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Homiphoca
''Homiphoca'' is an extinct genus of earless seals from the Pliocene of South Africa. Taxonomy The type species of ''Homiphoca'', ''H. capensis'', was originally described as a species of the dubious delphinoid '' Prionodelphis'', ''P. capensis''. Later analysis in 1980 showed that ''P. capensis'' was a pinniped and not a cetacean, necessitating erection of the new genus ''Homiphoca''. Cladistic analysis places ''Homiphoca'' as a member of Lobodontini, which includes the crabeater, Weddell, Ross, and leopard seals. Fossils ''Homiphoca'' remains are known with certainty only from Langebaanweg, South Africa. Remains from Pliocene deposits in Florida and the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, have been referred to the genus, although Berta et al. (2015) questioned this referral based on results of their cladistic analysis of '' Pliophoca''.Annalisa Berta, Sarah Kienlead, Giovanni Bianucci & Silvia Sorbi A Reevaluation of Pliophoca etrusca (Pinnipedia, Phocidae) from the Pliocene of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earless Seal
The earless seals, phocids or true seals are one of the three main groups of mammals within the seal lineage, Pinnipedia. All true seals are members of the family Phocidae (). They are sometimes called crawling seals to distinguish them from the fur seals and sea lions of the family Otariidae. Seals live in the oceans of both hemispheres and, with the exception of the more tropical monk seals, are mostly confined to polar, subpolar, and temperate climates. The Baikal seal is the only species of exclusively freshwater seal. Taxonomy and evolution Evolution The earliest known fossil earless seal is ''Noriphoca gaudini'' from the late Oligocene or earliest Miocene ( Aquitanian) of Italy. Other early fossil phocids date from the mid-Miocene, 15 million years ago in the north Atlantic. Until recently, many researchers believed that phocids evolved separately from otariids and odobenids; and that they evolved from otter-like animals, such as ''Potamotherium'', which inhabited E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Delphinoid
Delphinoidea is the largest group of toothed whales with 66 genera in 6 families. The largest living member of the superfamily is the killer whale, which can reach 6 tons, while the smallest is the vaquita. Taxonomy Based on McGowen ''et al''., 2019 Superfamily Delphinoidea :Family † Albireonidae :::Genus ''Albireo'' :Family Delphinidae :: Subfamily Delphininae ::: Genus '' Delphinus'' ::: Genus '' Lagenodelphis'' ::: Genus ''Sotalia'' :::Genus '' Sousa'' ::: Genus ''Stenella'' ::: Genus ''Tursiops'' :: Subfamily Globicephalinae ::: Genus †'' Astadelphis'' ::: Genus '' Feresa'' ::: Genus '' Globicephala'' ::: Genus '' Grampus'' ::: Genus ''Orcaella'' ::: Genus '' Peponocephala'' ::: Genus '' Pseudorca'' ::: Genus '' Steno'' ::Subfamily Lissodelphininae ::: Genus '' Cephalorhynchus'' ::: Genus '' Lissodelphis'' :: Subfamily Orcininae ::: Genus †'' Arimidelphis'' ::: Genus †'' Eodelphinus'' ::: Genus †'' Hemisyntrachelus'' ::: Genus '' Orcinus'' :: Subfamily incert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliophoca
''Pliophoca'' is an extinct genus of seal in the family Phocidae. Fossil record This genus is known from late Pliocene (Piacenzian) marine deposits in northern Italy. Numerous disassociated monachine remains from the Lee Creek Mine of North Carolina were assigned by Koretsky and Ray (2008), but Berta et al. (2015) rejected the referral and suggested that they may be distinct, which was confirmed by Dewaele et al. (2018), who erected ''Auroraphoca'' for two of the Lee Creek specimens that Koretsky and Ray (2008) assigned to ''Pliophoca''. This fossil species of seal, ancestor of the Mediterranean monk seal (''Monachus monachus'') has been found only in late Pliocene (Piacenzian The Piacenzian is in the international geologic time scale the upper stage (stratigraphy), stage or latest age (geology), age of the Pliocene. It spans the time between 3.6 ± 0.005 year#SI prefix multipliers, Ma and 2.588 ± 0.005 Ma (million yea ...) deposits at Orciano and Volterra in Tuscany. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliocene Pinnipeds
The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58See the 2014 version of the ICS geologic time scale million years ago. It is the second and most recent epoch of the Period in the . The Pliocene follows the Epoch and is followed by the |
Prehistoric Carnivoran Genera
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Pinnipeds
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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