Hokitika Clock Tower
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Hokitika Clock Tower
The Hokitika Clock Tower, initially called the Westland War Memorial and then the Coronation and War Memorial, is a prominent landmark in Hokitika, New Zealand. The memorial was initiated, fundraised for, and carried out by a committee, to commemorate the region's contribution to the Second Boer War; not just the four local men who had died but all 130 who had gone to war in South Africa. An additional purpose was to provide Hokitika with a town clock. The driving force behind the initiative was Henry Michel, the mayor of Hokitika at the time. After fundraising had begun, the upcoming coronation of Edward VII was announced and the tower was designated to also commemorate that occasion. Former resident of Hokitika and then premier of the country, Richard Seddon, lent his support, laid the foundation stone, and gave the main speech at the memorial's unveiling, some 17 months later in June 1903. Seddon's wife was a significant fundraiser in Wellington for the project, raising 7% o ...
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Grey District
Grey District is a district in the West Coast Region of New Zealand that covers Greymouth, Runanga, Blackball, Cobden, and settlements along the Grey River. It has a land area of . The seat of the Grey District Council, the local government authority that administers the district, is at Greymouth, where % of the district's population live. The Grey District is on the West Coast of the South Island. It stretches from the south banks of the Punakaiki River in the north, southeast to Mt Anderson, north to The Pinacle, southeast to Craigeburn, in a southeast direction to Mt Barron, southwest to Jacksons and following the Taramakau River to the Tasman Sea. The district is rich in history and character. Key industries are tourism, mining, agriculture, fishing, manufacturing and services industries. The main hospital for the West Coast is in Greymouth. Demographics Grey District covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. live in ...
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Hokitika Borough
The Hokitika Borough was the borough council covering the urban part of the town of Hokitika, New Zealand between 1867 and 1989, when Hokitika Borough and Westland County merged to form Westland District. History During the time of the West Coast Gold Rush, Hokitika became the capital for the West Coast of the South Island. A Town Improvement Committee was established in 1865. This committee was succeeded by a new Municipal Corporation, for which a nomination meeting was held on 25 September 1866, where there was great confusion about the correct electoral procedure. As more nominations were received than were positions available, an election was held on 3 October. Many members of the Town Improvement Committee did not make the election, and the councillors elected were W. Hungerford, James Bonar, Charles Williams, James R. Anderson, R. Ecclesfield, A. Cumming, William Shaw, F. L. Clarke, and J. Fitzsimmons. The councillors first met on 9 October 1866 and elected James Bonar as t ...
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Grand Master (Masonic)
A Grand Master is a title of honour as well as an office in Freemasonry, given to a freemason elected to oversee a Masonic jurisdiction, derived from the office of Grand Masters in chivalric orders. He presides over a Grand Lodge and has certain rights in the constituent Lodges that form his jurisdiction. In most, but not all cases, the Grand Master is styled "Most Worshipful Grand Master." One example of a differing title exists in the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, where the Grand Master is titled "Right Worshipful". Under the Grand Lodge of Scotland, the role is titled "Grand Master Mason". Deputies Just as the Worshipful Master of a Lodge annually appoints lodge officers to assist him, so the Grand Master of each Grand Lodge annually appoints Grand Lodge officers to assist him in his work. Grand Lodges often elect or appoint Deputy Grand Masters (sometimes also known as District Deputy Grand Masters) who can act on behalf of the Grand Master when he is unable to do so. In ...
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Ross, New Zealand
Ross is a small town located in the Westland District on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, south-west of Hokitika and north-east of Hari Hari by road. History Ross was established in the 1860s, during the West Coast Gold Rush, and became an important centre for miners. At its largest, the town had around 2,500 inhabitants, but the population declined after local goldfields were depleted in the early 1870s. Quartz was occasionally mined on Mount Greenland, a nearby ridge, but little more gold was found until two miners discovered a large 3.1-kilogram nugget in 1909, which was later named the "Honourable Roddy Nugget", after Roderick McKenzie, the Minister for Mines at the time. From 1872 to the early 1900s a number of Chinese lived and worked in Ross, and a Chinese Miners' Memorial Garden on the shore of Ross Lake commemorates them. The settlement was originally called Jones Flat, but was also sometimes known as Georgetown and Totara. It was given the name R ...
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Ross Branch (railway Line)
The Ross Branch, officially known as the Hokitika Line since 2011, and previously as the Hokitika Industrial Line, is a branch line railway that forms part of New Zealand's national rail network. It is located in the Westland District of the South Island's West Coast region and opened to Hokitika in 1893. A further extension to Ross operated from 1909 until 1980. Construction The first line opened in the region was a bush tramway built to a gauge of 1,219mm (4 ft). It ran from Greymouth south to Paroa and opened in 1867. Ten years later, an extension inland to Kumara was opened, with the Taramakau River crossed by a cage suspended from a wire. Around this time, plans were formulated to replace the tramway with a railway and link Greymouth and Hokitika. Work began in 1879, but the economic conditions of the Long Depression brought construction to a halt the next year with only 5 km of track laid. Furthermore, the residents of Kumara, led by future Prime Mini ...
