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Hylton V. United States
''Hylton v. United States'', 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 171 (1796),. is an early United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a yearly tax on carriages did not violate the Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 and Article I, Section 9, Clause 4 requirements for the apportioning of direct taxes. The Court concluded that the carriage tax was not a direct tax, which would require apportionment among the states. The Court noted that a tax on land was an example of a direct tax that was contemplated by the Constitution. The case is also significant for being the first case by the Supreme Court to rely on judicial review, later formally established by ''Marbury v. Madison'' (1803), to decide whether a statute of Congress was unconstitutional. Oral argument Alexander Hamilton argued before the Court on behalf of the government and claimed that the tax was a valid use of the power of Congress. Justice James Iredell wrote two days after the event: "Mr. Hamilton spoke in our Court, atte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander J
Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander and Aleksandr. Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexandre, Aleks, Aleksa and Sander; feminine forms include Alexandra, Alexandria, and Sasha. Etymology The name ''Alexander'' originates from the (; 'defending men' or 'protector of men'). It is a compound of the verb (; 'to ward off, avert, defend') and the noun (, genitive: , ; meaning 'man'). It is an example of the widespread motif of Greek names expressing "battle-prowess", in this case the ability to withstand or push back an enemy battle line. The earliest attested form of the name, is the Mycenaean Greek feminine anthroponym , , (/Alexandra/), written in the Linear B syllabic script. Alaksandu, alternatively called ''Alakasandu'' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congressional Research Service
The Congressional Research Service (CRS) is a public policy research institute of the United States Congress. Operating within the Library of Congress, it works primarily and directly for members of Congress and their committees and staff on a confidential, nonpartisan basis. CRS is sometimes known as Congress' think tank due to its broad mandate of providing research and analysis on all matters relevant to national policymaking. CRS has roughly 600 employees reflecting a wide variety of expertise and disciplines, including lawyers, economists, reference librarians, and scientists. In the 2016 fiscal year, it was appropriated a budget of roughly $106.9 million by Congress. CRS was founded during the height of the Progressive Era as part of a broader effort to professionalize the government by providing independent research and information to public officials. Its work was initially made available to the public, but between 1952 and 2018 was restricted only to members of Congr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1796 In United States Case Law
Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark, Upper Canada, Newark to York, Upper Canada, York. * February 9 – The Qianlong Emperor of China abdicates at age 84 to make way for his son, the Jiaqing Emperor. * February 15 – French Revolutionary Wars: The Invasion of Ceylon (1795) ends when Johan van Angelbeek, the Batavian Republic, Batavian governor of Ceylon, surrenders Colombo peacefully to British forces. * February 16 – The Kingdom of Great Britain is granted control of Ceylon by the Dutch. * February 29 – Ratifications of the Jay Treaty between Great Britain and the United States are officially exchanged, bringing it into effect.''Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909'', ed. by Benson Joh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ware V
Ware may refer to: People * Ware (surname) * William of Ware (), English Franciscan theologian Places Canada *Fort Ware, British Columbia United Kingdom *Ware, Devon *Ware, Hertfordshire *Ware, Kent United States * Ware, Elmore County, Alabama, See List of places in Alabama: S–Z#W * Ware, Jefferson County, Alabama, See List of places in Alabama: S–Z#W * Ware, Arkansas, see List of places in Arkansas: W *Ware, Illinois *Ware, Iowa *Ware, Kentucky *Ware, Massachusetts, a New England town **Ware (CDP), Massachusetts, the primary village in the town *Ware, Missouri * Ware, Texas, see List of United States tornadoes in May 2010#May 18 event *Ware County, Georgia Other uses * Pottery * WARE, an AM radio station licensed to Ware, Massachusetts * Ware people, an ethnic group in Tanzania * Wares (musical group), a Canadian music group * Ware Group, a covert American communist organization * Ware F.C., a Hertfordshire-based football team * Ware Opening, an uncommon chess o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Federation Of Independent Business V
National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, census-designated place * National, Nevada, ghost town * National, Utah, ghost town * National, West Virginia, unincorporated community Commerce * National (brand), a brand name of electronic goods from Panasonic * National Benzole (or simply known as National), former petrol station chain in the UK, merged with BP * National Car Rental, an American rental car company * National Energy Systems, a former name of Eco Marine Power * National Entertainment Commission, a former name of the Media Rating Council * National Motor Vehicle Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1900-1924 * National Supermarkets, a defunct American grocery store chain * National String Instrument Corporation, a guitar company formed to manufacture the first resonator g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of United States Supreme Court Cases, Volume 3
