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HMS Rippon (1758)
HMS ''Rippon'' was a 60-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, designed by Sir Joseph Allin and built by Israel Pownoll at Woolwich Dockyard to the draught specified by the 1745 Establishment as amended in 1752, and launched on 20 January 1758. Career Under Captain Edward Jekyll, ''Rippon'' took part in the unsuccessful attack on Martinique in January 1759. While patrolling off Brest on 10 March 1761, ''Rippon'' chased and engaged the French ship of the line ''Achille'', suffering heavy losses when a gun exploded during the action. This allowed ''Achille'' to pull away and the French ship subsequently escaped. Early on the morning of 10 August 1778, Sir Edward Vernon's squadron, consisting of ''Rippon'' (Vernon's flagship), , , ''Cormorant'', and the East India Company's ship ''Valentine'', encountered a French squadron under Admiral François l'Ollivier de Tronjoly which consisted of the 64-gun ship of the line ''Brillant'', the frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1745 Establishment
The 1745 Establishment was the third and final formal establishment of dimensions for ships to be built for the Royal Navy. It completely superseded the previous 1719 Establishment, which had subsequently been modified in 1733 and again in 1741 (but not formally replaced on either occasion). Although partially intended to correct the problems of the ships built to the earlier Establishments, the ships of the 1745 Establishment proved just as unsatisfactory, and important changes in the make-up of the Board of Admiralty, Admiralty and Navy Boards finally led to the end of the establishment era by around 1751.Lavery, The Ship of the Line - Volume 1, p 86–97. Origins When the 1706 Establishment had come into effect, British naval architecture had been set on a path of conservatism that caused stagnation in the advance of shipbuilding in Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. Over the course of the existence of the 1706 and 1719 Establishments, the sizes of ships had remaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Action Of 10 March 1761
The action of 17 July 1761 was a naval engagement fought off the Spanish port of Cádiz between a British Royal Navy squadron and a smaller French Navy squadron during the Seven Years' War. British fleets had achieved dominance in European waters over the French following heavy defeats of French fleets in 1759. To maintain this control, British battle squadrons were stationed off French ports, as well as ports in neutral but French-supporting Spain which sheltered French warships. In 1761, two French ships, the 64-gun ship of the line ''Achille'' and 32-gun frigate ''Bouffone'' were blockaded in the principal Spanish naval base of Cádiz, on the Southern Atlantic coast of Spain. ''Achille'' had departed the French Atlantic base of Brest in March, fighting though the blockade of that port, and was then trapped in Cádiz by a British squadron detached from the Mediterranean Fleet based at Gibraltar comprising ships of the line HMS ''Thunderer'' and HMS ''Modeste'', frigate HMS '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sailing Frigate
A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and maneuverability, intended to be used in scouting, escort and patrol roles. The term was applied loosely to ships varying greatly in design. In the second quarter of the 18th century, the 'true frigate' was developed in France. This type of vessel was characterised by possessing only one armed deck, with an unarmed deck below it used for berthing the crew. Late in the 19th century (British and French prototypes were constructed in 1858), armoured frigates were developed as powerful ironclad warships, the term frigate was used because of their single gun deck. Later developments in ironclad ships rendered the frigate designation obsolete and the term fell out of favour. During the Second World War the name 'frigate' was reintroduced to des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six " ratings" based on size and firepower. Rating The rating system in the Royal Navy as originally devised had just four rates, but early in the reign of Charles I, the original fourth rate (derived from the "Small Ships" category under his father, James I) was divided into new classifications of fourth, fifth, and sixth rates. While a fourth-rate ship was defined as a ship of the line, fifth and the smaller sixth-rate ships were never included among ships-of-the-line. Nevertheless, during the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the 17th century, fifth rates often found themselves involved among the battle fleet in major actions. Structurally, these were two-deckers, with a complete battery on the lower deck, and fewer guns on the upper deck (below the forecastle and quarter decks, usually with no guns in the waist on this deck). The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Indiaman
East Indiaman was a general name for any sailing ship operating under charter or licence to any of the East India trading companies of the major European trading powers of the 17th through the 19th centuries. The term is used to refer to vessels belonging to the Austrian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Portuguese, or Swedish companies. Some of the East Indiamen chartered by the British East India Company were known as "tea clippers". In Britain, the East India Company held a monopoly granted to it by Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1600 for all English trade between the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Horn. This grant was progressively restricted during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, until the monopoly was lost in 1834. English (later British) East Indiamen usually ran between England, the Cape of Good Hope and India, where their primary destinations were the ports of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. The Indiamen often continued on to China before returning to England via t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Brisson (1767)
