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IPadOS 16
iPadOS 16 is the fourth and current major release of the iPadOS operating system developed by Apple for its iPad line of tablet computers. The successor to iPadOS 15, it was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 6, 2022, along with iOS 16, macOS Ventura, watchOS 9, and tvOS 16. It received numerous new features, improving multitasking and many other aspects of the operating system, most notably on iPads with Apple's M1 SoC and later. The public beta of iPadOS 16 was released on July 11, 2022. The public version of iPadOS 16 was released on October 24, 2022 as iPadOS 16.1. Features Freeform Freeform is a whiteboard app that lets users collaborate together in real time. It was released with iPadOS 16.2. Weather For the first time, Apple's Weather app is available on iPad, it was originally only available on iPhone and iPod Touch. Lock screen The Lock Screen has a new font and displays the date above the time to match iOS 16, but lacks th ...
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IPadOS
iPadOS is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. for its iPad line of tablet computers. It is a rebranded variant of iOS, the operating system used by Apple's iPhones, renamed to reflect the diverging features of the two product lines, particularly the iPad's multitasking capabilities. It was introduced as iPadOS 13 in 2019, reflecting its status as the successor to iOS 12 for the iPad, at the company's 2019 Worldwide Developers Conference. iPadOS was released to the public on September 24, 2019. The current public release is iPadOS 16.2, released on December 13, 2022. History The first iPad was released on January 10th, 2010 and ran iPhone OS 3.2, which added support for the larger device to the operating system, previously only used on the iPhone and its smaller counterpart, the iPod Touch. This shared operating system was rebranded as " iOS" with the release of iOS 4. The operating system initially had rough feature parity running on the iPhone, iPo ...
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IPad Air (4th Generation)
The iPad Air (4th generation), informally referred to as iPad Air 4, is a tablet computer designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It was announced by Apple on September 15, 2020. Pre-orders began on October 16, 2020, and shipping began a week later on October 23, 2020 alongside the iPhone 12 and iPhone 12 Pro. The device closely resembles the design of the 11-inch iPad Pro (3rd generation) and has several features that were previously exclusive to the iPad Pro line, such as support for Magic Keyboard and the second-generation Apple Pencil. It is available in five colors: Space Gray, Silver, Rose Gold, Green, and Sky Blue. The 4th generation iPad Air was discontinued on March 8, 2022, following the announcement of its successor, the iPad Air (5th generation), 5th generation iPad Air. Features Hardware There are 11.9 billion transistors inside of the Apple Apple A14, A14 Bionic SoC, which allows for higher efficiency in terms of both power and performance. The chip h ...
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Multi-touch
In computing, multi-touch is technology that enables a surface (a touchpad or touchscreen) to recognize the presence of more than one point of contact with the surface at the same time. The origins of multitouch began at CERN, MIT, University of Toronto, Carnegie Mellon University and Bell Labs in the 1970s. CERN started using multi-touch screens as early as 1976 for the controls of the Super Proton Synchrotron. Capacitive multi-touch displays were popularized by Apple's iPhone in 2007. Plural-point awareness may be used to implement additional functionality, such as pinch to zoom or to activate certain subroutines attached to predefined gestures. Several uses of the term multi-touch resulted from the quick developments in this field, and many companies using the term to market older technology which is called '' gesture-enhanced single-touch'' or several other terms by other companies and researchers. Several other similar or related terms attempt to differentiate between ...
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Cocoa Touch
Cocoa Touch is the application development environment for building software programs to run on iOS for the iPhone and iPod Touch, iPadOS for the iPad, watchOS for the Apple Watch, and tvOS for the Apple TV, from Apple Inc. Cocoa Touch provides an abstraction layer of iOS, the operating system for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad. Cocoa Touch is based on the macOS Cocoa API toolset and, like it, is primarily written in the Objective-C language. Cocoa Touch allows the use of hardware and features that are not found in macOS computers and are thus unique to the iOS range of devices. Just like Cocoa, Cocoa Touch follows a Model–View–Controller (MVC) software architecture. Cocoa Touch contains a different set of graphical control elements from Cocoa. Tools for developing applications based on Cocoa Touch are included in the iOS SDK. Cocoa Touch in relation to other layers iOS, watchOS, and tvOS technologies can be seen as a set of layers, with Cocoa Touch at the hig ...
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Hybrid Kernel
A hybrid kernel is an operating system kernel architecture that attempts to combine aspects and benefits of microkernel and monolithic kernel architectures used in computer operating systems. Overview The traditional kernel categories are monolithic kernels and microkernels (with nanokernels and exokernels seen as more extreme versions of microkernels). The "hybrid" category is controversial, due to the similarity of hybrid kernels and ordinary monolithic kernels; the term has been dismissed by Linus Torvalds as simple marketing. The idea behind a hybrid kernel is to have a kernel structure similar to that of a microkernel, but to implement that structure in the manner of a monolithic kernel. In contrast to a microkernel, all (or nearly all) operating system services in a hybrid kernel are still in kernel space. There are none of the reliability benefits of having services in user space, as with a microkernel. However, just as with an ordinary monolithic kernel, there is non ...
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IPad Pro
The iPad Pro is a premium model of Apple's iPad tablet computer. It runs iPadOS, a tablet-optimized version of the iOS operating system. The original iPad Pro was introduced in September 2015, and ran iOS 9. The second-generation iPad Pro, unveiled in June 2017, had an upgraded A10X Fusion chip and a larger 10.5-inch display. The third-generation iPad Pro, announced in October 2018, eliminated the home button, and featured an 11-inch display and Face ID. The fourth-generation iPad Pro, introduced in March 2020, included the A12Z chip, and added support for the Magic Keyboard. The fifth-generation iPad Pro, announced in April 2021, incorporated a desktop-class M1 chip, making it the first iPad model to not use an A-series processor. The sixth- and current-generation iPad Pro, introduced in October 2022, includes the M2 chip, Apple Pencil Hover, and ProRes video. History First generation The first generation of iPad Pro came in two sizes: 12.9-inch and 9.7-inch ...
