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Hyundai Santa Fe
The Hyundai Santa Fe ( ko, 현대 싼타페) is a sport utility vehicle (SUV) produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai since 2000. It is named after the city of Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was introduced for the 2001 model year as Hyundai's first SUV. The Santa Fe was a milestone in the company's restructuring program of the late 1990s because the SUV was a hit with American buyers. Between 2006 and 2012, the Santa Fe was positioned between the smaller Tucson compact crossover and the larger Veracruz. The third-generation Santa Fe introduced in 2012 was available in two versions, which are regular (short) and extended long-wheelbase version. The short model was sold as the Santa Fe Sport in North America (three-row seating was not available) and simply Santa Fe in global markets (three-row seating was standard or optional), while the extended long-wheelbase model is called the Santa Fe in the USA, Santa Fe XL in Canada and called the Hyundai Maxcruz in South Korea. The fo ...
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Hyundai Veracruz
The Hyundai Veracruz ( ko, 현대 베라크루즈), also known as the Hyundai ix55 in Europe and Russia, is a mid-size crossover that was manufactured by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai from 2006 to 2015. The Veracruz was sold in the United States, Canada, South Korea, China, Morocco, South America and the Middle East. It was also imported to Europe and parts of Asia from 2007 to 2011. The Veracruz was discontinued in other countries, except South Korea. History The official date of unveiling in South Korea was October 12, 2006, and was made available in the United States as a model of 2007. The Veracruz went on sale in March 2007, and is Hyundai's largest crossover SUV. It replaced the truck based Terracan that was sold worldwide except for North America. The Veracruz is built on a Hyundai Santa Fe platform. The revamped 2011 Veracruz was based on the same platform as the Kia Sorento. The Veracruz gets its name from a state in Mexico, continuing the Western theme ...
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Hyundai Motor Company
Hyundai Motor Company, often abbreviated to Hyundai Motors ( ) and commonly known as Hyundai (, ; ), is a South Korean multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, and founded in 1967. Currently, the company owns 33.88 percent of Kia Corporation, and also fully owns two marques including its luxury cars subsidiary, Genesis Motor, and an electric vehicle sub-brand, Ioniq. Those three brands altogether comprise the Hyundai Motor Group. Hyundai operates the world's largest integrated automobile manufacturing facility in Ulsan, South Korea which has an annual production capacity of 1.6 million units. The company employs about 75,000 people worldwide. Hyundai vehicles are sold in 193 countries through 5,000 dealerships and showrooms. History Chung Ju-Yung (1915–2001) founded the Hyundai Engineering and Construction Company in 1947. Hyundai Motor Company was later established in 1967, and the company's first model, the Cortina, was relea ...
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Hyundai-Kia Y Platforms
The line-up of Hyundai-Kia Y platforms is a list of platforms used by Hyundai Kia Automotive Group for its mid-size cars. It is succeeded by Hyundai-Kia N platforms. Hyundai Y2 * Hyundai Sonata Y2 (1988–1993) * Hyundai Grandeur L (1986–1992) * Hyundai Santamo (1991–1998) * Kia Joice (1999–2002) Hyundai Y3 * Hyundai Sonata/Marcia (Y3) (1993–1999) * Hyundai Grandeur LX (1992–1998) * Hyundai Dynasty (1997–2005) * Hyundai Santamo (1991–1998) * Kia Joice (1999–2002) Hyundai-Kia Y4 * Hyundai Sonata (EF) (1999–2005) * Kia Optima (MS) / Magentis (2000–2005) * Hyundai Grandeur/XG (XG) (1998–2005) * Hyundai Dynasty (1997–2005) * Kia Opirus (2003–2010) * Hyundai Santa Fe (SM) (2000–2006) * Hyundai Trajet (FO) (1999–2008) * Kia Carens (1999–2006) Hyundai-Kia Y5 * Hyundai Sonata (NF) (2004–2010) * Kia Optima II (MG) / Magentis / Lotze (2005–2010, hybrid between J3 and Y5 platforms) * Hyundai Grandeur IV (TG) / Azera (2005–2011) * Kia Opiru ...
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Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-called compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air plus residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases the air temperature inside the cylinder to such a high degree that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. With the fuel being injected into the air just before combustion, the dispersion of the fuel is une ...
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Autogas
Autogas or LPG is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) used as a fuel in internal combustion engines in vehicles as well as in stationary applications such as generators. It is a mixture of propane and butane. Autogas is widely used as a "green" fuel, as its use reduces exhaust emissions by around 15% compared to petrol. One litre of petrol produces 2.3 kg of when burnt, whereas the equivalent amount of autogas (1.33 litres due to the lower density of autogas) produces only 2 kg of when burnt. CO emissions are 30% lower, compared to petrol and by 50%. It has an octane rating (MON/RON) that is between 90 and 110 and an energy content (higher heating value—HHV) that is between 25.5  megajoules per litre (for pure propane) and 28.7 megajoules per litre (for pure butane) depending upon the actual fuel composition. Autogas is the third most popular automotive fuel in the world, with approximately 16 million of 600 million passenger cars powered using the fu ...
