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HMS Experiment (1774)
''Experiment'' was a 50-gun ship of the line of the British Royal Navy. Captured by French ship Sagittaire (1762), ''Sagittaire'' during the War of American Independence, she was recommissioned in the French Navy, where she served into the 1800s. British service On 11 May 1778, Captained by James Wallace (Royal Navy officer), Sir James Wallace, she captured New Hampshire Privateer "Portsmouth" off Chedabucto Head, Nova Scotia. On 28 May 1778 she captured the 16 gun Massachusetts privateer brig "Wexford" near Cape Sable Island (()). She captured 3 prizes off Cape Henry in January, 1779. When the French French invasion of Jersey (1779), attempted to invade Jersey in 1779, Admiral Mariot Arbuthnot, who had left Spithead with a squadron escorting a convoy en route to North America, sent the convoy in to Torbay and proceeded to the relief of Jersey with his ships. However, when he arrived he found that Captain Ford of had the situation well in hand. The French flotilla retreated to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Danae (1779)
HMS ''Danae'' was a 32-gun sailing frigate built for the French Navy in 1763 and captured by the British in the action of 13 May 1779, during the Anglo-French War. Following her capture she was commissioned into the Royal Navy as a convoy escort for merchant vessels sailing between England and Quebec. Paid off in 1783, she was retained for harbour service in England until 1797 when she was sold into private hands. French service ''Danae'' was laid down in September 1762 at the naval foundry in Indret, later known as Nantes. Her design followed a standard architectural plan for 8-pounder frigates pioneered by shipwright Antoine Groignard, including increased stowage and a strengthened frame for longer service at sea. Despite being intended for use during the Seven Years' War against England, delays in construction meant she was not ready for launch until October 1763 eight months after the war itself had concluded with the Treaty of Paris.Winfield, p.216 As built, ''Danae'' was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Vaillant (1756)
''Vaillant'' was a 64-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, designed by Noël Pomet, and lead ship of her class. Career In 1772, she was under La Brizollière, and bound for Saint Domingue, along with ''Actionnaire'', ''Aurore'' and ''Sylphide''. The year after, she was at Toulon under Oppède. In 1777, she was under Chabert-Cogolin in Estaing's fleet. On 14 August 1778, along with ''Hector'', she captured the 8-gun bomb vessel HMS ''Thunder'' at Sandy Hook. She took part in the Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779. She returned to Lorient that same year. In November, she was part of a division off Savannah, along with ''Zélé'' and ''Marseillais'', when the ships got separated. In 1780, Seillans took command of ''Vaillant''. The year after, she was under Bernard de Marigny Jean-Bernard Xavier Philippe de Marigny de Mandeville (1785–1868), known as Bernard de Marigny, was a French- Creole American nobleman, playboy, planter, politician, duelist, writer, horse b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Triton (1747)
''Triton'' was a 64-gun ship of the line of the French Navy designed by François Coulomb the Younger. She took part in the Seven Years' War and in the War of American Independence. Career On 30 July 1757, ''Triton'' rescued the crew of the 30-gun frigate French frigate Rose (1754), ''Rose'', and her captain, Hippolyte de Sade de Vaudronne, Sade de Vaudronne, had her beached and scuttled by fire to prevent her falling into British hands after a battle with the 32-gun HMS Thames (1758), HMS ''Thames''. In June 1758, under Captain du Lac de Montvert, ''Triton'' captured the frigate HMS Deal Castle (1756), HMS ''Deal Castle''.''Triton'' took part in the Battle of Lagos on 18–19 August 1759. In 1777, she was under François-Louis de Brach, Brach. Navy Minister Antoine de Sartine, Sartine chose her to be one of the six ships held ready for immediate departure at all times. In 1778, ''Triton'' was part of the squadron under Louis Guillouet, comte d'Orvilliers, Orvilliers, being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Glorieux
''Glorieux'' was a 74-gun ship of the line in the French Navy. Built by Clairin Deslauriers at Rochefort and launched on 10 August 1756, she was rebuilt in 1777. French service On 4 June 1781 ''Glorieux'' captured the cutter . On 30 August 1781, she was with the French fleet under Admiral de Grasse. According to French sources, the British sloop and the frigate were on picket duty in the Chesapeake when they encountered the French fleet. ''Guadeloupe'' escaped up the York River to York Town, where she would later be scuttled. The English court martial records report that ''Loyalist'' was returning to the British fleet off the Jersey coast when she encountered the main French fleet. The French frigate ''Aigrette'', with the 74-gun in sight, was able to overtake ''Loyalist''. The French took her into service as ''Loyaliste'' in September, but then gave her to the Americans in November 1781.Demerliac (1996), p.75, #481. On 12 April 1782 the ship, under command of Captain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
York River (Virginia)
The York River is a navigable estuary, approximately long,U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, accessed April 1, 2011 in eastern Virginia in the United States. It ranges in width from at its head to near its mouth on the west side of Chesapeake Bay. Its watershed drains an area of the Atlantic coastal plain, coastal plain of Virginia north and east of Richmond, Virginia, Richmond. Its banks were inhabited by indigenous peoples of North America, indigenous peoples for thousands of years. In 2003 evidence was found of the likely site of Werowocomoco, one of two capitals used by the paramount chief Powhatan before 1609. The site was inhabited since 1200 as a major village. Enormously important in later U.S. history, the river was also the scene of early settlements of the Colony of Virginia, Virginia Colony. It was the site of significant events and battles in both the American Revolutionary War and the American C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James River