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IPad Mini (6th Generation)
The sixth-generation iPad Mini (stylized and marketed as iPad mini and colloquially referred to as iPad Mini 6) is a tablet computer in the iPad Mini line, designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. It was announced on September 14, 2021, and released on September 24, 2021, alongside the ninth-generation iPad, iPhone 13 and iPhone 13 Pro. Its predecessor, the fifth-generation iPad Mini, was discontinued on the same day. It is available in four colors: Space Gray, Starlight, Pink, and Purple. It is the first major redesign of the iPad Mini, and resembles the fourth-generation iPad Air in design and with its top button Touch ID (removing the home button), with a larger 8.3-inch display, USB-C port (replacing the Lightning port), and support for the second-generation Apple Pencil. Features Hardware It is the first redesign of the iPad Mini since the iPad Mini 4 in 2015, and the first major redesign since its introduction in 2012. Externally, it is essentially a smaller ...
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IPad Mini (5th Generation)
The fifth-generation iPad Mini (stylized and marketed as iPad mini and colloquially referred to as iPad Mini 5) is a tablet computer in the iPad Mini line, designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. Announced in a press release along with the third-generation iPad Air on March 18, 2019 and released the same day, it was the first iPad Mini that was released without a live press event. Its predecessor, the iPad Mini 4, was discontinued on the same day. It shares a similar design to the iPad Mini 4 and features the Apple A12 Bionic chip, 64 or 256GB storage, a more modernly upgraded 7.9-inch Retina Display with support for Apple Pencil (1st Generation), True Tone display and Bluetooth 5.0. iFixit's teardown shows this iPad Mini is equipped with an upgraded 3GB of LPDDR4X RAM, the same as the iPhone XR. The iPad Mini 5 is the final model with a home button, which has been present on all models since the original in November 2012. The iPad Mini 5 was discontinued on Septem ...
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IPad (10th Generation)
The iPad 10.9-inch (officially iPad (10th generation), unofficially known as the iPad 10) is a tablet computer developed and marketed by Apple Inc. as the successor to the ninth-generation iPad. It was announced on October 18, 2022, and was released on October 26, 2022. Design The tenth-generation iPad is available in four colors: silver, pink, blue, and yellow. It is the first lower-end iPad without a Home button. Features Hardware The tenth-generation iPad is redesigned over the ninth-generation iPad, more closely resembling the configuration of the iPad Air. The device features a design with flatter edges and to match the higher-end iPads of the time. The home button is removed, with Touch ID instead contained in the power button, like the iPad Air and iPad mini. It uses an A14 Bionic system on a chip, previously seen in the fourth-generation iPad Air. The chip has a 6-core CPU, a 4-core GPU, and a 16-core Neural Engine. Like the iPad Air, it has a 10.9-inch 2360 b ...
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IPad (9th Generation)
The iPad 10.2-inch (officially iPad (9th generation), also referred as iPad 9) is a tablet computer developed and marketed by Apple Inc. as the successor to the eighth-generation iPad. It was announced on September 14, 2021. Features The ninth-generation iPad has the same design as the seventh- and eighth-generation iPads, although all color options now come with a black screen bezel, and the gold option has been removed. It is compatible with the Apple Pencil (1st generation), and the Smart Keyboard and Smart Connector for keyboard attachments. It uses the Apple A13 Bionic chip, which Apple claims gives a 20% CPU, GPU, and Neural Engine increase in performance compared to its predecessor. It features a 10.2-inch retina display identical to the previous models, with 1620 by 2160 pixels at a density of 264 PPI, and includes True Tone technology, meaning the display can adjust its color temperature based on the surrounding lighting temperature. A new 12 MP front camera is ...
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IPad (8th Generation)
The iPad 10.2-inch (officially iPad (8th generation)) is a tablet computer developed and marketed by Apple Inc. as the successor to the 7th-generation iPad. It was announced on September 15, 2020 and released on September 18, 2020. Features The eighth-generation iPad uses the same design as the seventh-generation iPad, with a 10.2-inch screen with 1620 by 2160 pixels at a pixel density of 264-pixel PPI, Touch ID support, and compatibility with the Smart Connector. It uses the Apple A12 Bionic chip, which Apple claims provides a 40% faster 6-core CPU and a 2x faster 4 core GPU compared to the processor of the previous generation. It is the first iPad tablet that includes a Neural Engine, a component introduced with the A11 processor. It is the final iPad tablet available with white bezels on the Silver and Gold models; all iPad (9th generation) tablets come with black bezels. The eighth-generation iPad is compatible with the first-generation Apple Pencil, the Smart Keyboa ...
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IPad (7th Generation)
The iPad 10.2-inch (officially iPad (7th generation)) is a tablet computer developed and marketed by Apple Inc. It features a 10.2-inch Retina display and is powered by the Apple A10 Fusion processor. It is the successor to the 9.7-inch 6th-generation iPad. The device was revealed on September 10, 2019, and released on September 25, 2019. It has support for the first generation Apple Pencil and has a smart keyboard connector. It is targeted towards the budget and educational markets. Unlike previous iPad models, which have a 9.7-inch display, the device is the first in the entry-level iPad lineup to feature a larger 10.2-inch display size. Its successor, the eighth-generation iPad, was revealed on September 15, 2020, and it has replaced this iPad. History Rumors centering around a successor to the 2018 iPad began to surface in the first half of 2019, when seven iPad models were registered on the Eurasian Economic Commission, a database known for providing hints about up ...
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