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Hyundai Sigma Engine
The Hyundai Sigma engine is a series of V6 piston engines from Hyundai Motor Company, based on the Mitsubishi 6G7 engine. The Sigma engine family began life with the simple V6 name. Displacement ranges from . 2.5L (G6AV) The DOHC G6AV (also called the 2.5 D) is the small version. Bore is and stroke is shared with the at . Output is at 6,000 rpm and at 4,500 rpm. Applications *Hyundai Dynasty (1997–2005) * Hyundai Grandeur (LX) (1995–1998) * Hyundai Marcia (1995–1998) 3.0L (G6AT/G6CT) The DOHC G6AT and G6CT (also called the 3.0 D) both displace . They share the 2.5's stroke but use a larger bore. Output for the older G6AT is at 6,000 rpm and at 4,000–4,500 rpm, while the G6CT produces at 5,500–6,000 rpm and at 3,500–4,000 rpm. The older SOHC G6AT 3.0 S produces just at 5,000 rpm and at 2,500–3,000 rpm. Applications * Hyundai Dynasty (1996–2005) * Hyundai Equus (LZ) (1999–2005) * Hyundai Galloper (1994 ...
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V6 Engine
A V6 engine is a six-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V6 engines were designed and produced independently by Marmon Motor Car Company, Deutz Gasmotoren Fabrik and Delahaye. Engines built after World War II include the Lancia V6 engine in 1950 for the Lancia Aurelia, and the Buick V6 engine in 1962 for the Buick Special. The V6 layout has become the most common layout for six-cylinder automotive engines. Design Due to their short length, V6 engines are often used as the larger engine option for vehicles which are otherwise produced with inline-four engines, especially in transverse engine vehicles. A downside for luxury cars is that V6 engines produce more vibrations than straight-six engines. Some sports cars use flat-six engines instead of V6 engines, due to their lower centre of gravity (which improves the handling). The displacement of modern V6 engines is typically between , though ...
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Hyundai Delta Engine
The Hyundai Delta family is the company's smaller V6 engine, ranging from . Both share the same stroke and both are DOHC designs. 2.0L (G6BP) The G6BP (also called the 2.0 D) is the version. Output is at 6300 rpm and at 4000 rpm. ;Applications * Hyundai Grandeur/XG (XG) (1998–2005) 2.5L (G6BV/G6BW) The G6BW/G6BV (also called the 2.5 D) is the version in a 90˚ configuration with an bore. Output is at 6000 rpm and at 4000 rpm. It made its first appearance in the 1999 EF series Sonata. ;Applications * Hyundai Grandeur/XG (XG) (1998–2005) * Hyundai Sonata (EF) (1998–2001) * Kia Optima (MS) (2000–2001) 2.7L (G6BA) The G6BA/G6BAX/G6BAY (also called the 2.7 D) is the larger version available in either 60˚ or 90˚ configuration with an bore. Output is at 6000 rpm and of torque at 4000 rpm. It has an aluminum engine block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. It uses Multi-port fuel injection, has 4 valves per cylinder, and feat ...
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Hyundai Sirius Engine
The Hyundai Motor Company, Hyundai Sirius engine was the company's first larger Straight-four engine, inline-four engine, with displacements from 1.8 L (1795 cc) to 2.4 L (2351 cc). It is a license-built Mitsubishi Sirius engine, Mitsubishi construction. This engine is no longer used by Hyundai. 1.5L (G4DJ) The Hyundai G4DJ engine was manufactured from 1989 to 1995 under license from Mitsubishi and was essentially a copy of the 8-valve version of the popular Mitsubishi Orion engine, 4G15 powerplant, the engine's advertised power is at 5,500 rpm with of torque at 3,000 rpm. ;Applications * Hyundai Elantra#J1, Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1990–1995) * Hyundai Scoupe (1990–1992) * Hyundai Excel#X2, Hyundai Excel/Pony (X2) (1989–1993) 1.5L (G4CL) The Hyundai G4CL engine features DOHC, the engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,500 rpm. ;Applications * Hyundai Elantra#J1, Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1993–1995) 1.6L (G4CR) The Hyundai G4CR ...
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Mitsubishi 4G9 Engine
The Mitsubishi 4G9 engine is a series of straight-4 automobile engines produced by Mitsubishi Motors. All are 16-valve, and use both single- and double- overhead camshaft heads. Some feature ''MIVEC'' variable valve timing, and it was the first modern gasoline direct injection engine upon its introduction in August 1996. 4G91 The ''4G91'' uses a bore and stroke of for a total displacement of . With a 9.5:1 compression ratio and DOHC, four-valve-per-cylinder head and multi-point EFI, this engine produces at 6,000 rpm and at 5,000 rpm. The 4G91 was a short-lived model, mainly built between 1991 and 1995 and rarely seen in export markets. There was also a carbureted model, with at 6,000 rpm and at 3,500 rpm. Applications * Mitsubishi Lancer * Mitsubishi Mirage 4G92 The ''4G92'' displaces . It first appeared in the late-1991 Japanese-spec Mirage RS and Super R in DOHC form. The 4G92 is basically a version of the ''4G91'' with the bore increased to . In th ...
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Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also called an inline-four) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The vast majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power stroke occu ...
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Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as ''E10'' and ''E85''). Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also been produced using the Miller cycle and Atkinson cycle. Layout Most petrol-powered piston engines are straight engines or V engines. However, flat engines, W engines and other layouts are sometimes used. Wankel engines are classified by the number of rotors used. Compression ratio Cooling Petrol engines are either air-cooled or water-cooled. Ignition Petrol e ...
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