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Hugh Holmes
Hugh Holmes QC (17 February 1840 – 19 April 1916) was an Irish Conservative Party, then after 1886 a Unionist Member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom Parliament and subsequently a Judge of the High Court and Court of Appeal in Ireland. Background and education Holmes was born in Dungannon, County Tyrone, the son of William Holmes of Dungannon and Anne Maxwell. He attended the Royal School Dungannon and Trinity College Dublin. He was called to the English bar in 1864 and to the Irish Bar in 1865. Legal and judicial career Holmes became a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1877. He was appointed Solicitor General for Ireland on 14 December 1878 and served until the Conservative government was defeated in 1880. He served as Attorney General for Ireland from 1885 to 1886 and again from 1886 to 1887. He was made a member of the Privy Council of Ireland on 2 July 1885. He was MP for Dublin University from 1885 to 1887. Holmes resigned from the House of Commons on his appointment ...
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Queen's Counsel
In the United Kingdom and in some Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth countries, a King's Counsel (Post-nominal letters, post-nominal initials KC) during the reign of a king, or Queen's Counsel (post-nominal initials QC) during the reign of a queen regnant, queen, is a lawyer (usually a barrister or advocate) who is typically a senior trial lawyer. Technically appointed by the monarch of the country to be one of 'His [Her] Majesty's Counsel learned in the law', the position originated in England and Wales. Some Commonwealth countries have either abolished the position, or renamed it so as to remove monarchical connotations, for example, 'Senior counsel' or 'Senior Advocate'. Appointment as King's Counsel is an office, conferred by the Crown, that is recognised by courts. Members have the privilege of sitting within the inner Bar (law), bar of court. As members wear silk gowns of a particular design (see court dress), appointment as King's Counsel is known informally as ''rec ...
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King's Bench Division
The King's Bench Division (or Queen's Bench Division when the monarch is female) of the High Court of Justice deals with a wide range of common law cases and has supervisory responsibility over certain lower courts. It hears appeals on points of law from magistrates' courts and from the Crown Court. These are known as appeals by way of case stated, since the questions of law are considered solely on the basis of the facts found and stated by the authority under review. Specialised courts of the King's Bench Division include the Administrative Court, Technology and Construction Court, Commercial Court, and the Admiralty Court. The specialised judges and procedures of these courts are tailored to their type of business, but they are not essentially different from any other court of the King's Bench Division. Appeals from the High Court in civil matters are made to the Court of Appeal (Civil Division); in criminal matters appeal from the Divisional Court is made only to the S ...
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Libel
Defamation is the act of communicating to a third party false statements about a person, place or thing that results in damage to its reputation. It can be spoken (slander) or written (libel). It constitutes a tort or a crime. The legal definition of defamation and related acts as well as the ways they are dealt with can vary greatly between countries and jurisdictions (what exactly they must consist of, whether they constitute crimes or not, to what extent proving the alleged facts is a valid defence). Defamation laws can encompass a variety of acts: * Insult against a legal person in general * Defamation against a legal person in general * Acts against public officials * Acts against state institutions (e.g., government, ministries, government agencies, armed forces) * Acts against state symbols * Acts against the state itself * Acts against religions (e.g., blasphemy, discrimination) * Acts against the judiciary or legislature (e.g., contempt of court, censure) Histo ...
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Valentine Holmes (barrister)
Sir Valentine Holmes, QC (24 July 1888 – 19 November 1956) was a British barrister who served as Junior Counsel to the Treasury (Common Law), commonly known as Treasury Devil, from 1935 to 1945. Almost uniquely among treasury devils, he was not elevated to the High Court bench, but instead remained at the bar after his service. The third son of Sir Hugh Holmes, an Irish Unionist politician and judge, Valentine Holmes was educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Dublin, before being called to the English bar at the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple in 1913. During the First World War, he served in the Royal Artillery The Royal Regiment of Artillery, commonly referred to as the Royal Artillery (RA) and colloquially known as "The Gunners", is one of two regiments that make up the artillery arm of the British Army. The Royal Regiment of Artillery comprises t .... After the war, he joined the chambers of Sir Leslie Scott and although the development of his practice was i ...
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John Monroe (lawyer)
John Monroe PC, QC (1839 – September 1899), was an Irish lawyer and judge. Background and education Monroe was born at Moira, County Down, eldest son of John Monroe senior and Jane Harvey. He was educated at Queens College Galway, where he was auditor of the college's Literary and Debating Society for two years, from 1860 to 1862, and at the King's Inns, where he was auditor of the Law Students' Debating Society of Ireland for the 1862–1863 session. Legal career Monroe was called to the Irish Bar in 1863; he took silk in 1877 and became a Bencher of the King's Inns in 1884. For a short period (1879 to 1880) he was Law Adviser to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. He was appointed Solicitor-General for Ireland in June 1885 but relinquished the post in November upon his appointment to a judgeship of the Landed Estates Court. Failing health caused him to resign this post in 1893. He was appointed to the Irish Privy Council in 1886. He had a good reputation in the legal f ...
