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Idealism (Turkey)
Idealism or Goalism ( tr, Ülkücülük, Ülkücü düşünce) is the name of Alparslan Türkeş and the Nationalist Movement Party lines, as a principle of the Nine Lights Doctrine. Origin The origins of the name go back to the terms "''millî mefkure (ülkü)''" used by Ziya Gökalp and "''millî ülkü''" used by Nihal Atsız and Pan-Turkists. 1950–1953 it was used by Turkish Nationalists Association during its years. ''Ülkü'' means "ideal" in terms of the word meaning. ''Ülkücülük'' is the equivalent of "idealism". On 3 May 1944, a large group protested the prosecution of Nihal Atsız in Istanbul as well as in Ankara and his friends marched from the Ankara courthouse to Ulus square. Although the Turkism movement was a national policy in the state levels during the time of Atatürk, it begins with this event that it became a mass idea. See also * Alparslan Türkeş * Nationalist Movement Party * Nationalist Turkey Party * Grey Wolves * Hüseyin Nihal Atsız ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alparslan Türkeş
Alparslan Türkeş (; 25 November 1917 – 4 April 1997) was a Turkish politician, who was the founder and president of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and the Grey Wolves ''(Ülkü Ocakları)''. He represented the far-right of the Turkish political spectrum. He was and still is called ''Başbuğ'' ("Leader") by his devotees. Early life Türkeş was born in Nicosia, British Cyprus, to a Turkish Cypriot family in 1917. His birth name is disputed, some claiming that it is Hüseyin Feyzullah, while MHP claims it is Ali Arslan. His paternal great-grandfather had emigrated to Cyprus from Kayseri, Ottoman Empire, in the 1860s. His father, Ahmet Hamdi Bey, was from Tuzla, near Famagusta, and his mother, Fatma Zehra Hanım, was from Larnaca. However, in an interview with the scholar Fatma Müge Göçek the journalist Hrant Dink claimed that Türkeş was of Armenian descent, an orphan originally from Sivas who was later adopted by a Muslim couple from Cyprus. In 1932, with fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Movement Party
The Nationalist Movement Party (alternatively translated as Nationalist Action Party; tr, Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP) is a Turkish far-right and ultranationalist political party. The group is often described as neo-fascist, and has been linked to some violent paramilitaries and organized crime groups. The party is represented by 48 MPs in the Turkish Parliament which support the AKP government. Its leader is Devlet Bahçeli. The party was formed in 1969 by former Turkish Army colonel Alparslan Türkeş, who had become leader of the Republican Villagers Nation Party (CKMP) in 1965. The party mainly followed a Pan-Turkist and Turkish nationalist political agenda throughout the latter half of the 20th century. Devlet Bahçeli took over after Türkeş's death in 1997. The party's youth wing is the Grey Wolves (''Bozkurtlar'') organization, which is also known as the "Nationalist Hearths" (''Ülkü Ocakları'') which contributed to the political violence in Turkey in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nine Lights Doctrine
The Nine Lights Doctrine refers to an ideology introduced by Alparslan Türkeş, Alparslan Turkeş, the founder of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) of Turkey. Precepts Each of the lights is presented as a precept "good-for-everybody". The nine lights are as follows: * Patriotism: (also known as Turkish nationalism, Nationalism) Everything is for the Turkish people, Turkish nation, together with the Turkish nation and according to the Turkish nation, which can be summed up in words, is loyalty to the Turkish nation, love and loyalty and service to the Turkish state. * Idealism (Turkey), Idealism: To adopt Turkish nationalism, Turkishness, pride and consciousness in line with Morality in Islam, Islamic morals and virtues. * Morality: The principles of preserving and developing the high existence of the Turkish nation in accordance with its Culture of Turkey, spirit, customs and traditions are called the principles of morality. * Altruism, Social mindedness: It is the view th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ziya Gökalp
