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Hoplobatrachus Litoralis
''Hoplobatrachus'' is a genus of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae. This genus is found in both Sub-Saharan Africa and southern and southeastern Asia. It is the sister taxon of ''Euphlyctis'', although there is some evidence that it might be paraphyletic with respect to ''Euphlyctis''. These frogs are sometimes known as the crowned bullfrogs oder the tiger frogs.Channing, A. & Rödel, M.-O. (2019) Field guide to the frogs & other amphibians of Africa. Struiker Nature, Cape Town. Species ''Hoplobatrachus'' has five described species: * ''Hoplobatrachus crassus'' (Jerdon, 1854) * '' Hoplobatrachus litoralis'' Hasan, Kuramoto, Islam, Alam, Khan, and Sumida, 2012 * ''Hoplobatrachus occipitalis'' (Günther, 1858) * '' Hoplobatrachus rugulosus'' (Wiegmann, 1834) * ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus'', commonly known as the Indian bullfrog, is a large species of fork-tongued frog found in South Asia, South and Southeast Asia. A relatively large frog, it is normally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplobatrachus Tigerinus
''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus'', commonly known as the Indian bullfrog, is a large species of fork-tongued frog found in South Asia, South and Southeast Asia. A relatively large frog, it is normally green in color, although physiological traits vary between populations. Sexual dimorphism exists between males and females. Outside of its native range, ''H. tigerinus'' is a rapidly-spreading invasive species. Both adults and tadpoles can severely damage the populations of other frog species. Typically, Indian bullfrogs dwell in wetland environments. Research has been conducted on their ability to control mosquitos. Taxonomy The Indian bullfrog was first described by François-Marie Daudin in 1802, as Rana tigerina. The type locality was given as "Bengale, India". In 1992, it was transferred to the genus ''Hoplobatrachus'' by Alain Dubois, as ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus''. In addition to various other renditions and misspellings of ''R. tigerina'', other synonyms include ''Rana picta'', ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of Asia
Lists of amphibians by region are lists of amphibians in a given continent, country or smaller region. Africa *Democratic Republic of the Congo *Ghana *Guinea-Bissau *Ivory Coast **Daloa *Madagascar *Seychelles Asia *Bhutan *China **Hong Kong *India **Northeast India **Sikkim *Indonesia **Java **Sumatra *Korea *Malaysia *Nepal *Pakistan *Philippines **Cebu **Panay *Singapore *Taiwan *Thailand *Vietnam **Hoàng Liên National Park Australasia *Australia **South Australia **Western Australia **Tasmania *New Zealand Europe *Europe *Bulgaria *Cyprus *France *Gibraltar *Great Britain *Ireland *Italy *Norway *Sweden North America *North America *Canada *Mexico *United States States of the United States *Alabama *California *Colorado *Idaho *Indiana **Indiana Dunes *Iowa *Massachusetts *Michigan *Minnesota *Montana *New Mexico *New Jersey *North Carolina *Texas *Virginia **Shenandoah National Park *Washington *West Virginia *Wyoming **Yellowstone National Park Caribbean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of Sub-Saharan Africa
Amphibians are tetrapod, four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the Class (biology), class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial animal, terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplobatrachus
''Hoplobatrachus'' is a genus of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae. This genus is found in both Sub-Saharan Africa and southern and southeastern Asia. It is the sister taxon of ''Euphlyctis'', although there is some evidence that it might be paraphyletic with respect to ''Euphlyctis''. These frogs are sometimes known as the crowned bullfrogs oder the tiger frogs.Channing, A. & Rödel, M.-O. (2019) Field guide to the frogs & other amphibians of Africa. Struiker Nature, Cape Town. Species ''Hoplobatrachus'' has five described species: * ''Hoplobatrachus crassus'' (Jerdon, 1854) * '' Hoplobatrachus litoralis'' Hasan, Kuramoto, Islam, Alam, Khan, and Sumida, 2012 * ''Hoplobatrachus occipitalis'' (Günther, 1858) * '' Hoplobatrachus rugulosus'' (Wiegmann, 1834) * ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus'', commonly known as the Indian bullfrog, is a large species of fork-tongued frog found in South and Southeast Asia. A relatively large frog, it is normally green in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplobatrachus Rugulosus
