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Iceland Lake Pluton
The Iceland Lake Pluton, formerly known as the Ingall Lake Batholith, is a large granitic intrusion in Briggs and Strathcona townships of Temagami, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is one of the three separate granitoid intrusions that constitute the Temagami Greenstone Belt, consisting of rocks ranging from diorite to quartz monzonite. The age of the intrusion is estimated to be about 2,736 million years old, as well as an adjacent rhyolitic lava flow using the uranium–lead dating technique. This suggests that the Iceland Lake Pluton might be the remnants of a magma chamber of a volcano that erupted felsic magma. The pluton is overlain by sediments of the younger Huronian Supergroup. Chlorite trondhjemite of the Iceland Lake Pluton is exposed along the Lake Temagami Access Road and Iceland Lake. See also *Spawning Lake Stock *Chambers-Strathy Batholith The Chambers-Strathy Batholith, also called the Strathy-Chambers Batholith, is a large granitoid batholith complex in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Granite
Granite () is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies underground. It is common in the continental crust of Earth, where it is found in igneous intrusions. These range in size from dikes only a few centimeters across to batholiths exposed over hundreds of square kilometers. Granite is typical of a larger family of ''granitic rocks'', or ''granitoids'', that are composed mostly of coarse-grained quartz and feldspars in varying proportions. These rocks are classified by the relative percentages of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase (the QAPF classification), with true granite representing granitic rocks rich in quartz and alkali feldspar. Most granitic rocks also contain mica or amphibole minerals, though a few (known as leucogranites) contain almost no dark minerals. Granite is nearly alway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magma
Magma () is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Magma is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and evidence of magmatism has also been discovered on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites. Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals and gas bubbles. Magma is produced by melting of the mantle or the crust in various tectonic settings, which on Earth include subduction zones, continental rift zones, mid-ocean ridges and hotspots. Mantle and crustal melts migrate upwards through the crust where they are thought to be stored in magma chambers or trans-crustal crystal-rich mush zones. During magma's storage in the crust, its composition may be modified by fractional crystallization, contamination with crustal melts, magma mixing, and degassing. Following its ascent through the crust, magma may feed a volcano and be extruded as lava, or it may solidify underground to form an intrusion, such as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igneous Petrology Of Ontario
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ''ignis'' meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses. Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust. Geological significance Igneous and metamorphic rocks make up 90–95% of the top of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geology Of Temagami
Geology () is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth sciences, including hydrology, and so is treated as one major aspect of integrated Earth system science and planetary science. Geology describes the structure of the Earth on and beneath its surface, and the processes that have shaped that structure. It also provides tools to determine the relative and absolute ages of rocks found in a given location, and also to describe the histories of those rocks. By combining these tools, geologists are able to chronicle the geological history of the Earth as a whole, and also to demonstrate the age of the Earth. Geology provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and the Earth's past climates. Geologists broadly study the properties and processes of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batholiths Of North America
A batholith () is a large mass of intrusive igneous rock (also called plutonic rock), larger than in area, that forms from cooled magma deep in Earth's crust. Batholiths are almost always made mostly of felsic or intermediate rock types, such as granite, quartz monzonite, or diorite (see also ''granite dome''). Formation Although they may appear uniform, batholiths are in fact structures with complex histories and compositions. They are composed of multiple masses, or ''plutons'', bodies of igneous rock of irregular dimensions (typically at least several kilometers) that can be distinguished from adjacent igneous rock by some combination of criteria including age, composition, texture, or mappable structures. Individual plutons are solidified from magma that traveled toward the surface from a zone of partial melting near the base of the Earth's crust. Traditionally, these plutons have been considered to form by ascent of relatively buoyant magma in large masses called ''p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chambers-Strathy Batholith
The Chambers-Strathy Batholith, also called the Strathy-Chambers Batholith, is a large granitoid batholith complex in the Temagami region of Northeastern Ontario, Canada. Named for the Chambers and Strathy townships, its compositions range from pink to grey quartz monzonite to granodiorite and intrudes through rocks of the Temagami Greenstone Belt. See also *Iceland Lake Pluton *Spawning Lake Stock The Spawning Lake Stock is an Archean age granitoid stock in Northeastern Ontario, Canada, located in Briggs Township and Chambers Township of Temagami. It intrudes through the Tetapaga Syncline, a major geologic fold in the Temagami Greenstone ... References Batholiths of North America Igneous petrology of Ontario Geology of Temagami Strathy Township {{NorthernOntario-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spawning Lake Stock