Mehmet Ziya Gökalp (23 March 1876 – 25 October 1924) was a Turkish sociologist, writer, poet, and politician. After the 1908 Young Turk Revolution that reinstated constitutionalism in the Ottoman Empire, he adopted the pen name Gökalp ("celestial hero"), which he retained for the rest of his life. As a sociologist, Ziya Gökalp was influential in the negation of Islamism, pan-Islamism, and Ottomanism as ideological, cultural, and sociological identifiers. In a 1936 publication, sociologist Niyazi Berkes described Gökalp as "the real founder of Turkish sociology, since he was not a mere translator or interpreter of foreign sociology." Gökalp's work was particularly influential in shaping the reforms of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk; his influence figured prominently in the development of Kemalism, and its legacy in the modern Republic of Turkey. Influenced by contemporary European thought, particularly by the sociological view of Émile Durkheim, Gökalp rejected both the Ottoman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihal Atsız
Hüseyin Nihâl Atsız ( ota, حسين نيهال آتسز; January 12, 1905 – December 11, 1975) was a prominent Turkish ultranationalist writer, novelist, and poet. Nihâl Atsız self-identified as a racist, Pan-Turkist and Turanist. He was a critic of Islam in his later life, defining it as “a religion created by the Arabs, for Arabs”.Cenk SaraçoğluNihal Atsız's World-View and Its Influences on the Shared Symbols, Rituals, Myths and Practices of the Ülkücü Movement/ref> He was the author of over 30 books and numerous articles and was in strong opposition to the government of İsmet İnönü, which he criticized for co-operating with the communists. He was accused of being a sympathizer of the Nazi government and plotting to overthrow the Turkish government. Personal life Nihâl Atsız was born on January 12, 1905, at Kasımpaşa, Istanbul. His father was navy commander Mehmet Nail Bey, from the Çiftçioğlu family of Torul, Gümüşhane; and his mother was Fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pan-Turkism
Pan-Turkism is a political movement that emerged during the 1880s among Turkic intellectuals who lived in the Russian region of Kazan (Tatarstan), Caucasus (modern-day Azerbaijan) and the Ottoman Empire (modern-day Turkey), with its aim being the cultural and political unification of all Turkic peoples.Jacob M. Landau, "Radical Politics in Modern Turkey", BRILL, 1974. Turanism is a closely-related movement but it is a more general term, because Turkism only applies to Turkic peoples. However, researchers and politicians who are steeped in the Pan-Turkic ideology have used these terms interchangeably in many sources and works of literature.Iskander Gilyazov,Пантюрκизм, Пантуранизм и Германия", magazine "Татарстан" No 5-6, 1995. Although many of the Turkic peoples share historical, cultural and linguistic roots, the rise of a pan-Turkic political movement is a phenomenon of the 19th and 20th centuries. Ottoman poet Ziya Gökalp defined p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Nationalists Association
Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire * Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Turkey), 1299–1922, previously sometimes known as the Turkish Empire ** Ottoman Turkish, the Turkish language used in the Ottoman Empire * Turkish Airlines, an airline * Turkish music (style), a musical style of European composers of the Classical music era See also * * * Turk (other) * Turki (other) * Turkic (other) * Turkey (other) * Turkiye (other) * Turkish Bath (other) * Turkish population, the number of ethnic Turkish people in the world * Culture of Turkey * History of Turkey ** History of the Republic of Turkey The Republic of Turkey was created after the overthrow of Sultan Mehmet VI Vahdettin by the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulus Square
Ulus Square ( tr, Ulus Meydanı) is a square in Ankara, Turkey. "''Ulus''" is the Turkish word for "Nation". Geography The square is actually a crossroad of four streets at about . The boulevard to south is Atatürk Boulevard and the street to the north which is the continuation of Atatürk Boulevard is Çankırı Street. The street to the south west is Cumhuriyet Street and the street to the east is Anafartalar Street. ( Atatürk is the founder of modern Turkey, Çankırı is the name of a city to the north of Ankara, ''Cumhuriyet'' means Republic and Anfartalar was the location of a critical battle during the Gallipoli Campaign.) The only open area of the square is an area allocated to the Statue of Victory to the east of the square. History Before the formation of Republic of Turkey, Ankara was a typical Anatolian town. The only important trade center of Ankara was ''Taşhan'' (i.e., "Stone inn") which was built in 1880s. The neighborhood around Taşhan was also called Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Turkey Party
Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), Smith, Anthony. ''Nationalism: Theory, Ideology, History''. Polity, 2010. pp. 9, 25–30; especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty ( self-governance) over its homeland to create a nation-state. Nationalism holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference ( self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity, and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power. It further aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on a combination of shared social characteristics such as culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history, and to promote national unity or solida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grey Wolves (organization)
The Grey Wolves ( tr, Bozkurtlar), officially known by the short name Idealist Hearths ( tr, Ülkü Ocakları, ), is a Turkish far-right paramilitary organization and political movement affiliated with the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). Commonly described as ultra-nationalist, neo-fascist, and Islamonationalist, it is a youth organization that has been characterized as the MHP's paramilitary or militant wing. Its members deny its political nature and claim it to be a cultural and educational foundation, as per its full official name: Ülkü Ocakları Eğitim ve Kültür Vakfı ("Idealist Clubs Educational and Cultural Foundation"). Established by Colonel Alparslan Türkeş in the late 1960s, it rose to prominence during the late 1970s political violence in Turkey when its members engaged in urban guerrilla warfare with left-wing militants and activists. Scholars have described it as a death squad, responsible for most of the violence and killings in this period. Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hüseyin Nihal Atsız
Hussein, Hussain, Hossein, Hossain, Huseyn, Husayn, Husein or Husain (; ar, حُسَيْن ), coming from the triconsonantal root Ḥ-S-i-N ( ar, ح س ی ن, link=no), is an Arabic name which is the diminutive of Hassan, meaning "good", "handsome" or "beautiful". It is commonly given as a male given name, particularly among Shias. In Persian language contexts, the transliterations ''Ḥosayn, Hosayn,'' or ''Hossein'' are sometimes used. In the transliteration of Indo-Aryan languages, the forms "Hussain" or "Hossain" may be used. Other variants include ''Husein'', ''Husejin'', ''Husejn'', ''Husain'', ''Hussin'', ''Hussain'', ''Husayin'', ''Hussayin'', ''Hüseyin'', ''Husseyin'', ''Huseyn'', ''Hossain'', ''Hosein'', ''Husseyn'' (etc.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, which follows a standardized way for transliterating Arabic names, used the form "Ḥusain" in its first edition and "Ḥusayn" in its second and third editions. This name was not used in the pre-Islamic period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idealism (Turkey)
Idealism or Goalism ( tr, Ülkücülük, Ülkücü düşünce) is the name of Alparslan Türkeş and the Nationalist Movement Party lines, as a principle of the Nine Lights Doctrine. Origin The origins of the name go back to the terms "''millî mefkure (ülkü)''" used by Ziya Gökalp and "''millî ülkü''" used by Nihal Atsız and Pan-Turkists. 1950–1953 it was used by Turkish Nationalists Association during its years. ''Ülkü'' means "ideal" in terms of the word meaning. ''Ülkücülük'' is the equivalent of "idealism". On 3 May 1944, a large group protested the prosecution of Nihal Atsız in Istanbul as well as in Ankara and his friends marched from the Ankara courthouse to Ulus square. Although the Turkism movement was a national policy in the state levels during the time of Atatürk, it begins with this event that it became a mass idea. See also * Alparslan Türkeş * Nationalist Movement Party * Nationalist Turkey Party * Grey Wolves * Hüseyin Nihal Atsız ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