The Chinese edible frog, East Asian bullfrog, or Taiwanese frog (''Hoplobatrachus rugulosus'') is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pasture land, rural gardens, urban areas, ponds, aquaculture ponds, open excavations, irrigated land, seasonally flooded agricultural land, and canals and ditches. They breed in spring to early summer. The domesticated Thai variety and wild Chinese populations of ''H. rugulosus'' belong to two separate genetic lineages respectively.Yu D, Zhang J, Li P, Zheng R, Shao C (2015) Do Cryptic Species Exist in Hoplobatrachus rugulosus? An Examination Using Four Nuclear Genes, the Cyt b Gene and the Complete MT Genome. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0124825. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124825 Yu et al. (2015) suggest that ''H. rugulosus'' may in fact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplobatrachus Occipitalis
The crowned bullfrog (''Hoplobatrachus occipitalis'') is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in the Sub-Saharan Africa (Algeria, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Western Sahara, and Zambia). Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, freshwater springs, ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplobatrachus Litoralis
''Hoplobatrachus'' is a genus of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae. This genus is found in both Sub-Saharan Africa and southern and southeastern Asia. It is the sister taxon of ''Euphlyctis'', although there is some evidence that it might be paraphyletic with respect to ''Euphlyctis''. These frogs are sometimes known as the crowned bullfrogs oder the tiger frogs.Channing, A. & Rödel, M.-O. (2019) Field guide to the frogs & other amphibians of Africa. Struiker Nature, Cape Town. Species ''Hoplobatrachus'' has five described species: * ''Hoplobatrachus crassus'' (Jerdon, 1854) * '' Hoplobatrachus litoralis'' Hasan, Kuramoto, Islam, Alam, Khan, and Sumida, 2012 * ''Hoplobatrachus occipitalis'' (Günther, 1858) * '' Hoplobatrachus rugulosus'' (Wiegmann, 1834) * ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus ''Hoplobatrachus tigerinus'', commonly known as the Indian bullfrog, is a large species of fork-tongued frog found in South Asia, South and Southeast Asia. A relatively large frog, it is normally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplobatrachus Crassus
''Hoplobatrachus crassus'', also called Jerdon's bullfrog, Jerdon's bull frog, and South Indian bullfrog, is a species of frog found widely distributed on the plains of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Its range may extend to the adjacent Bhutan and Myanmar. Description This species has a shovel shaped metatarsal tubercle and has longer hind legs than the somewhat similar ''H. tigrinus'' with which it overlaps in part of its range. When the leg is stretched along the body the tibio-tarsal (ankle) joint lies at a position between the ear and eye. Females are slightly larger than males (about 8–10 cm or more while males are about 5–8 cm). Habitat and ecology ''Hoplobatrachus crassus'' is a terrestrial frog that lives in seasonally flooded dry grasslands, open plains and arid areas, also in cultivated areas and near human settlements. Adult frogs are often found in burrows. They may aestivate during dry periods. Breeding takes place in water. Males have two vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic group (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of Synapomorphy and apomorphy, synapomorphies and symplesiomorphy, symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term was coined by Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles) which, as commonly named and traditionally defined, is paraphyletic with respect to mammals and birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphlyctis
''Euphlyctis'' is a genus of frogs in family Dicroglossidae distributed from the southwestern Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan and Afghanistan to India, Nepal, through Myanmar and Thailand to Malaya, and Sri Lanka. None of the four species assessed by the IUCN is considered threatened. Species There are eight species recognised in the genus ''Euphlyctis'': * '' Euphlyctis aloysii'' Joshy, Alam, Kurabayashi, Sumida, and Kuramoto, 2009 * ''Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis'' (Schneider, 1799) * '' Euphlyctis ehrenbergii'' (Peters, 1863) * '' Euphlyctis ghoshi'' (Chanda, 1991) * ''Euphlyctis hexadactylus'' (Lesson, 1834) * ''Euphlyctis kalasgramensis ''Euphlyctis'' is a genus of frogs in family Dicroglossidae distributed from the southwestern Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan and Afghanistan to India, Nepal, through Myanmar and Thailand to Malaya, and Sri Lanka. None of the four species assessed by ...'' Howlader, Nair, Gopalan, and Merilä, 2015 * '' Euphlyctis karaavali'' Priti, Naik, Seshadri, Sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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