The Spawning Lake Stock is an Archean age granitoid stock in Northeastern Ontario, Canada, located in Briggs Township and Chambers Township of Temagami. It intrudes through the Tetapaga Syncline, a major geologic fold in the Temagami Greenstone Belt. However, it remains undeformed by strain associated with the formation of the fold. The stock is intruded by dikes composed of biotite lamprophyre on its outer margins. See also *Iceland Lake Pluton *Chambers-Strathy Batholith The Chambers-Strathy Batholith, also called the Strathy-Chambers Batholith, is a large granitoid batholith complex in the Temagami region of Northeastern Ontario, Canada. Named for the Chambers and Strathy townships, its compositions range from pi ... References Geology of Temagami Archean magmatism Igneous petrology of Ontario Stocks (geology) {{NorthernOntario-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iceland Lake
Iceland Lake is a small lake in the Municipality of Temagami in Nipissing District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies in the southern half of geographic Strathcona Township with its primary inflow being Herridge Creek. Hydrology The lake is long and wide. It represents a portion of the Lake Huron drainage basin, a large area where water drains into Lake Huron. After Iceland Lake drains into Lake Temagami via the South Tetapaga River, the water drains through the Temagami River. It then enters the Sturgeon River, which empties into Lake Nipissing. Lake Nipissing then drains into Lake Huron at Georgian Bay via the French River. See also *Lakes of Temagami *Iceland Lake Pluton The Iceland Lake Pluton, formerly known as the Ingall Lake Batholith, is a large granitic intrusion in Briggs and Strathcona townships of Temagami, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is one of the three separate granitoid intrusions that constitute ... References * * {{NorthernOntario-geo-stub La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Temagami Access Road
The Temagami Greenstone Belt (TGB) is a small 2.7 billion year old greenstone belt in the Temagami region of Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It represents a feature of the Superior craton, an ancient and stable part of the Earth's lithosphere that forms the core of the North American continent and Canadian Shield. The belt is composed of metamorphosed volcanic rocks that range in composition from basalt to rhyolite. These form the east-northeast trend of the belt and are overlain by metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. They were created during several volcanic episodes involving a variety of eruptive styles ranging from passive lava eruptions to viscous explosive eruptions. Part of the Canadian Shield, the TGB contains some of the oldest known rocks on Earth. The belt is made up of a number of geologic features such as batholiths, stocks, dikes, volcanic complexes, layered intrusions and deformation zones. These are situated in several geographical townships in the municipality of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trondhjemite
Trondhjemite is a leucocratic (light-colored) intrusive igneous rock. It is a variety of tonalite in which the plagioclase is mostly in the form of oligoclase. Trondhjemites that occur in the oceanic crust or in ophiolites are usually called plagiogranites. Trondhjemite is common in Archean terranes occurring in conjunction with tonalite and granodiorite as the ''TTG'' (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) orthogneiss suite. Trondhjemite dikes also commonly form part of the sheeted dike complex of an ophiolite. The rock type was first described by V.M. Goldschmidt in 1916. The name of the rock type is derived from the city of Trondheim Trondheim ( , , ; sma, Tråante), historically Kaupangen, Nidaros and Trondhjem (), is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. As of 2020, it had a population of 205,332, was the third most populous municipality in Norway, and ..., Norway. Notes References * * Further reading * Best, Myron G. (2002) ''Igneous and Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorite Group
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amounts of chlorite. Chlorite minerals show a wide variety of compositions, in which magnesium, iron, aluminium, and silicon substitute for each other in the crystal structure. A complete solid solution series exists between the two most common end members, magnesium-rich clinochlore and iron-rich chamosite. In addition, manganese, zinc, lithium, and calcium species are known. The great range in composition results in considerable variation in physical, optical, and X-ray properties. Similarly, the range of chemical composition allows chlorite group minerals to exist over a wide range of temperature and pressure conditions. For this reason chlorite minerals are ubiquitous minerals within low and medium temperature metamorphic rocks, some igneous r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huronian Supergroup
The Huronian Supergroup is a Proterozoic assemblage of geologic formations of the Superior craton of the Canadian Shield in Ontario and Quebec. It extends from west of the city of Sault Ste. Marie in the west to the Ontario-Quebec border to the east and is part of the Southern Geologic Province. Stratigraphy The Huronian Supergroup consists of four Groups. All the rocks are low grade metamorphic sedimentary rocks or igneous rocks. The four geologic groups that make up the Huronian are the Elliot Lake Group, Hough Lake Group, Quirke Lake Group, and the Cobalt Group (from oldest to youngest). Major glacial periods, Huronian glaciation, occurred at the beginning of the Hough Lake, Quirke Lake and Cobalt. Age The bulk of the Huronian Group consists of mostly metamorphosed sandstones and mudstones. Since there are no index fossils, the sedimentary rocks cannot be dated using fossils, like they can in Phanerozoic rocks. However, the base contains volcanics that have been d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