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Worcestershire
Worcestershire ( , ; written abbreviation: Worcs) is a county in the West Midlands of England. The area that is now Worcestershire was absorbed into the unified Kingdom of England in 927, at which time it was constituted as a county (see History of Worcestershire). Over the centuries the county borders have been modified, but it was not until 1844 that substantial changes were made. Worcestershire was abolished as part of local government reforms in 1974, with its northern area becoming part of the West Midlands and the rest part of the county of Hereford and Worcester. In 1998 the county of Hereford and Worcester was abolished and Worcestershire was reconstituted, again without the West Midlands area. Location The county borders Herefordshire to the west, Shropshire to the north-west, Staffordshire only just to the north, West Midlands to the north and north-east, Warwickshire to the east and Gloucestershire to the south. The western border with Herefordshire includes a ...
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Elmley Lovett
Elmley Lovett in Worcestershire, England is a civil parish whose residents' homes are quite loosely clustered east of its Hartlebury Trading Estate, as well as in minor neighbourhood Cutnall Green to the near south-east. The latter is a loosely linear settlement that includes a pub-restaurant and farm shop on the Elmley Lovett side of the boundaries; it continues passing its near-square public green into the parish of Elmbridge, a similarly sized parish over to the east. The village is NNW of Droitwich, but Cutnall Green is closer to 4 miles. St Michael's Church The old stone parish church, much restored, has four very tall lancet windows to each side of the nave and a modest bell tower topped by a tall stone spire. It is flanked by a scattering of tall trees. History The Moule family of Snead's Green House were among the most prominent local landowners from the 1620s until the late nineteenth century, when the family died out in the male line. Deserted medieval village A ...
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Appellate Court
A court of appeals, also called a court of appeal, appellate court, appeal court, court of second instance or second instance court, is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In much of the world, court systems are divided into at least three levels: the trial court, which initially hears cases and reviews evidence and testimony to determine the facts of the case; at least one intermediate appellate court; and a supreme court (or court of last resort) which primarily reviews the decisions of the intermediate courts, often on a discretionary basis. A particular court system's supreme court is its highest appellate court. Appellate courts nationwide can operate under varying rules. Under its standard of review, an appellate court decides the extent of the deference it would give to the lower court's decision, based on whether the appeal were one of fact or of law. In reviewing an issue of fact, an appellate court ordina ...
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Maypole
A maypole is a tall wooden pole erected as a part of various European folk festivals, around which a maypole dance often takes place. The festivals may occur on 1 May or Pentecost (Whitsun), although in some countries it is instead erected at Midsummer (20–26 June). In some cases the maypole is a permanent feature that is only utilised during the festival, although in other cases it is erected specifically for the purpose before being taken down again. Primarily found within the nations of Germanic languages, Germanic Europe and the neighbouring areas which they have influenced, its origins remain unknown. It has often been speculated that the maypole originally had some importance in the Germanic paganism of Iron Age and early Medieval cultures, and that the tradition survived Christianisation, albeit losing any original meaning that it had. It has been a recorded practice in many parts of Europe throughout the Medieval and Early Modern periods, although it became less popul ...
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Irish Court Of Appeal
The Court of Appeal in Ireland was created by the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877 as the final appellate court within Ireland, then under British rule. A last appeal from this court could be taken to the House of Lords in London. Personnel The Lord Chancellor of Ireland was President of the Court of Appeal. As in England, the full-time judges had the title Lord Justice of Appeal. Other senior judges such as the Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer, sat as additional judges of appeal when required. The following judges held the title of Lord Justice of the Court of Appeal in Ireland from the Court's creation in 1878 to the abolition of the pre-Independence Courts in 1924. Partition The Court of Appeal in Ireland was replaced by separate Courts of Appeal in Northern and Southern Ireland, along with a High Court of Appeal for Ireland, hearing appeals from both, under the United Kingdom's Gove ...
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Gerald FitzGibbon (Irish Lawyer)
Gerald FitzGibbon (1837 – 14 October 1909) was an Irish barrister and judge, who is regarded as one of the outstanding Irish jurists of his time. He came from a family which produced three generations of eminent lawyers, with the father, son and grandson each bearing the name Gerald FitzGibbon. Background and early career He was the elder of the two sons of Gerald Fitzgibbon (author), Gerald FitzGibbon, QC, Master in Chancery (1793-1882), and his wife Ellen Patterson (died 1885), daughter of John Patterson of Belfast; his younger brother Henry (died 1912) was a distinguished doctor. The younger Gerald was educated at Trinity College Dublin, where he was List of Scholars of Trinity College Dublin, elected a Scholar. He retained deep feelings of affection and loyalty towards Trinity College throughout his life, and gave evidence on its behalf before a Royal Commission in 1906. He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1857. He was called to the Irish Bar in 1860 and to the Barristers in Engl ...
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Christopher Palles
Christopher Palles (25 December 1831 – 14 February 1920) was an Irish barrister, Solicitor-General, Attorney-General and a judge for over 40 years. His biographer, Vincent Thomas Hyginus Delany, described him as "the greatest of the Irish judges". He served as the last Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer from 1874 until his retirement from the bench in 1916. Early life Palles was born on Christmas Day 1831 in County Dublin. He was the third son of Andrew Christopher Palles (1801-1880), a solicitor, and his wife Eleanor Mary Palles (née Plunkett) (1801-1877). Another son was Andrew Christopher Palles, who became an architect. Palles's ancestors (the earliest known version of the surname is de Palatio) were of Italian origin, and came to Ireland in the late fifteenth century in the entourage of their relative Ottaviano Spinelli de Palatio, who was Papal Legate, and Archbishop of Armagh from 1478 to 1513. Palles was educated at Clongowes Wood College and Trinity College Dublin, f ...
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