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Hokitika River
The Hokitika River is in the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is about long, beginning in the Southern Alps, emerging from the narrow Hokitika Gorge after merging with the Whitcombe River, and flowing into the Tasman Sea just south of the town of Hokitika. The river then feeds into the offshore Hokitika Canyon, which merges with the Cook Canyon to form the Cook Channel. The canyons extend to about and are important spawning areas for hoki, hake and orange roughy. The Hokitika River, and its eastern tributary, the Kokatahi River, have formed the Kowhitirangi- Kokatahi alluvial plain; a fertile and productive land extensively used for dairy farming. The entrance to the Hokitika River was once used as a harbour during the West Coast Gold Rush The West Coast Gold Rush, on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, lasted from 1864 to 1867. Description The gold rush populated the area, which up until then had been visited by few Europeans. Gold ...
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Kumara Borough
Kumara may refer to: Places * Kumara (Mali), a province * Kumara, New Zealand, a town * Kumara (New Zealand electorate), a Parliamentary electorate Other uses * Kumara Illangasinghe, an Anglican bishop in Sri Lanka * Kumara (surname) * The Four Kumaras, sages from the Hindu tradition * Sweet potato, called ''kumara'' in New Zealand :* Sweet potato cultivation in Polynesia, for information about kumara in a Polynesian context * ''Kumara'' (plant), a genus of plants from South Africa related to ''Aloe'' * A Hindu god and general, also named Kartikeya * ''Agrius convolvuli ''Agrius convolvuli'', the convolvulus hawk-moth, is a large hawk-moth. It is common throughout Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and New Zealand, partly as a migrant. In New Zealand, it is also known as the kumara moth, and in the Māori language ...
'', also named ''kumara moth'' {{disambiguation ...
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Greymouth Borough
The Greymouth Borough was the borough council covering the urban part of Greymouth, New Zealand between and , when it became part of Grey District. History The Municipal Corporations Act, 1867 was passed by the New Zealand Parliament, and this allowed for petitions to the governor for towns to be constituted a borough. This would then allow such borough to govern itself. Such a petition was forwarded on behalf of the citizens by John Hall in May 1868. By notice in the ''New Zealand Gazette'' on 16 July 1868, Greymouth was constituted a borough; the same day as Timaru. The boundaries of the borough were defined as follows: The area covered by the borough was later extended to the north across the Grey River, and the suburbs of Cobden (effective 1 October 1934) and Coal Creek were added. Greymouth Borough existed until its abolition in the 1989 local government reforms, when the area was amalgamated with Grey County to form Grey District. Out of 22 candidates, the first nine co ...
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Ross Borough
The Ross Borough was the borough council covering the town of Ross, New Zealand and the nearby locality Donoghues, between 1878 and 1972, when Ross Borough was merged back into Westland County. History The area was first occupied by white settlers in 1865 after the discovery of gold in the Tōtara River and in Jones Creek. Ross was initially administered by the Canterbury Provincial Council based in Christchurch, and then by the successor government agency Westland County from 1868 to 1873, which was succeeded by Westland Province from 1873 to 1876. With the abolition of the provincial government system, the area came under the control of Westland County; equal in name to the organisation from 1873 but with the functions of a county council as opposed to provincial government. In September 1877, some residents of Ross met "to take into consideration the advisability of forming Ross into a municipality"; at the time the area was part of Westland County. The first step was to form ...
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Brunner Borough
The Brunner Borough was a borough on New Zealand's West Coast from 1887 to 1971. It was formed from an area that belonged to Grey County and, at disestablishment, merged back into Grey County. History In September 1887, some residents petitioned the governor, Sir William Jervois, to have Brunner (at the time still commonly called Brunnerton) and some nearby settlements constituted a borough. The petition was granted and an election for mayor was called for 21 November 1887. Two candidates contested the election and Francis McParland was successful. Three days later, nine councillors were elected, with 21 candidates contested this second election. One of the successful candidates was Joseph Petrie, who was simultaneously the mayor of Greymouth. The newly elected council first met on 26 November 1887 and with that meeting, the borough came into existence. In early 1887, Grey County had committed itself to building a footbridge over the Grey River connecting Wallsend and Taylorv ...
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Greymouth
Greymouth () (Māori: ''Māwhera'') is the largest town in the West Coast region in the South Island of New Zealand, and the seat of the Grey District Council. The population of the whole Grey District is , which accounts for % of the West Coast's inhabitants. The Greymouth urban area had an estimated population of A large proportion of the District, 65%, is part of the Conservation Estate owned and managed by the Department of Conservation making Greymouth a natural centre for walkers and trampers. Location The town is located at the mouth of the Grey River, on a narrow coastal plain close to the foot of the Southern Alps. In clear weather, Aoraki / Mount Cook can be clearly seen to the south from near the town. The mouth of the river divides the town into three areas: Blaketown, close to the river's mouth on the south bank; Karoro, to the southeast, separated from Blaketown by a series of small estuarine lagoons; and Cobden, formerly a separate town, on the river's north ...
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Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori
' is a line from the ''Odes'' (III.2.13) by the Roman lyric poet Horace. The line translates: "It is sweet and proper to die for one's country." The Latin word ''patria'' (homeland), literally meaning the country of one's fathers (in Latin, ''patres'') or ancestors, is the source of the French word for a country, ''patrie'', and of the English word "patriot" (one who loves their country). Horace's line was quoted in the title of a poem by Wilfred Owen, " Dulce et Decorum est", published in 1921, describing soldiers' horrific experiences in World War I. Owen's poem, which calls Horace's line "the old Lie", essentially ended the line's straightforward uncritical use. Before 1920, the phrase had tended to appear in memorials and monuments to the fallen; after 1921, it tended to decry propaganda and war. Context The poem from which the line comes, exhorts Roman citizens to develop martial prowess such that the enemies of Rome, in particular the Parthians, will be too terrifi ...
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