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Hossein Vahid Khorasani
Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Hossein Wahid Khorasani ( fa, حسین وحید خراسانی; born Mohammad-Hossein Molla-Saleh (Persian: ); 1 January 1921) is an Iranian author and Shia marja'. He is the current head of the Qom Seminary. Khorasani is considered to be the most learned Shia religious authority alive. Early life and education Khorasani was born in Nishapur, a city 130 km west of Mashhad, to Sheikh Esmail Khorasani, a revered alim and orator. He began his religious education at an early age in Mashhad, completing his ''muqadamat'' and Arabic under Sheikh Shams and al-Muhaqiq al-Mughani in the Ba'in Ya school. He then moved to the Mirza Jafar school and completed his intermediate level studies under Sheikh Husayn Birsi, Mirza Ahmed Kifaei, Abu al-Qasim al-Hakim al-Ilahi and Sheikh Husayn-Ali al-Isfahani. He also attended the classes of Mirza Mehdi al-Isfahani, Sheikh Mahdi al-Ishtiyani and Sheikh Muhammad Nahawndi. He received an ijaza from his teacher Sayyid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadeq Larijani
Sadeq Ardeshir Larijani ( fa, صادق اردشیر لاریجانی; born 12 March 1961), better known as Amoli Larijani ( fa, آملی لاریجانی), is an Iranian scholar, conservative politician, and current chairman of Expediency Discernment Council. He is the former and fifth Chief Justice of the judicial system of Iran after the 1979 revolution. Early life and education He was born in 1339 solar (1961) in Najaf, to Iranian parents. His father, Ayatollah Mirza Hashem Amoli, was an eminent Mujtahid of his time who worked in Najaf after being exiled by Mohammad Reza Shah. The family moved to Iran after the Iranian Revolution in 1979. Larijani became familiar with both religious sciences and modern sciences as child. He began his primary school in 1345 solar (1966) and finished high school in 1356 solar (1977). Following high school, he began his seminary studies in Qom. He finished his seminary studies in 1368 solar (1989) then began to teach in both seminary and univer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Najaf
Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2013 was 1,000,000 people. It is the capital of Najaf Governorate. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, whilst also remaining the center of Shia political power in Iraq. Name According to Ibn al-Manzur, the word, "najaf" (), literally means a high and rectangular place around which water is accumulated, although the water does not go above its level. Al-Shaykh al-Saduq appeals to a hadith from Imam al-Sadiq (a), claiming that "Najaf" comes from the phrase, "nay jaff" which means "the nay sea has dried" which gradually changed into "Najaf". "Najaf" is usually accompanied with the adjective, "al-Ashraf" (dignified). According to the author of ''al-Hawza al-'ilmiyya f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urwa Al-Wuthqa
Urwa al-Wuthqa (Arabic: العروة الوثقي) is Mohammed Kazem Yazdi's book which is considered as the most prominent compilation and Fiqhi book of him so that it is mentioned there are many—Islamic—scholars who hold this book with themselves. This compilation's author is known as the Sahib-Urwa (the owner of Urwa). The mentioned book includes diverse chapters of Fiqh, and expresses (Islamic) legal rulings/problems. On the whole, Urwa al-Wuthqa consists of 3260 problems in three volumes; its first volume includes the matters of Ijtihad and Taqlid, the books of: al-Taharah, al-Salah, al-Sawm, al-E'tekaf, al-Zakat, al-Khoms, al-Haj, al-Ijarah, al-Mudharebah, al-Mazare'ah, al-Musaqat, al-Dhiman, al-Hawalah, al-Nikah and al-Wasiah. The second volume of that consists of: the matters of hypocrisy Hormah (being haram), Iddah matters and its rulings; the book of al-Hibah, the book of al-Waqf; and a small Risalah in Sadaqah Bel-Ma'ni al-Khasah. The third volume of the book of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Leader Of Iran
The Supreme Leader of Iran ( fa, رهبر ایران, rahbar-e irān) is the List of heads of state of Iran, head of state of the Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran. The Supreme Leader directs the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, executive system and History of the judicial system of Iran, judicial system of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Islamic theocratic government and is the Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian Armed Forces, commander-in-chief of the Iranian Armed Forces. The Supreme Leader is the highest-ranking political and religious authority of Iran. The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, armed forces, Judicial system of Iran, judiciary, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, state television, and other key government organisations such as Guardian Council and Expediency Discernment Council are subject to the Supreme Leader."Who's in Charge?" by Ervand Abrahamian ''London Review of Books'', 6 November 2008 According to the constitution, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Sadeq Rouhani
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Sadiq Husayni Rohani ( fa, ; 16 July 1926 – 16 December 2022) was an Iranian Shia marja'. Rohani resided in Qom. He claimed to have gained ijtihad from the grand Ayatollah Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, at the age of 14. He announced his marja'iyya after the death of grand Ayatollah Hossein Borujerdi, at the age of 35. Rohani was one of the first senior clerics to be placed under house arrest under direct order from grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini just a few years after the Iranian revolution. Rohani was a critic of the Iranian government nowadays. Early life and education Rohani was born on 16 July 1926, to Sayyid Mahmoud Rohani (d. 1961), a renowned instructor in the Islamic seminary of Qom. It is believed that his father was the person who convinced Sheikh Abd al-Karim al-Haeri to move to the city of Qom and establish the seminary there. His mother was the daughter of Sayyid Ahmed Tabatabei Qomi, an Imam of the Fatima Masumeh Shrine. His brothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawad Tabrizi
Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Mirza Jawad Kubar Tabrizi ( fa, ; 1926 – November 20, 2006) was an Iranian Shia marja'. Tabrizi was another prominent student of the late grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, and one of the leading religious authorities that came to light after the death of al-Khoei. Early life and education Tabrizi was born in Tabriz, to Ali Kubar, a merchant, and Fatima Sultan. He claimed descent to the Prophet Muhammad through his mother, who was a Sayyida. Education He began his academic education in school, and completed his matriculation in Tabriz. However, he did ended up changing his mind, and going to the Islamic seminary. His family were not encouraging, since at that time, the government of Pahlavi dynasty was continuously pressuring the clerical class of the country. However, his family eventually accepted his fact, and Tabrizi began his Islamic education. He travelled to Qom in 1948, and studied under the thriving seminary under the spiritual g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah
Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah (also Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadl-Allāh; ar, محمد حسين فضل الله; 16 November 1935 – 4 July 2010) was a prominent twelver Shia cleric from a Lebanese family. Born in Najaf, Iraq, Fadlallah studied Islam in Najaf before moving to Lebanon in 1952. In the following decades, he gave many lectures, engaged in intense scholarship, wrote dozens of books, founded several Islamic religious schools, and established the ''Mabarrat Association''. Through the aforementioned association, he established a public library, a women's cultural center, and a medical clinic. Fadlallah was sometimes called the "spiritual mentor" of Hezbollah in the media, although this was disputed by other sources. He was also the target of several assassination attempts, including the 1985 Beirut car bombing. His death was followed by a huge turnout in Lebanon, visits by virtually all major political figures across the Lebanese spectrum, and statem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatimah
Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, the fourth of the Rashidun Caliphs and the first Shia Imam. Fatima's sons were Hasan and Husayn, the second and third Shia Imams, respectively. Fatima has been compared to Mary, mother of Jesus, especially in Shia Islam. Muhammad is said to have regarded her as the best of women and the dearest person to him. She is often viewed as an ultimate archetype for Muslim women and an example of compassion, generosity, and enduring suffering. It is through Fatima that Muhammad's family line has survived to this date. Her name and her epithets remain popular choices for Muslim girls. When Muhammad died in 632, Fatima and her husband Ali refused to acknowledge the authority of the first caliph, Abu Bakr. The couple and their supporters held that Ali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umar At Fatimah's House
The attack on Fatima's house refers to a disputed violent attack on the house of Fatima, daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The attack allegedly took place shortly after the death of Muhammad in 11 AH (632 CE) and was instigated by his successor Abu Bakr and led by Umar, another companion. The purpose of the attack was to arrest Fatima's husband Ali, who had withheld his pledge of allegiance. It is alleged that her injuries during the raid directly caused the young Fatima's miscarriage and death within six months of Muhammad. The above allegations are brought forward by the Shia and categorically rejected by the Sunni, the two largest branches of Islam. On the one hand, Shia historians list some early Sunni sources that corroborate these allegations, and point out that sensitive information about the incident has been censored by Sunni scholars who were concerned with the righteous presentation of companions. On the other hand, it is unimaginable for Sunnis that the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Qasim Al-Khoei
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Musawi al-Khoei ( ; ar, أبو القاسم الموسوي الخوئي; fa, ; November 19, 1899 – August 8, 1992) was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia marja'. Al-Khoei is considered one of the most influential twelver scholars. After the death of Muhsin al-Hakim, he became the spiritual leader of much of the Shia world until his death in 1992. He was succeeded briefly by Abd al-A'la al-Sabziwari, until his death in 1993. Then his former student, Ali al-Sistani, took leadership of the seminary, whereby many of his followers became followers of al-Sistani. Biography Al Khoei was born in the Iranian city of Khoy, West Azerbaijan province in 1899, Khoei grew up in Iran. Around the age of 13, along with his older brother, Abdullah, he moved to Iraq and took up residence in the holy city of Najaf where he began studying Shia theology with the scholars of that city. He eventually attained the rank of Ayatollah and was subsequently made a marja. Kho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhsin Al-Hakim
Muhsin al-Tabatabaei al-Hakim ( ar, محسن الطباطبائي الحكيم; 31 May 1889 – 2 June 1970) was an Iraqi Shia religious authority. He became the leading marja' of Najaf in 1946 after the death of Abu al-Hasan al-Isfahani, and of the majority of the Shia world in 1961, after the death of Hossein Borujerdi. See also * Abu al-Hasan al-Isfahani *Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei *Aqa Najafi Quchani Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Hosseini Quchani ( fa, سید محمد حسن حسینی قوچانی), known as Aqa Najafi Quchani ( fa, آقا نجفی قوچانی) was one of the Islamic scholars and jurists of the fourteenth century AH. He was one ... * Najaf Seminary References External linksShia Leadership {{DEFAULTSORT:Hakim, Muhsin Al- Iraqi ayatollahs 1889 births 1970 deaths Al-Hakim family Iraqi anti-communists Burials at Imam Ali Mosque Iraqi Shia Muslims 20th-century Iraqi people Pupils of Muhammad Kadhim Khorasani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
