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Hölder (grape)
Hölder: * ''Hölder, Hoelder'' as surname * Hölder condition * Hölder's inequality * Hölder mean * Jordan–Hölder theorem In abstract algebra, a composition series provides a way to break up an algebraic structure, such as a group or a module, into simple pieces. The need for considering composition series in the context of modules arises from the fact that many natura ...
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Hölder (surname)
Hölder is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Otto Hölder (1859–1937), German mathematician * Ernst Hölder Ernst Otto Hölder (2 April 1901, Leipzig – 30 June 1990, Mainz) was a German mathematician who made contributions to partial differential equations and continuum mechanics. Education and career Hölder was born in Leipzig and studied at the ... (1901−1990), German mathematician, son of Otto See also * Holder (surname) {{DEFAULTSORT:Holder German-language surnames ...
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Hölder Condition
In mathematics, a real or complex-valued function ''f'' on ''d''-dimensional Euclidean space satisfies a Hölder condition, or is Hölder continuous, when there are nonnegative real constants ''C'', α > 0, such that : , f(x) - f(y) , \leq C\, x - y\, ^ for all ''x'' and ''y'' in the domain of ''f''. More generally, the condition can be formulated for functions between any two metric spaces. The number α is called the ''exponent'' of the Hölder condition. A function on an interval satisfying the condition with α > 1 is constant. If α = 1, then the function satisfies a Lipschitz condition. For any α > 0, the condition implies the function is uniformly continuous. The condition is named after Otto Hölder. We have the following chain of strict inclusions for functions over a closed and bounded non-trivial interval of the real line: : Continuously differentiable ⊂ Lipschitz continuous ⊂ α-Hölder continuous ⊂ uniformly continuous ⊂ continuous, where ...
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Hölder's Inequality
In mathematical analysis, Hölder's inequality, named after Otto Hölder, is a fundamental inequality between integrals and an indispensable tool for the study of spaces. :Theorem (Hölder's inequality). Let be a measure space and let with . Then for all measurable real number, real- or complex number, complex-valued function (mathematics), functions and on , ::\, fg\, _1 \le \, f\, _p \, g\, _q. :If, in addition, and and , then Hölder's inequality becomes an equality if and only if and are Linear dependence, linearly dependent in , meaning that there exist real numbers , not both of them zero, such that -almost everywhere. The numbers and above are said to be Hölder conjugates of each other. The special case gives a form of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. Hölder's inequality holds even if is infinite, the right-hand side also being infinite in that case. Conversely, if is in and is in , then the pointwise product is in . Hölder's inequality is used to ...
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Hölder Mean
In mathematics, generalized means (or power mean or Hölder mean from Otto Hölder) are a family of functions for aggregating sets of numbers. These include as special cases the Pythagorean means ( arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic means). Definition If is a non-zero real number, and x_1, \dots, x_n are positive real numbers, then the generalized mean or power mean with exponent of these positive real numbers is: M_p(x_1,\dots,x_n) = \left( \frac \sum_^n x_i^p \right)^ . (See -norm). For we set it equal to the geometric mean (which is the limit of means with exponents approaching zero, as proved below): M_0(x_1, \dots, x_n) = \left(\prod_^n x_i\right)^ . Furthermore, for a sequence of positive weights we define the weighted power mean as: M_p(x_1,\dots,x_n) = \left(\frac \right)^ and when , it is equal to the weighted geometric mean: M_0(x_1,\dots,x_n) = \left(\prod_^n x_i^\right)^ . The unweighted means correspond to setting all . Special cases A few particu ...
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