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Helf Alliance
The Helf Alliance or Tripartite Alliance (; ''Al-Hilf al-thulathi''), was a right-wing coalition formed in 1968 by the big three mainly Christian parties in Lebanon: The Pierre Gemayel's Kataeb, the National Liberal Party of former President Camille Chamoun, and National Bloc of Raymond Eddé. The coalition called for a Lebanese Nationalism as Regional and internal tensions rise, and as relations with PLO spoils. It was also seen as a counter-force against the Arabist line incarnated during his mandate by President Fuad Chehab. The alliance well-performed in 1968 Parliamentary elections winning 30 seats in the 99 member National Assembly - the best result until 2005 elections for any organized electoral force in Lebanon's notoriously fractured legislature. In 1969, the National Bloc left the alliance over a disagreement about the Cairo Agreement. The Kataeb and the NLP, still close allies, went on to form the Lebanese Front in 1976 while expanding their Christian canton amidst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tripartite Alliance Politicians
Tripartite means composed of or split into three parts, or refers to three parties. Specifically, it may also refer to any of the following: * 3 (number) * Tripartite language * Tripartite motto * Tripartite System in British education * Tripartite classification of authority * Tripartite contract or agreement; between three parties Political: * Tripartite system (politics), the separation of political power among a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary * Tripartite Agreement (Horn of Africa), a 2018 cooperation agreement between Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia * Tripartite Agreement of 1936, an international monetary agreement entered into by the United States, France, and Great Britain to stabilize their nations' currencies. * Tripartite Pact between the Axis Powers of World War II * Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement, signed in 1947 concerning the rights of Gurkhas in military service. * Tripartite Declaration of 1950, signed by the United States, Britain, and Fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maronistan
The East Beirut canton, sometimes referred to as Marounistan, or Opp Central, was a Christian-dominated geopolitical region that existed in Lebanon from 1976 until its gradual erosion following the Taif Agreement and the end of the country's civil war. It was one of the wartime state-like territories, controlled by the Lebanese Forces (LF) militia, and was separated in the Lebanese capital, Beirut, from Muslim majority West Beirut by the Green Line, extending outside the capital northward to include the region of Keserwan up till the city of Byblos on the western coast and the northern part of Mount Lebanon to the northeast. It bordered the Zgharta region to the north, which was controlled by a rival Christian militia, the Marada Brigade which controlled a canton known as the Northern canton. East Beirut was a semi-independent region, from which Syrian troops stationed in Lebanon were mostly absent. It had its own security and legal apparatus, with the LF also providing the lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Political Party Alliances In Lebanon
{{Disambiguation ...
Defunct (no longer in use or active) may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the state of being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer maintained or required even though it may still be in good working order. It usually happens when something that is more efficient or less risky r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byblos District
Byblos District ( ar, قضاء جبيل; transliteration: ''Qadaa' Jbeil''), also called the Jbeil District (''Jbeil'' is Lebanese Arabic for "Byblos"; standard Arabic ''Jubail''), is a district (''qadaa'') of the Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate of Lebanon. It is located to the northeast of Lebanon's capital Beirut. The capital is Byblos. The rivers of al-Madfoun and Nahr Ibrahim form the district's natural northern and southern borders respectively, with the Mediterranean Sea bordering it from the west and Mount Lebanon from the east, separating it from the adjacent district of Baalbek in the Beqaa Valley. Demographics The district's population is predominantly Maronite Catholic, followed by a Shia Muslim minority community. The largest towns of the district are predominantly inhabited by Maronites; they are Byblos, Qartaba, Aqoura and Amsheet. Most Shia Muslims live in the valley of the Ibrahim River, particularly in the villages of Almat, Ras Osta, Hjoula, Bichtlida, Lassa, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Bloc (Lebanon)
The National Bloc is a secular political party in Lebanon that was founded in 1943 as a parliamentary bloc for the 1943 Lebanese elections by Émile Eddé but was later formed as a political party in 1946. History The Lebanese National Bloc party is a social liberal, democratic and secular party based on the principles of the Human Rights Charter. The party endeavors to strengthen Lebanon's entity, preserve its sovereignty and independence along with its distinctive role in the neighboring countries and the whole world. It also seeks to lay the foundations and promote the rule of law, social justice, public and private freedoms, and the well-being of the country's citizens. The party was founded by Émile Eddé in 1946. Following his death, his son, Raymond Eddé, was elected as his successor in 1949. The party represented the main political force in Lebanon in the 1940s and 1950s along with the "Constitutional Bloc" led by President Bechara El Khoury. The bloc had great ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Lebanon IV
Mount Lebanon IV ( ar, دائرة جبل لبنان الرابعة) is an electoral district in Lebanon, as per the 2017 vote law. The district elects 13 members of the Lebanese National Assembly - 5 Maronites, 4 Druze, 2 Sunni, 1 Greek Catholic and 1 Greek Orthodox. The constituency contains two 'minor districts', Aley (corresponding to Aley District) and Chouf (corresponding to Chouf District). The Aley 'minor district' elects 2 Druze, 2 Maronite and 1 Greek Orthodox parliamentarian, whilst the Chouf 'minor district' elects 3 Maronite, 2 Druze, 2 Sunni and 1 Greek Catholic parliamentarians. Electorate 40.5% of the electorate is Druze, 27% Maronite, 18.7% Sunni, 5.18% Greek Catholic, 5.14% Greek Orthodox, 2.6% Shia and 0.91% belongs to other Christian communities. Below data by 'minor district' from 2017; 2018 election Ahead of the 2018 Lebanese general election 6 lists were registered. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beirut I
