|
Hamnuna Zuta
Hamnuna (Hebrew: המנונא) is the name of several rabbis from the period of the Talmud, among them: * Hamnuna Saba ("the elder"). Second generation Babylonian amora (mid third century CE). A pupil of Rav. After Rav, he became the head of the rabbinical academy at Sura. The Talmud contains many halakhic rulings, aggadot and prayers from him. He was an associate of Rav Chisda. * Hamnuna Saba (Zohar). According to the Zohar, a rabbi from the Land of Israel from the third generation of tannaim. He is never mentioned in the Mishnah or Talmud, but appears frequently in the Zohar. * Hamnuna III. Third generation Babylonian amora. He grew up in Harpania and later moved to Harta of Argiz, near Baghdad. He also was a colleague of Rav Chisda, and was a pupil under Rabbi Judah and Ulla. * Hamnuna IV. Fourth generation Babylonian amora, teacher of Rav Papa. * Hamnuna Zuta ("the younger"), late fourth century CE. A confession prayer he was fond of reciting on Yom KippurBrachot 17a eventu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved throughout history as the main liturgical language of Judaism (since the Second Temple period) and Samaritanism. Hebrew is the only Canaanite language still spoken today, and serves as the only truly successful example of a dead language that has been revived. It is also one of only two Northwest Semitic languages still in use, with the other being Aramaic. The earliest examples of written Paleo-Hebrew date back to the 10th century BCE. Nearly all of the Hebrew Bible is written in Biblical Hebrew, with much of its present form in the dialect that scholars believe flourished around the 6th century BCE, during the time of the Babylonian captivity. For this reason, Hebrew has been referred to by Jews as '' Lashon Hakodesh'' (, ) since an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zohar
The ''Zohar'' ( he, , ''Zōhar'', lit. "Splendor" or "Radiance") is a foundational work in the literature of Jewish mystical thought known as Kabbalah. It is a group of books including commentary on the mystical aspects of the Torah (the five books of Moses) and scriptural interpretations as well as material on mysticism, mythical cosmogony, and mystical psychology. The ''Zohar'' contains discussions of the nature of God, the origin and structure of the universe, the nature of souls, redemption, the relationship of Ego to Darkness and "true self" to "The Light of God". The ''Zohar'' was first publicized by Moses de León (c. 1240 – 1305 CE), who claimed it was a Tannaitic work recording the teachings of Simeon ben Yochai (). This claim is universally rejected by modern scholars, most of whom believe de León, also an infamous forger of Geonic material, wrote the book himself between 1280 and 1286. Some scholars argue that the ''Zohar'' is the work of multiple medieval author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liturgy
Liturgy is the customary public ritual of worship performed by a religious group. ''Liturgy'' can also be used to refer specifically to public worship by Christians. As a religious phenomenon, liturgy represents a communal response to and participation in the sacred through activities reflecting praise, thanksgiving, remembrance, supplication, or repentance. It forms a basis for establishing a relationship with God. Technically speaking, liturgy forms a subset of ritual. The word ''liturgy'', sometimes equated in English as " service", refers to a formal ritual enacted by those who understand themselves to be participating in an action with the divine. Etymology The word ''liturgy'' (), derived from the technical term in ancient Greek ( el, λειτουργία), ''leitourgia'', which literally means "work for the people" is a literal translation of the two words "litos ergos" or "public service". In origin, it signified the often expensive offerings wealthy Greeks made in ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yom Kippur
Yom Kippur (; he, יוֹם כִּפּוּר, , , ) is the holiest day in Judaism and Samaritanism. It occurs annually on the 10th of Tishrei, the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Primarily centered on atonement and repentance, the day's observances consist of full fasting and ascetic behavior accompanied by intensive prayer as well as sin confessions (traditionally inside of a synagogue). Alongside the related holiday of Rosh HaShanah, Yom Kippur is one of the two components of the "High Holy Days" of Judaism. Etymology () means "day" in Hebrew and () is translated to "atonement". The common English translation of Yom Kippur is Day of Atonement; however, this translation lacks precision. The name Yom Kippur is based on the Torah verse, "...but on the 10th day of the seventh month it is the day of ''kippurim'' unto you..." The literal translation of ''kippurim'' is cleansing. Yom Kippur is a Jewish day to atone for misdeeds and become cleansed and purified from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamnuna Zuta
Hamnuna (Hebrew: המנונא) is the name of several rabbis from the period of the Talmud, among them: * Hamnuna Saba ("the elder"). Second generation Babylonian amora (mid third century CE). A pupil of Rav. After Rav, he became the head of the rabbinical academy at Sura. The Talmud contains many halakhic rulings, aggadot and prayers from him. He was an associate of Rav Chisda. * Hamnuna Saba (Zohar). According to the Zohar, a rabbi from the Land of Israel from the third generation of tannaim. He is never mentioned in the Mishnah or Talmud, but appears frequently in the Zohar. * Hamnuna III. Third generation Babylonian amora. He grew up in Harpania and later moved to Harta of Argiz, near Baghdad. He also was a colleague of Rav Chisda, and was a pupil under Rabbi Judah and Ulla. * Hamnuna IV. Fourth generation Babylonian amora, teacher of Rav Papa. * Hamnuna Zuta ("the younger"), late fourth century CE. A confession prayer he was fond of reciting on Yom KippurBrachot 17a eventu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rav Papa