''Brisson'' was a 22-gun corvette of the French Navy. Career ''Brisson'' was built as a fluyt for the Mississippi Company The Mississippi Company (french: Compagnie du Mississippi; founded 1684, named the Company of the West from 1717, and the Company of the Indies from 1719) was a corporation holding a business monopoly in French colonies in North America and th .... She became property of the Crown on 8 December 1769 with the liquidation of the Company, and commissioned as a light frigate. She was sold to the commerce circa September 1771. She returned to the service of the Crown when the French requisitioned in July 1778 for the defence of Pondicherry. She was captured by the British at Pondicherry in September 1778. Notes, citations, and references Notes Citations References * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Brisson (1767) Frigates of the French Navy 1767 ships ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Corvette Lawriston (1778)
''Lawriston'' was a 22-gun corvette of the French Navy. Career Originally a ship of the French East India Company, ''Lawriston'' was brought into service in the French Navy. She took part in the Siege of Pondicherry in 1778. She was returned to merchant service in June 1781 at Île de France but again requisitioned in December 1781. HMS ''Isis''Cunat, p.110 captured her on 16 February 1782, during the prelude of the Battle of Sadras The Battle of Sadras was the first of five largely indecisive naval battles fought between a British fleet (under Admiral Sir Edward Hughes) and a French fleet (under Admiral Pierre Suffren) off the east coast of India during the Anglo-French .... ''Lawriston'' was carrying a large part of the field artillery for the French army in the Indian Ocean, as well as two companies of the Légion de Lauzun. Her captain had decided to pray on small merchantmen, and failed to escape in time when the British appeared.Cunat, p.121 Citations Referen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Corvette Sartine (1778)
HMS ''Sartine'' was a French merchant vessel from Bordeaux. The French Navy pressed her into service on 3 August 1778 to assist in the defense of Pondichéry. The British captured her during the Siege of Pondicherry (1778), and took her into service under her existing name. HMS ''Sartine'' foundered in action off Calicut in November 1780. Career In 1775 the shipowner Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat (1719–97) decided to finance an expedition to the East Indies in order to take advantage of the opportunity presented by a relaxation of the monopoly on the trade hitherto awarded to the French East India Company at Lorient. He commissioned the construction of a vessel in 1775, the ''Sartine'' which left France on 19 September 1776 with instructions to sell her cargo on the Malabar coast, pick up a cargo for China, there pick up a cargo of silks and other textiles for France, and return in 1778. ''Sartine'' reached Colombo on 2 February 1777. From there she sailed to Cochin, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Pourvoyeuse (1772)
The ''Pourvoyeuse'' was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. She is notable as one of the earliest attempts at building a frigate armed with 24-pounders on the artillery deck, rather than the 18-pounders typical of the day. Career Launched at Lorient in November 1772, ''Pourvoyeuse'' was completed during the following year. During the American Revolutionary War, she took part in the Indian campaign of the naval operations, notable in the Siege of Pondicherry. At the outbreak of the war, ''Pourvoyeuse'', under Captain Saint-Orens, constituted the brunt of the French naval forces at Pondicherry, along with the 64-gun , under Captain François-Jean-Baptiste l'Ollivier de Tronjoli, whose departure for France had been delayed in response to the British preparations for war. On 21 February 1779, under Captain de Tromelin,Unienville (2004), p.260. she captured the East Indiaman .Roche indicates 21 February 1778 for the date of the capture of the ''Os ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Brillant (1774)
''Brillant'' was a 64-gun ''Solitaire''-class ship of the line of the French Navy. Career ''Brillant'' served in Suffren's campaign in the Indian Ocean, taking part in the Battle of Cuddalore. She was the main unit of the French force that drove away Commodore Vernon's squadron at the Siege of Pondicherry on 10 August 1779, and distinguished herself at the Battle of Sadras. She was present at the battles of Negapatam under Captain Armand de Saint-Félix. In July 1782, in the wake of the Battle of Negapatam, Suffren transferred Saint-Félix to ''Artésien'' and replaced him with Jean André de Pas de Beaulieu, of ''Bellone''. The frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'' had to give her mainmast to replace that of ''Brillant'', receiving herself that of ''Fortitude''. In the reshuffling of Suffren's captains in July, his nephew Pierrevert had been given command of ''Bellone'', but shortly afterwards Pierrevert was killed in the action of 12 August 1782. Consequently, Suffren returne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia), and later with East Asia. The company seized control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent, colonised parts of Southeast Asia and Hong Kong. At its peak, the company was the largest corporation in the world. The EIC had its own armed forces in the form of the company's three Presidency armies, totalling about 260,000 soldiers, twice the size of the British army at the time. The operations of the company had a profound effect on the global balance of trade, almost single-handedly reversing the trend of eastward drain of Western bullion, seen since Roman times. Originally chartered as the "Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East-Indies", the company rose to account for half of the world's trade duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Vernon (Royal Navy Officer, Born 1723)
Admiral Sir Edward Vernon (30 October 1723 – 16 June 1794) was a Royal Navy officer who became Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Station. Naval career Born the fourth son of Henry Vernon and Penelope Vernon (née Phillips) and educated at the Royal Naval Academy at Portsmouth, Vernon joined the Royal Navy in 1739 when he was appointed a Volunteer-per-order on . He was promoted to lieutenant in 1743 during the War of the Austrian Succession and assigned to the 70-gun under Captain Edward Hawke. Present at the Battle of Toulon in 1744 against a combined French and Spanish fleet, he and 22 other British seamen were sent by Hawke aboard the disabled enemy vessel ''Poder'' in order to secure her as a prize. ''Poder'' was heavily damaged, and Vernon and others began jury rigging masts in order to make her ready to sail. They neglected to observe a Spanish counter-attack and were captured. Vernon was returned to British service as part of a prisoner exchange, and in 1747 was ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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