Beirut I ( ar, دائرة بيروت الأولى) is an electoral district in Lebanon. The district elects eight members of the Lebanese National Assembly – three Armenian Orthodox, one Armenian Catholic, one Greek Catholic, one Greek Orthodox, one Maronite and one Minorities. The Beirut I electoral district covers four ''quartiers'' (neighbourhoods) of the Lebanese capital: Achrafieh, Saifi, Rmeil and Medawar.Table Attached to Law 44 dated 17/6/2017 (Official Gazette no.27 dated 17 June 2017) – Distribution of Seats to the Confessions and Districts'' ACE Project The area is predominately Christian; the largest community in the Beirut I electorate are Armenian Orthodox (28.33%).دائرة بيروت الاولى . '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kataeb Party
The Kataeb Party ( ar, حزب الكتائب اللبنانية '), also known in English as the Phalanges, is a Christian political party in Lebanon. The party played a major role in the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). In decline in the late 1980s and 1990s, the party slowly re-emerged in the early 2000s and is currently part of the March 14 Alliance. The party currently holds 4 out of the 128 seats in the Lebanese Parliament. Names The Lebanese Phalanges Party is also known as ' in French and either ''Kataeb'' ( ') or ''Phalangist Party'' ( ') in Arabic. ''Kataeb'' is the plural of ''Katiba'' which is a translation into Arabic of the Greek word phalanx ("battalion") which is also the origin of the Spanish term ''Falange''. In 2021, the party changed its official name to "The Kataeb Party – Lebanese Social Democratic Party" ( ar, حزب الكتائب اللبنانيّة – الحزب الديمقراطي الاجتماعي اللبناني, ''Hiẓb al-Katā'ib al-Lub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palgrave Macmillan
Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden. Its programme includes textbooks, journals, monographs, professional and reference works in print and online. It maintains offices in London, New York, Shanghai, Melbourne, Sydney, Hong Kong, Delhi, and Johannesburg. Palgrave Macmillan was created in 2000 when St. Martin's Press in the US united with Macmillan Publishers in the UK to combine their worldwide academic publishing operations. The company was known simply as Palgrave until 2002, but has since been known as Palgrave Macmillan. It is a subsidiary of Springer Nature. Until 2015, it was part of the Macmillan Group and therefore wholly owned by the German publishing company Holtzbrinck Publishing Group (which still owns a controlling interest in Springer Nature). As part of Macmillan, it was headquartered at the Macmillan campus in Kings Cross London with other Macmillan companies including Pan Macmil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazem Al-Khalil
Kazem Ismail al-Khalil (born 1901 in the Lebanese port town of Tyre/Sour, then part of the Ottoman Empire; died on 22 April 1990 in Paris at the age of 89) - commonly known as Kazem al-Khalil or Kazem el-Khalil, also transliterated Kazim from the Arabic (كاظم إسماعيل الخليل) - was a lawyer, doyen member of the Lebanese parliament, seven-time minister of the Lebanese government and right-wing militia-leader from a Shiite feudal dynasty in Southern Lebanon. Life Family background When the 1858 Ottoman Land reforms led to the accumulated ownership of large tracts of land by a few families upon the expense of the peasants, the al-Khalil family of grain merchants rose from the urban class of the mercantilist ''notables'' ("''Wujaha ") to the rank of ''Zu'ama'' (feudal landlords) in Tyre. The clan would go on to play a dominant role in the city for more than a century. It was reportedly a branch of the Zayn family in Nabatieh, which has been one of the main dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Civil War
The Lebanese Civil War ( ar, الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية, translit=Al-Ḥarb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnāniyyah) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 120,000 fatalities and an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon. The diversity of the Lebanese population played a notable role in the lead-up to and during the conflict: Sunni Muslims and Christians comprised the majority in the coastal cities; Shia Muslims were primarily based in the south and the Beqaa Valley in the east; and Druze and Christians populated the country's mountainous areas. The Lebanese government had been run under the significant influence of elites within the Maronite Christian community. The link between politics and religion had been reinforced under the French Mandate from 1920 to 1943, and the country's parliamentary structure favoured a leading position for its Christian-majority population. However, the country had a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Front
The Lebanese Front ( ar, الجبهة اللبنانية, ''al-Jabha al-Lubnaniyya'') or ''Front Libanais'' in French, was a coalition of mainly Lebanese Nationalist parties formed in 1976 by majority Christian intellectuals during the Lebanese War. It was intended to act as a reaction force to the Lebanese National Movement (LNM) of Kamal Jumblatt and other left-wing allies. The Lebanese Front was presided by the former president of Lebanon, Camille Chamoun, and its main participants were Pierre Gemayel, the founder and leader of the then-largest political party in Lebanon, the Kataeb Party, president Suleiman Frangieh, who had just finished his presidential years in office. It also included first class intellectuals, such as distinguished professor of philosophy and eminent diplomat Charles Malik who had been president of the United Nations General Assembly in 1958, and Fouad Frem al-Boustani, the president of the Lebanese University. The front also included religious figur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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