This is a list of cases reported in volume 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) of ''United States Reports'', decided by the Supreme Court of the United States from 1794 to 1799. Case reports from other tribunals also appear in 3 U.S. (3 Dall.). Alexander Dallas and ''Dallas Reports'' Not all of the cases reported in 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) are from the United States Supreme Court. Included are decisions from the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, and the United States Circuit Court for the District of Pennsylvania. Alexander J. Dallas, a Philadelphia lawyer and later United States Secretary of the Treasury, had been in the business of reporting local law cases for newspapers and periodicals. When the US Supreme Court sat in Philadelphia from 1791–1800, he collected their cases as well, and later began compiling his case reports in a bound volume which he called ''Reports of cases ruled and adjudged in the courts of Pennsylvania, before and since the Revolution''. When the US Supreme Court along wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health Care And Education Reconciliation Act Of 2010
The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (, ) is a law that was enacted by the 111th United States Congress, by means of the reconciliation process, in order to amend the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (). The law includes the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act, which was attached as a rider. It was passed by the U.S. House of Representatives on March 21, 2010, by a vote of 220–211, and passed the Senate by a vote of 56–43 on March 25, after having two minor provisions relating to Pell Grants stricken under the Byrd Rule. A few hours later, the amended bill was passed by the House with the vote of 220–207. The Act was signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 30, 2010, at Northern Virginia Community College. Legislative history At the end of 2009, each house of Congress passed its own health care reform bill, but neither house passed the other bill. The Senate bill, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, became the most viable ave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), formally known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and colloquially known as Obamacare, is a landmark U.S. federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. The ACA's major provisions came into force in 2014. By 2016, the uninsured share of the population had roughly halved, with estimates ranging from 20 to 24 million additional people covered. The law also enacted a host of delivery system reforms intended to constrain healthcare costs and improve quality. After it went into effect, increases in overall healthcare spending slowed, including premiums for employer-based insurance plans. The increased coverage was due ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health Insurance Mandate
A health insurance mandate is either an employer or individual mandate to obtain private health insurance instead of (or in addition to) a national health insurance plan.D. Andrew Austin, Thomas L. Hungerford (2010). Market Structure of the Health Insurance Industry' Congressional Research Service. Library of Congress. Australia Australia's national health insurance program is known as Medicare, and is financed by general taxation including a Medicare levy on earnings; use of Medicare is not compulsory and those who purchase private health insurance get a government-funded rebate on premiums. Individuals with high annual incomes (A$70,000 in the 2008 federal budget) who do not have specified levels of private hospital coverage are subject to an additional 1% Medicare Levy Surcharge. People of average incomes and below may be eligible for subsidies to buy private insurance, but face no penalty for not buying it. Private insurers must comply with guaranteed issue and community ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Roberts
John Glover Roberts Jr. (born January 27, 1955) is an American lawyer and jurist who has served as the 17th chief justice of the United States since 2005. Roberts has authored the majority opinion in several landmark cases, including ''National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius,'' '' Shelby County v. Holder'', and '' Riley v. California''. He has been described as having a conservative judicial philosophy but, above all, is an institutionalist. He has shown a willingness to work with the Supreme Court's liberal bloc, and after the retirement of Anthony Kennedy in 2018, he has been regarded as the primary swing vote on the Court. However, Roberts is no longer regarded as the Court's median vote following the replacement of Ruth Bader Ginsburg by Amy Coney Barrett in 2020. Roberts grew up in northwestern Indiana and was educated in a series of Catholic schools. He studied history at Harvard University and then attended Harvard Law School, where he was managing e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanton V
Stanton may refer to: Places United Kingdom ;Populated places * Stanton, Derbyshire, near Swadlincote * Stanton, Gloucestershire * Stanton, Northumberland * Stanton, Staffordshire * Stanton, Suffolk * New Stanton, Derbyshire * Stanton by Bridge, Derbyshire * Stanton by Dale, Derbyshire * Stanton Chare, Suffolk * Stanton Drew, Bristol * Stanton Fitzwarren, Wiltshire * Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire * Stanton Hill, Nottinghamshire * Stanton in Peak, Derbyshire * Stanton Lacy, Shropshire * Stanton Lees, Derbyshire * Stanton Long, Shropshire * Stanton Moor, Derbyshire * Stanton Prior, Somerset * Stanton St Bernard, Wiltshire * Stanton St John, Oxfordshire * Stanton St Quintin, Wiltshire * Stanton under Bardon, Leicestershire * Stanton upon Hine Heath, Shropshire * Stanton Wick, Somerset United States ;Populated places * Stanton, California * Stanton, Delaware * Stanton, Iowa * Stanton, Kansas * Stanton, Kentucky * Stanton, Michigan * Stanton, Mississippi * Stanton, Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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