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Ignác Acsády
Ignác Acsády (September 9, 1845 – December 17, 1906) was a Jewish-Hungarian historian, journalist, and fiction writer. Life Acsády was born on September 9, 1845 in Nagykároly, Hungary. His last name was originally Adler until he changed it in 1875. His father was a wealthy landowner who served as head of the Jewish community in Hajdúszoboszló for 30 years and as a member of the board of Hajdú County. Acsády attended school in Nagykároly, Debrecen, and Budapest and received his high school diploma in 1866. He initially wanted to be a lawyer, so he stayed in the capital to study law. He received a law degree from the University of Budapest in 1869 and a doctorate from there in 1877, but due to his interest in humanities he decided against a career in law. He began working as a journalist for ''Századunk'', a liberal political daily, in 1869. A year later, he joined the staff of the Budapest newspaper ''Pesti Napló''. While working there, he translated Leopold von ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carei
Carei (; , ; /, yi, , ) is a city in Satu Mare County, northwestern Romania, near the border with Hungary. The city administers one village, Ianculești ( hu, Szentjánosmajor). History The first mention of the city under the name of "Karul" dates from 1320, and as "Károly" in 1325, however, the city is known to have existed since 1264, as it was the domain of the Kaplony clan and the center of the Károlyi family's personal domain that settled in the region shortly after the arrival of the Hungarians. The name of the city comes from the word "karul" (in modern Hungarian "karvaly"). The etymology of the word can be traced back to the ancient Turkish language, the word meaning sparrow. Another theory is that the city was named after the Károlyi family. King Louis I of Hungary permitted the organization of weekly market gatherings on Saturdays in Carei in 1346, as a result of the military achievements of the Károlyi family. The development of regional trade in the region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferenc Deák (politician)
Ferenc Deák de Kehida (archaically English: Francis Deak, hr, Franjo Deák; 17 October 180328 January 1876) was a Hungarian statesman and Minister of Justice. He was known as "The Wise Man of the Nation" and one of the greatest figures of Hungary's liberal movement. He was an instrumental contributor to a number of major events in Hungarian history, including passing and support of the April laws, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and the Hungarian Nationalities Law (1868). While generally supporting reformist policies, he was well recognized for finding and negotiating reasonable middle ground compromises between various extremist political factions throughout his career. Early life and law career Born in Söjtör in the county of Zala, in southwestern Hungary, Deák belonged to an ancient noble family. His father was Ferenc Deák de Kehida (1761–1808), jurist, landowner, chief magistrate of the district (''főszolgabíró'') of Kapornak. His mother was the noble l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treccani
The ''Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere e Arti'' (Italian for "Italian Encyclopedia of Science, Letters, and Arts"), best known as ''Treccani'' for its developer Giovanni Treccani or ''Enciclopedia Italiana'', is an Italian-language encyclopaedia. The publication ''Encyclopaedias: Their History Throughout The Ages'' regards it as one of the greatest encyclopaedias along with the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' and others. History The first edition was published serially between 1929 and 1936. In all, 35 volumes were published, plus one index volume. The set contained 60,000 articles and 50 million words. Each volume is approximately 1,015 pages, and 37 supplementary volumes were published between 1938 and 2015. The director was Giovanni Gentile and redactor-in-chief . Most of the articles are signed with the initials of the author. An essay credited to Benito Mussolini entitled "The Doctrine of Fascism" was included in the 1932 edition of the encyclopedia, although it w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Graetz
Heinrich Graetz (; 31 October 1817 – 7 September 1891) was amongst the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective. Born Tzvi Hirsch Graetz to a butcher family in Xions (now Książ Wielkopolski), Grand Duchy of Posen, in Prussia (now in Poland), he attended Breslau University, but since Jews at that time were barred from receiving Ph.D.s there, he obtained his doctorate from the University of Jena.''Encyclopaedia Judaica'' (2007, 2nd ed.) entry on "Graetz, Heinrich," by Shmuel Ettinger and Marcus Pyka After 1845 he was principal of the school of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbert Spencer
Herbert Spencer (27 April 1820 – 8 December 1903) was an English philosopher, psychologist, biologist, anthropologist, and sociologist famous for his hypothesis of social Darwinism. Spencer originated the expression "survival of the fittest", which he coined in ''Principles of Biology'' (1864) after reading Charles Darwin's 1859 book ''On the Origin of Species''. The term strongly suggests natural selection, yet Spencer saw evolution as extending into realms of sociology and ethics, so he also supported Lamarckism. Riggenbach, Jeff (24 April 2011The Real William Graham Sumner, Mises Institute. Spencer developed an all-embracing conception of evolutionism, evolution as the progressive development of the physical world, biological organisms, the human mind, and human culture and societies. As a polymath, he contributed to a wide range of subjects, including ethics, religion, anthropology, economics, political theory, philosophy, literature, astronomy, biology, sociology, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Positivism
Positivism is an empiricist philosophical theory that holds that all genuine knowledge is either true by definition or positive—meaning ''a posteriori'' facts derived by reason and logic from sensory experience.John J. Macionis, Linda M. Gerber, ''Sociology'', Seventh Canadian Edition, Pearson Canada Other ways of knowing, such as theology, metaphysics, intuition, or introspection, are rejected or considered meaningless. Although the positivist approach has been a recurrent theme in the history of western thought, modern positivism was first articulated in the early 19th century by Auguste Comte.. His school of sociological positivism holds that society, like the physical world, operates according to general laws. After Comte, positivist schools arose in logic, psychology, economics, historiography, and other fields of thought. Generally, positivists attempted to introduce scientific methods to their respective fields. Since the turn of the 20th century, positivism has de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Comte
Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte (; 19 January 1798 – 5 September 1857) was a French philosopher and writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism. He is often regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term. Comte's ideas were also fundamental to the development of sociology; indeed, he invented the term and treated that discipline as the crowning achievement of the sciences. Influenced by Henri de Saint-Simon, Comte's work attempted to remedy the social disorder caused by the French Revolution, which he believed indicated imminent transition to a new form of society. He sought to establish a new social doctrine based on science, which he labelled 'positivism'. He had a major impact on 19th-century thought, influencing the work of social thinkers such as John Stuart Mill and George Eliot. His concept of ''Sociologie'' and social evolutionism set the tone for early social theorists and anthropologists such as Harriet Martineau an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiszaeszlár Affair
The Tiszaeszlár Affair was originally a murder case which was represented in journals as a blood libel that led to a trial that set off anti-semitic agitation in Austria-Hungary in 1882 and 1883. After the disappearance of a local girl, Eszter Solymosi, Jews were accused of murdering and beheading her. A body was found some time later in a river, she having apparently drowned, but the Hungarian Highest Court (Kúria) found that the body was not that of Eszter, but had been dressed in her clothes. A lengthy trial followed, eventually resulting in the acquittal of all the accused. Origin of the accusation On April 1, 1882, Eszter Solymosi, a 14-year-old Christian peasant girl who was a servant in the home of András Huri in Tiszaeszlár, a Hungarian village situated on the Tisza river, was sent on an errand from which she did not return. After a fruitless search, a rumor was circulated that the girl had become a victim of Jewish religious fanaticism. The origin of the rumours w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Az Athenaeum Kézi Lexikona
Az Athenaeum kézi lexikona, in English: ''Handbook of the Athenaeum'', subtitled ''The Encyclopaedia of Science with Special Reference to Hungary'' was a two-volume general lexicon in the Hungarian language that was first published at the end of 19th century. Description The work was, published in 1892–1893 by Athenaeum Irodalmi és Nyomdai Rt.. It had a total length of about 1,900 pages (more precisely, 3,840 large 8 ° columns) . The cover of the volumes has an ornate design, similar to the large lexicon of Pallas, which appeared almost at the same time. According to a contemporary book review, the volumes were edited by the historian Ignác Acsády. It listed what was considered to be all branches of human knowledge: * literature * history * law and political science * economics and finance * philosophy * geography * natural history * natural science * astronomy * chemistry * medicine * military sciences * music * sport ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Academy Of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its main responsibilities are the cultivation of science, dissemination of scientific findings, supporting research and development, and representing Hungarian science domestically and around the world. History The history of the academy began in 1825 when Count István Széchenyi offered one year's income of his estate for the purposes of a ''Learned Society'' at a district session of the Diet in Pressburg (Pozsony, present Bratislava, seat of the Hungarian Parliament at the time), and his example was followed by other delegates. Its task was specified as the development of the Hungarian language and the study and propagation of the sciences and the arts in Hungarian. It received its current name in 1845. Its central building was inaugurate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galician Jews
Galician Jews or Galitzianers () are members of the subgroup of Ashkenazi Jews originating in the levant having developed in the diaspora of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, from contemporary western Ukraine (Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, and Ternopil) and from south-eastern Poland ( Subcarpathian and Lesser Poland). Galicia proper, which was inhabited by Ruthenians, Poles and Jews, became a royal province within Austria-Hungary after the Partitions of Poland in the late 18th century. Galician Jews primarily spoke Yiddish. Demographics In the modern period, Jews were the third most numerous ethnic group in Galicia, after Poles and Ruthenians. At the time that Galicia was annexed by Austria (i.e. the Habsburg monarchy), in 1772, there were approximately 150,000 to 200,000 Jews residing there, comprising 5–6.5% of the total population; by 1857 the Jewish population had risen to 449,000, or 9.6% of the total population.Manekin, Rachel (2 November 2010).Galicia" Translate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dezső Szilágyi
Dezső Szilágyi (1 April 1840 – 30 July 1901) was a Hungarian politician and jurist, who served as Minister of Justice between 1889 and 1895. Biography Szilágyi was born at Nagyvárad (today: ''Oradea, Romania'') in the Kingdom of Hungary. He studied law at Budapest, Vienna, and in Germany, and early attracted attention with his articles on law and politics. As head of a section in the Ministry of Justice of Hungary, he traveled on a commission from his government to England to study there the conditions of the administration of justice, of which he had a knowledge then equaled by few. Brought up wholly in Liberal ideas, Szilágyi took a conspicuous part in the codification work of the Ministry of Justice. Deputy in 1871, professor of public law and politics at Budapest University in 1874, he was in 1877 one of the leaders of the opposition, which, however, he left in 1886. In 1887 he was returned to parliament by Pozsony (Pressburg) as an independent member. He became Min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