Rav Pappa ( he, רַב פַּפָּא) (c. 300 – died 375) was a Babylonian rabbi, of the fifth generation of amoraim. Biography He was a student of Rava and Abaye. After the death of his teachers he founded a school at Naresh, a city near Sura, in which he officiated as "resh metivta," his friend and associate, Rav Huna ben Joshua, acting as "resh kallah" (356-375). Papa's father seems to have been wealthy and to have enabled his son to devote himself to study. Papa inherited some property from his father; and he also amassed great wealth by brewing beer, an occupation in which he was an expert. He likewise engaged in extensive and successful business undertakings, and his teacher Rava once said of him: "Happy is the righteous man who is as prosperous on earth as only the wicked usually are!". However, Rava also accused Papa and his friend Huna of being exploitative in business: "You would take the coats from people's backs". Rav Papa was known for his honesty in business ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamnuna IV
Hamnuna (Hebrew: המנונא) is the name of several rabbis from the period of the Talmud, among them: * Hamnuna Saba ("the elder"). Second generation Babylonian amora (mid third century CE). A pupil of Rav. After Rav, he became the head of the rabbinical academy at Sura. The Talmud contains many halakhic rulings, aggadot and prayers from him. He was an associate of Rav Chisda. * Hamnuna Saba (Zohar). According to the Zohar, a rabbi from the Land of Israel from the third generation of tannaim. He is never mentioned in the Mishnah or Talmud, but appears frequently in the Zohar. * Hamnuna III. Third generation Babylonian amora. He grew up in Harpania and later moved to Harta of Argiz, near Baghdad. He also was a colleague of Rav Chisda, and was a pupil under Rabbi Judah and Ulla. * Hamnuna IV. Fourth generation Babylonian amora, teacher of Rav Papa. * Hamnuna Zuta ("the younger"), late fourth century CE. A confession prayer he was fond of reciting on Yom KippurBrachot 17a eventua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulla (Talmud)
Ulla or 'Ulla was a Jewish Talmudist and one of the leading Halakhic amoraim in the Land of Israel during the late 3rd and early 4th centuries CE (the second and third amoraic generations). Biography In his youth he studied under R. Eleazar II, and he transmitted nine of his teacher's halakhic sayings. He was greatly respected for his learning; and during his visits to Babylonia he seems to have been invited frequently by the Resh Galuta to deliver halakhic lectures. He traveled repeatedly to the Talmudic Academies in Babylonia; and on one of his journeys he was in danger of assassination by one of his companions, saving his life only by condoning the murder of another. Ulla rendered important decisions regarding the benedictions and the calculation of the new moon, and was accustomed to promulgate his rulings in Babylonia when he went there. He was very strict in his interpretation of religious laws. On one occasion, when he heard R. Huna use an expression which he did not a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. In 762 CE, Baghdad was chosen as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, and became its most notable major development project. Within a short time, the city evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Muslim world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". Baghdad was the largest city in the world for much of the Abbasid era during the Islamic Golden Age, peaking at a population of more than a million. The city was largely destroyed at the hands of the Mongol Empire in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamnuna III
Hamnuna (Hebrew: המנונא) is the name of several rabbis from the period of the Talmud, among them: * Hamnuna Saba ("the elder"). Second generation Babylonian amora (mid third century CE). A pupil of Rav. After Rav, he became the head of the rabbinical academy at Sura. The Talmud contains many halakhic rulings, aggadot and prayers from him. He was an associate of Rav Chisda. * Hamnuna Saba (Zohar). According to the Zohar, a rabbi from the Land of Israel from the third generation of tannaim. He is never mentioned in the Mishnah or Talmud, but appears frequently in the Zohar. * Hamnuna III. Third generation Babylonian amora. He grew up in Harpania and later moved to Harta of Argiz, near Baghdad. He also was a colleague of Rav Chisda, and was a pupil under Rabbi Judah and Ulla. * Hamnuna IV. Fourth generation Babylonian amora, teacher of Rav Papa. * Hamnuna Zuta ("the younger"), late fourth century CE. A confession prayer he was fond of reciting on Yom KippurBrachot 17a eventua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tannaim
''Tannaim'' ( Amoraic Hebrew: תנאים , singular , ''Tanna'' "repeaters", "teachers") were the rabbinic sages whose views are recorded in the Mishnah, from approximately 10–220 CE. The period of the ''Tannaim'', also referred to as the Mishnaic period, lasted about 210 years. It came after the period of the ''Zugot'' ("pairs"), and was immediately followed by the period of the '' Amoraim'' ("interpreters"). The root ''tanna'' () is the Talmudic Aramaic equivalent for the Hebrew root ''shanah'' (), which also is the root-word of ''Mishnah''. The verb ''shanah'' () literally means "to repeat hat one was taught and is used to mean "to learn". The Mishnaic period is commonly divided up into five periods according to generations. There are approximately 120 known ''Tannaim''. The ''Tannaim'' lived in several areas of the Land of Israel. The spiritual center of Judaism at that time was Jerusalem, but after the destruction of the city and the Second Temple, Yohanan ben Zakkai an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamnuna Saba (Zohar)
Rav Hamnuna Saba (Hamnuna the Elder) was a Babylonian rabbi (second generation of amoraim). He was one of several amoraim named Hamnuna. He is not to be confused with the Rav Hamnuna Saba mentioned in the Zohar, who is said to have been a tanna. Biography His primary teacher was Rav, but he also learned from Rav Adda bar Ahavah and Rav Yitzchak bar Ashian Once Rav's students ate together on Friday afternoon, and asked Rav Hamnuna Saba to tell them when Shabbat Shabbat (, , or ; he, שַׁבָּת, Šabbāṯ, , ) or the Sabbath (), also called Shabbos (, ) by Ashkenazim, is Judaism's day of rest on the seventh day of the week—i.e., Saturday. On this day, religious Jews remember the biblical storie ... began so that they could remove the table and reset it for the Shabbat meal. Rav Hamnuna Saba replied that this was unnecessary, since according to Rav one must only recite kiddush and then may continue with the meal as a Shabbat meal. According to tradition, he is buri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
