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Iberina Difficilis
''Iberina'' is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. Species it contains six species: *''Iberina candida'' (Simon, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel *'' Iberina difficilis'' (Harm, 1966) – France, Italy, Central Europe, Romania *'' Iberina ljovuschkini'' Pichka, 1965 – Russia (Caucasus) *''Iberina mazarredoi'' Simon, 1881 (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...) – Spain, France *'' Iberina microphthalma'' (Snazell & Duffey, 1980) – Britain, Switzerland, Germany, Czech Rep., Hungary *'' Iberina montana'' ( Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Turkey References Araneomorphae genera Hahniidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4,000 species. Work on spiders His most significant work was ''Histoire Naturelle des Araignées'' (1892–1903), an encyclopedic treatment of the spider genera of the world. It was published in two volumes of more than 1000 pages each, and the same number of drawings by Simon. Working at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, it took Simon 11 years to complete, while working at the same time on devising a taxonomic scheme that embraced the known taxa. Simon described a total of 4,650 species, and as of 2013 about 3,790 species are still considered valid. The International Society of Arachnology offers a Simon Award recognising lifetime achievement. The Eocene fossil spider species '' Cenotextricella simoni'' was named in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberina Mazarredoi
''Iberina'' is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. Species it contains six species: *'' Iberina candida'' (Simon, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel *'' Iberina difficilis'' (Harm, 1966) – France, Italy, Central Europe, Romania *'' Iberina ljovuschkini'' Pichka, 1965 – Russia (Caucasus) *'' Iberina mazarredoi'' Simon, 1881 (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...) – Spain, France *'' Iberina microphthalma'' (Snazell & Duffey, 1980) – Britain, Switzerland, Germany, Czech Rep., Hungary *'' Iberina montana'' ( Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Turkey References Araneomorphae genera Hahniidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hahniidae
Dwarf sheet spiders (Hahniidae) is a family of araneomorph spiders, first described by Philipp Bertkau in 1878. Their bodies are about long, and they build extremely delicate webs in the form of a sheet. Unlike many spiders the web does not lead to a retreat. The silk used in these webs is so fine that they are difficult to spot unless they are coated with dew. They greatly favor locations near water or near moss, and are often found in leaf litter and detritus or on the leaves of shrubs and trees. Description They are characterized by the arrangement of their six spinnerets in a transverse row. The last segment of the outer spinnerets is quite long and stands out above all the others. Distribution Hahniidae are a worldwide family. The genera of the Northern Hemisphere and Africa tend to differ in their genital structures from those of the Southern Hemisphere. Very few species have been described from southeast Asia, although quite a number seems to be yet undescribed. Name The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberina Candida
''Iberina'' is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. Species it contains six species: *'' Iberina candida'' (Simon, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel *'' Iberina difficilis'' (Harm, 1966) – France, Italy, Central Europe, Romania *'' Iberina ljovuschkini'' Pichka, 1965 – Russia (Caucasus) *''Iberina mazarredoi'' Simon, 1881 (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...) – Spain, France *'' Iberina microphthalma'' (Snazell & Duffey, 1980) – Britain, Switzerland, Germany, Czech Rep., Hungary *'' Iberina montana'' ( Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Turkey References Araneomorphae genera Hahniidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberina Difficilis
''Iberina'' is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. Species it contains six species: *''Iberina candida'' (Simon, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel *'' Iberina difficilis'' (Harm, 1966) – France, Italy, Central Europe, Romania *'' Iberina ljovuschkini'' Pichka, 1965 – Russia (Caucasus) *''Iberina mazarredoi'' Simon, 1881 (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...) – Spain, France *'' Iberina microphthalma'' (Snazell & Duffey, 1980) – Britain, Switzerland, Germany, Czech Rep., Hungary *'' Iberina montana'' ( Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Turkey References Araneomorphae genera Hahniidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberina Ljovuschkini
''Iberina'' is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. Species it contains six species: *''Iberina candida'' (Simon, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel *''Iberina difficilis'' (Harm, 1966) – France, Italy, Central Europe, Romania *'' Iberina ljovuschkini'' Pichka, 1965 – Russia (Caucasus) *''Iberina mazarredoi'' Simon, 1881 (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...) – Spain, France *'' Iberina microphthalma'' (Snazell & Duffey, 1980) – Britain, Switzerland, Germany, Czech Rep., Hungary *'' Iberina montana'' ( Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Turkey References Araneomorphae genera Hahniidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberina Microphthalma
''Iberina'' is a genus of dwarf sheet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. Species it contains six species: *''Iberina candida'' (Simon, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel *''Iberina difficilis'' (Harm, 1966) – France, Italy, Central Europe, Romania *''Iberina ljovuschkini'' Pichka, 1965 – Russia (Caucasus) *''Iberina mazarredoi'' Simon, 1881 (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...) – Spain, France *'' Iberina microphthalma'' (Snazell & Duffey, 1980) – Britain, Switzerland, Germany, Czech Rep., Hungary *'' Iberina montana'' ( Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Turkey References Araneomorphae genera Hahniidae Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberina Montana
''Iberina montana'', the common combtailed spider, which was formerly better known as ''Hahnia montana'', is a species of dwarf sheet spider, family Hahniidae, which is found mainly in Europe. Description ''Iberina montana'' is a small spider with a body length of 1.4–2 mm. The palps on the male have 3 black bristles on the outer side of femur which break off easily, although the base is always still visible. The vulva has a small, median spermatheca with the distance between the primary spermathecae smaller than their width. The prosoma is yellowish, suffused with black, while the opisthosoma is dark with vague chevrons. Its body is quite densely covered with long pale hairs. The legs are yellow-brown with relatively strong spines. Biology Female ''Iberina montana'' are mature throughout the year, but the mature males are found only from late summer through autumn and winter, but mainly during the autumn. Its small sheet web is placed close to the ground among the mosse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Blackwall
John Blackwall (20 January 1790 – 11 May 1881) was an English naturalist with a particular interest in spiders. Life Blackwall was born in Manchester on 20 January 1790. He lived at Hendre House near Llanrwst in north Wales from 1833 until his death. He was interested in nature from an early age, first in birds and then spiders, on which he published his first article in 1827. He published ''A History of the Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland'' (2 volumes, 1861–1864, Ray Society), which included accounts of 304 species and gave the first adequate descriptions of British spiders. Ten of the plates included were by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge and twelve were by the Irish naturalist Robert Templeton. He died 11 May 1881. Correspondence with Charles Darwin Blackwall wrote four letters on the subject of spiders to Charles Darwin, dated 12 February 1868, 18 February 1868, 10 August 1869 and 8 September 1869. They survive in the Darwin Archive at Cambridge University Library. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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