad Street Boys was a professional wrestling tag team in the independent circuit. It was initially formed as a stable, consisting of Gregory Helms, Shannon Moore, Joey Matthews and Christian York. The stable later became a tag team when Helms and Moore were signed by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), reducing the members to York and Matthews. History Independent circuit (1997-1999) In 1997, four young indy wrestlers Gregory Helms, Shannon Moore, Joey Matthews and Christian York formed a stable Badstreet Boys that wrestled in many independent promotions, including Organization of Modern Extreme Grappling Arts (OMEGA). York and Matthews would often team up with each other and won the Mid-Eastern Wrestling Federation (MEWF) Tag Team Championship on October 23, 1997, defeating Steve Corino and Jimmy Cicero and fellow challengers Mark Schrader and Corporal Punishment in a Three Way Match. On November 13, York and Matthews were beaten for the titles by Jimmy Cicero an ...
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Otto Schwanz
William Murray Happer (born October 4, 1972) is an American professional wrestler and trainer, best known by his ring name Otto Schwanz. He competed primarily in the Carolinas since the mid-2000s, and has wrestled for many promotions including CWF Mid-Atlantic, Cueball Carmichael's Independent Pro Wrestling Alliance, OMEGA, and Southern Championship Wrestling. From 1998 to 2003, Happer was also a member of The Dupps, along with kayfabe "cousins" Jack and Puck Dupp, wrestling as Bo DuppPro Wrestling Illustrated. "Statistics for Professional Wrestlers." ''PWI 2001 Wrestling Almanac and Book of Facts''. Vol. IV. No. 1. Fort Washington, Pennsylvania: London Publishing Co., 2001. (pg. 41) in Extreme Championship Wrestling, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, and World Wrestling Entertainment. While under a developmental contract with WWE, Happer also competed under his real name until being released in 2001. Outside of pro wrestling, Happer is an educator and instructor in high school a ...
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World Wrestling Federation
World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc., d/b/a as WWE, is an American professional wrestling promotion. A global integrated media and entertainment company, WWE has also branched out into other fields, including film, American football, and various other business ventures. The company is additionally involved in licensing its intellectual property to companies to produce video games and action figures. The promotion was founded in 1953 as the Capitol Wrestling Corporation. It is the largest wrestling promotion in the world with its main roster divided up into two primary touring groups, along with a developmental roster based in Orlando, Florida (referred to by WWE as "brands"). Overall, WWE is available in more than 1 billion homes worldwide in 30 languages. The company's global headquarters is located in Stamford, Connecticut, with offices in New York, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Mumbai, Shanghai, Singapore, Dubai and Munich. As in other professional wrestling promotions, WWE sh ...
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Thrasher (wrestler)
Glenn Ruth (born June 13, 1969) is an American professional wrestler, better known by the ring name, Thrasher. For much of his career he has teamed with Mosh, most famously as The Headbangers, a pair of metal-heads known for their outrageous costumes such as nose rings and kilts. Thrasher is best known for his stints in the World Wrestling Federation between 1990 and 2000, where he held the WWF World Tag Team Championship and WWF Hardcore Championship. Professional wrestling career Early career (1990–1996) Ruth grew up in South Jersey. He trained as a wrestler under Larry Sharpe and debuted in 1990 as The Spider. He later became Sharpe's assistant and helped train wrestlers including Big Show and his future tag team partner Mosh at Sharpe's "Monster Factory" professional wrestling school. Worked in New Jersey, for the National Wrestling Alliance. In 1991, Ruth wrestled as Frankie Favorite for All Japan Pro Wrestling. In Japan he would occasionally teamed up with Johnny Fa ...
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Mosh (wrestler)
Charles Warrington (born May 28, 1971) is an American professional wrestler best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation. He is currently performing under the ring name Mosh as one-half of the tag team The Headbangers along with Thrasher. Professional wrestling career Early career (1992–1996) Warrington began training under Larry Sharpe and Glenn Ruth during the early 1990s; his earliest entrance theme was a montage of him driving a Yugo down the sidewalks of Winding Way Road in Stratford, New Jersey. In 1993 he would make several appearances in the World Wrestling Federation as an enhancement talent (under the name Chaz Ware). In 1994, he teamed up with his co-trainer Glenn Ruth. He and Ruth, working as the masked team "the Spiders" lost to Axel and Ian Rotten in ECW. Wrestling under a variety of names and gimmicks. Between 1995 and 1996, the Spiders would later change their gimmick and became the Headbangers working for Smoky Mountain Wrestling, independent circ ...
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