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Hazara Nationalism
Hazara nationalism is a movement that claims the Hazara people, an ethnic group native to the Hazaristan region of Afghanistan, are a distinct nation and deserve a nation-state of their own. The movement propagates the view that Muslims are not a nation and that ethnic loyalty must surpass religious loyalty, though this view has been challenged by both the 1890s independence uprisings of Hazaristan and the systematic discrimination many Hazaras have historically faced within Afghanistan. Hazara ethnicity and nationalism Hazara nationalism stems from lingual and ancestral roots in the Hazaristan region in the modern-day central Afghanistan. The movement claims to receive considerable support from the Hazara diaspora in Australia, United Kingdom, Sweden, Norway, United States, Canada and other countries. Successive Pashtun-dominated Afghan governments have repeatedly made claims that the Hazara nationalists have received funding from Iran, despite the fact that the Hazara na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hazara People
The Hazaras ( fa, , Həzārə; haz, , Āzərə) are an ethnic group and the principal component of the population of Afghanistan, native to, and primarily residing in the Hazaristan (Hazarajat) region in central Afghanistan and generally scattered throughout Afghanistan. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan, and are also significant minority groups in neighboring Pakistan, mostly in Quetta, and as well as in Iran. They speak the Hazaragi dialect of Persian, which is mutually intelligible with Dari, one of the two official languages of Afghanistan. Hazaras are considered to be one of the most persecuted groups in Afghanistan, and their persecution has occurred various times across previous decades. Etymology The etymology of the word "Hazara" remains disputed, but some have differing views on the term. *Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire in the early 16th century, records the name "Hazara" in Baburnama. He has mentioned "Hazara" as "Turkoman Hazaras" se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hezbe Wahdat
Hezb-e Wahdat-e Islami Afghanistan ( prs, حزب وحدت اسلامی افغانستان, "the Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan"), shortened to Hezbe Wahdat (, "the Unity Party"), is an Afghan political party founded in 1989. Like most contemporary major political parties in Afghanistan, Hezb-e Wahdat is rooted in the turbulent period of the anti-Soviet resistance movements in Afghanistan in the 1980s. It was formed to bring together nine separate and mostly inimical military and ideological groups into a single entity. During the period of the Afghan Civil War in the early 1990s, it emerged as one of the major actors in Kabul and some other parts of the country. Political Islamism was the ideology of most of its key leaders, but the party gradually tilted towards its Hazara ethnic support base and became the key vehicle of the community's political demands and aspirations. Its ideological background and ethnic support base has continuously shaped its character and politica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbas Noyan
Abbas Noyan ( prs, عباس نویان) is an ethnic Hazara politician. He is Afghanistan's ambassador to Sweden, from the Islamic Republic that fell in August 2021 to the Taliban. Previously he served as a Member of Parliament to Wolesi Jirga, the lower house, representing the people of Kabul province from 2005 to 2010. In 2005, he ranked seventh among candidates from Kabul province, quickly rising to one of the most prominent and active representatives at the Wolesi Jirga. During his tenure, he advocated for women's rights, education for all, a responsive and accountable government, and a strong rule of law. Noyan has worked across ethnic and sectarian divides in representing his constituents, and sought to bridge those divides by establishing a multi-ethnic political party. Early life and education Abbas Noyan hails from Turkman Valley of Parwan province and grew up in Kabul. He was born into a politically active family; his father Haji Saleh Mohammad Khan was one of the el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daoud Naji
Daoud Naji also spelled as Dawood Naji ( fa, داوود ناجی) is an ethnic Hazara politician, political activist and journalist from Afghanistan. He was senior political adviser to the Afghan National Security Council. Before he joined the government, he was a senior leader of the Enlightenment Movement of Afghanistan and the Tabassum movement. Daoud Naji has previously been a BBC Radio journalist and worked for BBC world service for 14 years. Early life and education Daoud Naji was born on 17 June 1973 in Malistan, Ghazni province. He has a bachelor's degree in Persian language and literature from the Faculty of Language and Literature at Balkh University. When the Taliban came to power, he left Mazar-e-Sharif and went to Jaghori, Ghazni province, where he worked as a teacher. In year 2000 he immigrated to Quetta, Pakistan and established the ''Albironi elementary School'' for refugees, which later became a high school. In 2002, he began working with BBC Persian as a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aziz Royesh
Azizullah Royesh (known as Aziz Royesh, fa, عزیز رویش) is a Hazara, social activist, teacher and writer from Afghanistan. Biography Aziz Royesh was born in 1969 in Fazel Baig, Kabul, Afghanistan. After leaving school at age 10, he travelled to Ghazni Province before moving to Quetta, Pakistan alone at age 11. Because Royesh had no family in Quetta, he worked in tailor shops, bakeries, and small factories to support himself. Unable to continue his formal education, he continued to study what he could on his own outside his work. At the age of 16, he returned to Afghanistan and established five schools in Ghazni province. With the reemergence of the Taliban in 1994, he returned to Pakistan and established thMarefat High Schoolfor Afghanistani Refugees in Pakistan. After the fall of the Taliban in 2001, Marefat High School was transferred to Kabul's Dashte Barchi while a branch in Pakistan remained open. The Marefat School and Royesh are subjects of a non-fiction wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dawood Sarkhosh
