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Hesyre
Hesy-Ra (also read Hesy-Re and Hesire) was an ancient Egyptian high official during the early Third Dynasty of Egypt. His most notable title was ''Wer-ibeḥsenjw'', meaning either "Great one of the ivory cutters" or "Great one of the dentists", which makes him the earliest named dentist. His tomb is noted for its paintings and cedar wood panels. Identity Thanks to several clay seal impressions found in Hesy-Ra's tomb, it is today known that this high official lived and worked during the reign of king (pharaoh) Djoser and maybe also under king Sekhemkhet. Hesy-Ra's name is of some interest to Egyptologists and historians alike, because it is linked to the sun god Ra. Hesy-Ra, alongside a few high officials at this time, belongs to the first high officials who were allowed to link their names to Ra. However, they were not allowed to use the sun disk hieroglyph to write Ra's name. This was permitted to the king only.Wolfgang Helck: ''Geschichte des alten Ägypten'' (= ''Handbuch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khabawsokar
Khabawsokar (also read Khabawseker) was an Ancient Egyptian high official during the early to midst 3rd dynasty. He is famous for his tomb inscription and his unique nickname.Peter Jánosi: ''Die Gräberwelt der Pyramidenzeit'' (= ''Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie''-series). von Zabern, Mainz 2006, , p. 16, 31 - 33. Identity Family Khabawsokar was married to the ''priestess of Hathor'', ''Hathor-neferhetepes''. Titles As a high-ranking official and priest, Khabawsokar bore several elite and pious titularies:William Stevenson Smith, William Kelly Simpson: ''The art and architecture of ancient Egypt'' (= ''The Pelican history of art'', vol. 14), 2nd edition. Penguin Books, New York 1981, , p. 63–67. * ''Confidant of the king'' (Egyptian: ''Rekh-neswt''). A title that allowed Khabawsokar to receive audiences at the pharaoh. * ''Privy council'' (Egyptian: ''Sa'ab''). * ''High priest of Anubis'' (Egyptian: ''Heqa-netjer-Inpu''). * ''God's servant of Sokar'' (Egyptian: ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhetaa
Akhetaa (also written Achtiaa and Aa-Akhti) was an ancient Egyptian high official during the mid to late 3rd Dynasty ( Old Kingdom period). He is mostly known for his tomb inscriptions, which refer to various seldom used titles as well as to the shadowy king Nebka, in whose cult Akhetaa served. Identity Family Akhetaa was married to the ''confidant of the king'', ''Meretenes''. This lady is possibly the first of the Old Kingdom who was honoured with the female version of the aristocratic title "confidant of the king". Titles As a high-ranking official and priest, Akhetaa bore several elite and pious titularies: * Confidant of the king (Egyptian: ''Rekh-neswt''). * Companion of the royal house (Egyptian: ''Semer-per-nesw''). * Great one of the 'ten of Upper Egypt (Egyptian: ''Wer-medj-shemaw''). * Privy to all secrets and affairs of the king (Egyptian: ''Herj-seshet-neb-hety-nebef-en-nesw''). * Director of the food menu (Egyptian: ''Kherep-seh''). * Director of the twin b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sneferu
Sneferu ( snfr-wj "He has perfected me", from ''Ḥr-nb-mꜣꜥt-snfr-wj'' "Horus, Lord of Maat, has perfected me", also read Snefru or Snofru), well known under his Hellenized name Soris ( grc-koi, Σῶρις by Manetho), was the founding pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt during the Old Kingdom. Estimates of his reign vary, with for instance ''The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt'' suggesting a reign from around 2613 to 2589 BC, a reign of 24 years, while Rolf Krauss suggests a 30-year reign, and Rainer Stadelmann a 48-year reign. He built at least three pyramids that survive to this day and introduced major innovations in the design and construction of pyramids. Reign length The 24-year Turin Canon figure for Sneferu's reign is considered today to be an underestimate since this king's highest-known date is an inscription discovered at the Red Pyramid of Dahshur and mentioning Sneferu's 24th cattle count, corresponding to at least 24 full years. Sneferu, however, was kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
27th-century BC People
The 7th century is the period from 601 ( DCI) through 700 ( DCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era. The spread of Islam and the Muslim conquests began with the unification of Arabia by Muhammad starting in 622. After Muhammad's death in 632, Islam expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula under the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661) and the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750). The Muslim conquest of Persia in the 7th century led to the downfall of the Sasanian Empire. Also conquered during the 7th century were Syria, Palestine, Armenia, Egypt, and North Africa. The Byzantine Empire suffered setbacks during the rapid expansion of the Caliphate, a mass incursion of Slavs in the Balkans which reduced its territorial limits. The decisive victory at the Siege of Constantinople in the 670s led the empire to retain Asia Minor which assured the existence of the empire. In the Iberian Peninsula, the 7th century was known as the ''Siglo de Concilios'' (century of councils) refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People Of The Third Dynasty Of Egypt