The James River is a river in the U.S. state of Virginia that begins in the Appalachian Mountains and flows U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map , accessed April 1, 2011 to Chesapeake Bay. The river length extends to if one includes the Jackson River, the longer of its two source tributaries. It is the longest river in Virginia. Jamestown and Williamsburg, Virginia's first colonial capitals, and Richmond, Virginia's current capital, lie on the James River. History The Native Americans who populated the area east of the Fall Line in the late 16th and early 17th centuries called the James River the Powhatan River, named for the chief of the Powhatan Confederacy which extended over most of the Tidewater region of Virginia. The Jamestown colonists who arrived in 1607 named it "James" after King James I of England (), as they constructed the first permanent English settlement in the Americas at Jamestown along t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Tobago
The Invasion of Tobago was a French invasion of the British-held island of Tobago during the Anglo-French War. On May 24, 1781, the fleet of Comte de Grasse landed troops on the island under the command of General Marquis de Bouillé. By June 2, 1781, they had successfully gained control of the island. Background Following the Battle of Fort Royal, Hood's retreat had left Santa Lucia exposed to a French invasion. Additionally, two French ships of the line and 1300 troops sailed from Martinique against Tobago. De Grasse met with Martinique's governor, Marquis de Bouillé, and developed a plan for capturing Tobago. The French forces were to be divided, with one convoy accompanied by a small number of battle ships to head for Tobago, with the rest of the forces to land on St. Lucia as a diversion. The forces used in the diversion would then be withdrawn and sent to Tobago, reinforcing the first convoy. Led by de Bouillé and accompanied by de Grasse, the St. Lucia division withdr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Claude Amour, Marquis De Bouillé
François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé (19 November 1739 – 14 November 1800) was a French general. After distinguishing himself in the Seven Years' War, he was appointed governor of Guadeloupe in 1768. His most well-known military exploits took place in the West Indies during the American War of Independence, where he was involved in the French capture of a number of British possessions. Following that war he returned to France, where he held military commands in the country's northeast at the time of the French Revolution. A committed Royalist, he was a leading conspirator involved in the royal family's failed flight in 1791, whose failure forced Bouillé into exile. He continued to be active in consultative roles to members of the First Coalition, which opposed the forces of Revolutionary France in the early years of the French Revolutionary War. He died in exile in London, and is mentioned as a hated Royalist in the French national anthem, ''La Marseillaise''. Early life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Pierre, Martinique
Saint-Pierre (, ; ; Martinican Creole: ) is a town and commune of France's Caribbean overseas department of Martinique, founded in 1635 by Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc. Before the total destruction of Saint-Pierre by a volcanic eruption in 1902, it was the most important city of Martinique culturally and economically, being known as "the Paris of the Caribbean". While Fort-de-France was the official administrative capital, Saint-Pierre was the cultural capital of Martinique. After the disaster, Fort-de-France grew in economic importance. History Saint-Pierre was founded in 1635 by Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc, a French trader and adventurer, as the first permanent French colony on the island of Martinique. The Great Hurricane of 1780 produced a storm-surge of which "inundated the city, destroying all houses" and killed 9,000 people. Eruption of Mount Pelée The town was again destroyed in 1902, when the volcano Mount Pelée erupted, killing 28,000 people. The entire populatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Jacques François De Martelly Chautard
Joseph Jacques François de Martelly Chautard (Toulon, 1734 — Ollioules 1810) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence. Biography Martelly-Chautard was born to the family of Victoire de Villeneuve des Arcs and of Louis-Antoine de Martelly de Chautard, an official of Toulon. He joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 6 July 1750. In 1755, he was promoted to Ensign. In 1756, he was made an artillery sub-lieutenant, and rose to lieutenant in 1760. He was promoted to Lieutenant de Vaisseau on 1 October 1764. In 1767, he commanded a company training gunners. In 1770, he was given command of the bomb ship ''Etna''. He took part in a raid against Tunis, where he earned the Order of Saint Louis, awarded to him in 1771. In 1773, he captained ''Éclair''. In 1774, Chautard married Albertine Thierry de Ville d'Avray. In 1777, he was given command of the light frigate ''Pléïade'' for a mission to Algiers. On 4 April 1777, Martelly-Chautard was prom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Sheathing
Copper sheathing is the practice of protecting the under-water hull of a ship or boat from the corrosive effects of salt water and biofouling through the use of copper plates affixed to the outside of the hull. It was pioneered and developed by the Royal Navy during the 18th century. In antiquity, ancient Greeks used lead plates to protect the underwater hull. Development Deterioration of the hull of a wooden ship was a significant problem during the Age of Sail. Ships' hulls were under continuous attack by shipworm, barnacles and various marine weeds, all of which had some adverse effect on the ship, be it structurally, in the case of the worm, or affecting speed and handling in the case of the weeds. The most common methods of dealing with these problems were through the use of wood, and sometimes lead, sheathing. Expendable wood sheathing effectively provided a non-structural skin to the hull for the worm to attack, and could be easily replaced in dry dock at regular interva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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