Dawood Sarkhosh (also spelled as Daud Sarkhosh) (Dari-Persian: ) born 26 April 1971 in Urozgan, Afghanistan, is an ethnic Hazara singer, musician and poet. Early life Sarkhosh's inspiration was his older brother Sarwar Sarkhosh, a nationalist and legendary musician of his times who was killed during the civil war. Sarkhosh learned playing dambura and singing from him at the age of seventeen. After the death of his brother Sarkhosh migrated to Pakistan first to Peshawar city then moved to Quetta, Pakistan. Career Sarkhosh revived his skills by singing and composing songs inspired by a sense of nationalism and suffering in exile. He did not sing for commercial gain, but out of nostalgia and to convey the feelings about refugee life as experienced by refugees of Afghanistan dispersed throughout the world. They went to his concerts in their thousands, marking Sarkhosh's rise as a singer. It was in Quetta that he mastered the harmonium under the Pakistani composer Arbab Ali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarwar Sarkhosh
Sarwar Sarkhosh (Dari-Persian: ) was a singer and one of the Hazara nationalists in Afghanistan. He is the elder brother of Dawood Sarkhosh, a famous singer of the Hazara people. Early life Sarwar Sarkhosh was born in 1942, in Urozgan Province (now in Daykundi Province), Afghanistan. He completed his elementary and secondary education in his home town. In the same years, with the imprisonment of his father due to ethnic prejudice against the Hazaras, the family's responsibility fell on him because he was the eldest son of his family, in this reason he was not able to continue his studies. Death In 1983 he traveled from his hometown Uruzgan to Badghis and visited some Hazara people there, after returning from the trip on 1983 he was killed in a terrorist operation. See also * Dawood Sarkhosh * List of Hazara people Hazara people make up the second or third largest ethnic group in Afghanistan with 8–12 million population, making 20%–25% of the total population of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Ali Keshtmand
Sultan Ali Keshtmand ( fa, سلطانعلی کشتمند; born May 22, 1935, in Kabul), sometimes transliterated Kishtmand, was an Afghan politician. He served twice as Chairman of the Council of Ministers during the 1980s, from 1981 to 1988 and from 1989 to 1990 in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. Early years Keshtmand was born in Kabul. He is a member of the Hazara ethnic group. He studied economics at Kabul University and became involved in the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. He joined the Parcham Faction of that party, which was led by Babrak Karmal. He sought and received political asylum from the British Prime Minister John Major. He lives in the UK. Role in politics Immediately after the April 1978 coup d'état in which the People's Democratic Party came to power, Keshtmand became the minister of planning in the newly formed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He lost that post in August 1978 when he was arrested for an alleged plot against Preside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Khan (general)
General Muhammad Musa Khan ( ur, ; ) was a Pakistan Army senior general who served as the 4th Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Army from 1958 to 1966, under President Ayub Khan. Following his tenure as C-in-C of the Army, he later became a politician. Gaining commission as a Second lieutenant in the British Indian Army, Khan served with distinction in the Burma and North African campaigns as part of the Allied effort in World War II. Following the Partition of India in 1947, he opted for the Dominion of Pakistan, subsequently transferring his military service to the newly created Pakistan Army. He led forward combat brigades against India during the First Kashmir War in 1947–1948, and eventually ascended the ranks to become C-in-C after the Pakistan Army imposed martial law in the country following the 1958 coup d'état. Khan gained notability and public fame throughout Pakistan when he was in command of the Pakistan Army during the Second Kashmir War with India in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ibrahim Khan (Afghan Leader)
Muhammad Ibrahim Khan ( prs, محمد ابراهیم خان) known as Ibrahim Gawsawar (); () was the leader of the armed uprising of the Hazara people of Afghanistan in protest against taxes during Zahir Shah's rule. Early life and story Ibrahim Gawsawar was born in 1915 in Sharistan, Uruzgan province (now Daikundi province) in Afghanistan. His father "Muhammad Musa Khan" and his grandfather "Arbab Amirdad" were the beigs and the elders of local people. Arbab Amirdad, was called Gawsawar (); (bull rider) because he was riding a "saddled cow"; And Ibrahim Khan was called the son of Gawsawar or Ibrahim Gawsawar. Uprising Ibrahim Gawsawar was the leader of the armed uprising against Zahir Shah's rule, protesting the heavy taxes imposed on the Hazaras. When the decree of Prime Minister Mohammad Hashim Khan was issued to collect oil tax was issued on a per capita basis from all animals and dairy cattle in Hazara regions, this government action made life difficult and unbearable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir Yazdanbakhsh
Mir Yazdanbakhsh () was a chieftain of the Behsud Hazaras in the Hazarajat of central Afghanistan in the 19th century. Son of Mir Wali Beg, he was born in 1790. He expelled his older brother, Mir Muhammad Shah after his father was assassinated by a minor chief. He consolidated his power to become undisputed chief of the Hazaras (?-1832) Yazdanbakhsh was a powerful figure in Behsud (in modern Wardak Province), who controlled the Shibar and Hajigak passes into Bamiyan. His great power concerned Dost Muhammad Khan, who lured him to Kabul Kabul (; ps, , ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. Located in the eastern half of the country, it is also a municipality, forming part of the Kabul Province; it is administratively divided into 22 municipal districts. Acco ... and imprisoned him. Yazdanbakhsh managed to escape, or pay a ransom, and returned to Behsud, where he continued to control the Bamiyan routes and submit revenues to Kabul. He was assassinated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taliban
The Taliban (; ps, طالبان, ṭālibān, lit=students or 'seekers'), which also refers to itself by its state (polity), state name, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a Deobandi Islamic fundamentalism, Islamic fundamentalist, militant Islamism, Islamist, Jihadism, jihadist, and Pashtun nationalism, Pashtun nationalist political movement in Afghanistan. It ruled approximately three-quarters of the country Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001), from 1996 to 2001, before being overthrown following the United States invasion of Afghanistan, United States invasion. It Fall of Kabul (2021), recaptured Kabul on 15 August 2021 after nearly 20 years of Taliban insurgency, insurgency, and currently controls all of the country, although its government has Recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, not yet been recognized by any country. The Taliban government has been criticized for restricting human rights in Afghanistan, including the right of women in Afgh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