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Ancient Egyptian Scribes
This is a list of Egyptian scribes, almost exclusively from the ancient Egyptian periods. The hieroglyph used to signify the scribe, ''to write'', and ''"writings"'', etc., is Gardiner sign Y3, Y3 from the category of: 'writings, games, & music'. The hieroglyph contains the scribe's writing palette, a vertical case to hold writing-reeds, and a leather pouch to hold the colored ink blocks, mostly black and red. Alphabetic list :''This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.'' *Ahmes * Amenemope (author) *Amenemope (Papyrus Anastasi I) *Amenhotep, son of Hapu * Amenmose *Ani, of the Papyrus of Ani for scribe Ani * Ankhefenamun * Butehamun * Dua-Kheti-("Kheti (scribe)") *Hesy-Ra * Hori *Hunefer * Imiseba * Kaaper *Ken-Amun * Khakheperresenb *Menna *Meryre II *Mose (scribe) *Nakht *Nakhtmin *Nebamun * Neferhotep *Pediamenopet *Penthu *Ptahhotep Tshefi *Ramose (TT7) * Reni-seneb – owner of the ''Chair of Reniseneb'' *Roy (Egyptian Noble) *Setau *''The Seated Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, . ''Magnesian limestone'' is an obsolete and poorly-defined term used variously for dolomite, for limes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Edward Quibell
James Edward Quibell (11 November 1867 – 5 June 1935) was a British Egyptology, Egyptologist. Life Quibbell was born in Newport, Shropshire. He married the Scottish artist and archaeologist Annie Abernethie Pirie Quibell, Annie Abernethie Pirie in 1900.Bierbrier, M. L. 2012. ''Who Was Who in Egyptology'' 4th edn. London: Egypt Exploration Society. pp. 450. He was educated at Adams' Grammar School in Newport and Christ Church, Oxford. He became fascinated by the antiquities, and offered himself as a pupil to Professor Flinders Petrie, with whom he worked at Koptos, Coptos in 1893, then at Nagada, Deir el-Ballas, Ballas, Thebes, Egypt, Thebes, Eileithyiaspolis, El Kab, and Nekhen, Hierakonpolis in successive years, including the Ramesseum. He also assisted Cecil Firth in his excavations in Saqqara. Between 1899 and 1904, he also served as chief inspector of antiquities for the Delta and Middle Egypt (Howard Carter, who was chief inspector at Luxor was his opposite). Later, betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Britain
Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It is dominated by a maritime climate with narrow temperature differences between seasons. The 60% smaller island of Ireland is to the west—these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands and named substantial rocks, form the British Isles archipelago. Connected to mainland Europe until 9,000 years ago by a landbridge now known as Doggerland, Great Britain has been inhabited by modern humans for around 30,000 years. In 2011, it had a population of about , making it the world's third-most-populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The term "Great Britain" is often used to refer to England, Scotland and Wales, including their component adjoining islands. Great Britain and Northern Ireland now constitute the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques De Morgan
Jean-Jacques de Morgan (3 June 1857, Huisseau-sur-Cosson, Loir-et-Cher – 14 June 1924) was a French people, French mining engineer, geologist, and archaeologist. He was the director of antiquities in Khedivate of Egypt, Egypt during the 19th century, and excavated in Memphis, Egypt, Memphis and Dashur, providing many drawings of many Egyptians, Egyptian pyramids. He also worked at Stonehenge, and Persepolis, and many other sites. He also went to Russian Armenia, as manager of a copper mine at Akhtala. "The Caucasus is of special interest in the study of the origins of metals; it is the easternmost point from which prehistoric remains are known; older than Europe and Greece, it still retains the traces of those civilizations that were the cradle of our own." In 1887-89 he unearthed 576 graves around Alaverdi, Armenia, Alaverdi and Akhatala, near the Tiflis-Alexandropol railway line. Background His father Eugène, also called "Baron" de Morgan, was an engineer in mineral f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Mariette
François Auguste Ferdinand Mariette (11 February 182118 January 1881) was a French scholar, archaeologist and Egyptologist, and the founder of the Egyptian Department of Antiquities, the forerunner of the Supreme Council of Antiquities. Early career Auguste Mariette was born in Boulogne-sur-Mer, where his father was town clerk. Educated at the Boulogne municipal college, where he distinguished himself and showed much artistic talent, he went to England in 1839 when eighteen as professor of French and drawing at a boys' school at Stratford-upon-Avon. In 1840 he became pattern-designer to a ribbon manufacturer in Coventry, but he returned the same year to Boulogne, and in 1841 took a degree at the University of Douai. Mariette proved to be a talented draftsman and designer, and he supplemented his salary as a teacher at Douai by giving private lessons and writing on historical and archaeological subjects for local periodicals. Meanwhile, his cousin Nestor L'Hôte, the friend and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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