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Hummock Range
The Hummocks or Hummock Range is a range of hills in the northern Mount Lofty Ranges extending north from the eastern edge of Yorke Peninsula in South Australia. It is traversed by the Copper Coast Highway immediately west of where it passes around the northern end of Gulf St Vincent. The Augusta Highway passes to the east of the Hummocks. The Hummock Range includes the settlements of South Hummocks and Kulpara. Towards the range's northern end it continues as the Barunga Range The Barunga Range is a range of hills in the northern Mount Lofty Ranges starting near Clements Gap and Merriton in South Australia's Mid North. At the range's southern end it merges with Hummock Range at Barunga Gap, approximately south wes ... north of Barunga Gap, approximately south west of Snowtown. The Hummocks is a primary source of catchment for Lake Bumbunga near Lochiel. The Hummocks and Barunga ranges are host to the Snowtown wind farm. References Mountain ranges of South Aus ...
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with Deserts of Australia, deserts in the centre, tropical Forests of Australia, rainforests in the north-east, and List of mountains in Australia, mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately Early human migrations#Nearby Oceania, 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last i ...
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Barunga Range
The Barunga Range is a range of hills in the northern Mount Lofty Ranges starting near Clements Gap and Merriton in South Australia's Mid North. At the range's southern end it merges with Hummock Range at Barunga Gap, approximately south west of Snowtown. The name 'Barunga' derives from an indigenous term meaning "gap in the range". The Barunga and Hummock ranges are host to the Clements Gap and Snowtown wind farms. Etymology According to the Australian Biospecimen Network Association, ''Barunga'' is an indigenous term meaning "gap in the range", but South Australian historian Geoffrey Manning instead states it means "place for meat". The term was also used to name Barunga Hill, north west of Snowtown, and Barunga Creek, which flows off from Barunga Range to the south west of Snowtown. The term was also used in turn to name the cadastral Hundred of Barunga The Hundred of Barunga is a cadastral unit of hundred located in the Mid North of South Australia on the approxim ...
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Geology Of South Australia
South Australia is an Australian state, situated in the southern central part of the country, and featuring some low-lying mountain ranges, the most significant being the Mount Lofty Ranges, which extend into the state's capital city, Adelaide, which comprises most of the state's population. Adelaide is situated on the eastern shores of Gulf St Vincent, on the Adelaide Plains, north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, between Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges. The state of South Australia, which stretches along the coast of the continent and has boundaries with every other state in Australia, with the exception of the Australian Capital Territory and Tasmania. The Western Australia border has a history with South Australia, involving the South Australian Government Astronomer, Dodwell and the Western Australian Government Astronomer, Curlewis in the 1920s to mark the border on the ground. The search for underground water and mineral wealth was the principal stimulus to ...
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Mountain Ranges Of South Australia
A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher than a hill, typically rising at least 300 metres (1,000 feet) above the surrounding land. A few mountains are isolated summits, but most occur in mountain ranges. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces, erosion, or volcanism, which act on time scales of up to tens of millions of years. Once mountain building ceases, mountains are slowly leveled through the action of weathering, through slumping and other forms of mass wasting, as well as through erosion by rivers and glaciers. High elevations on mountains produce Alpine climate, colder climates than at sea level at similar latitude. These colder climates strongly affect the Montane ecosystems, ecosystems of mountains: different elevations have different plants and animals. Because ...
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Snowtown Wind Farm
The Snowtown wind farms are located on the Barunga and Hummocks ranges west of Snowtown in the Mid North of South Australia, around north of the state capital, Adelaide. They were developed by Trustpower and owned by Tilt Renewables, which demerged from Trustpower in 2016. The first stage of 47 turbines was completed in 2008 and Stage 2 of 90 turbines became operational in 2014.Vorrath, Sophie"South Australia’s 270MW Snowtown takes wind energy to new highs" in ''RenewEconomy'', 3 November 2014 Stage 2 was sold by Tilt Renewables to Palisade Investment Partners in December 2019. History Trustpower began investigating the site in 2002 and started construction of Stage 1 in 2006. Stage 1 was commissioned in 2008 with one additional turbine added in 2011. The first power generated by the wind turbines was received into the public grid in December 2007. The first stage of the wind farm, constructed by Suzlon Energy Australia, was substantially completed by October 2008 and was o ...
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Lochiel, South Australia
Lochiel is a small town in the Mid North of South Australia 125 km (78 mi) north of Adelaide. The town lies beside on the western edge of Lake Bumbunga and at the eastern foot of the Hummocks Range. The Augusta Highway, a section of Highway 1, runs on a strip between the township and the lake, which dwarfs the former. Name In 1869 the South Australian Governor Sir James Fergusson gave the Scottish name ''Lochiel'' to the site of this planned Government Town. It is the name given to the senior line of Chiefs of Clan Cameron – the town being situated in the Hundred of Cameron, named after pioneer Hugh Cameron.Related names in Clan Cameron lands in the Scottish Highlands are those of Loch Eil ic a branch of the sea loch of Loch Linnhe; and the Frìth Loch Iall (or Locheil Forest). History The Government Town of Lochiel was surveyed in 1869, closely following the proclamation of the cadastral Hundred of Cameron. The ''District Councils Act 1887'' declared the township ...
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Lake Bumbunga
Lake Bumbunga is a salt lake located in the Mid North of the state of South Australia, between the town of Lochiel and the farming locality of Bumbunga, approximately 1.5 hours' drive from Adelaide. It is a pink lake, with its colour due to certain algae. Salt has been mined there almost continuously since 1881, and it has become a tourist attraction, along with its "Loch Eel Monster" sculpture in the middle of it. History The lake lies in the traditional lands of the Kaurna people. According to anthropologist Norman Tindale, the name Bumbunga derives from the word ''parnpangka'' in the local Aboriginal language (Kaurna), meaning "rain water lake". Description The lake is situated in the Mid North of South Australia, approximately (1.5 hours' drive) from the state capital city, Adelaide. Easily visible from Highway 1 for a distance of , the Lake Bumbunga is a dramatic departure from the surrounding landscape due to its seasonal pink colouration and wide expanse. The ...
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Snowtown, South Australia
Snowtown is a town located in the Mid North of South Australia 145 km (90 miles) north of Adelaide and lies on the main road and rail routes between Adelaide and Perth – the Augusta Highway and Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line. The town's elevation is 103 metres (338 feet) and on average the town receives 389 mm of rainfall per annum. History The settlement of Snowtown by non-Indigenous Australians initially grew up around a railway station on the Brinkworth-Wallaroo line. Located on what was traditionally the land of the Kaurna, an Aboriginal people, the first pioneers arrived sometime between 1845 and 1869 due to thrapid expansion of grazing then farming to the north of the area. ''Bailliere's South Australian gazetteer and road guide'', published in 1866, contains a brief description of "Hummock's Run" located north of Port Wakefield. This farmland, according to the publication, contained the farming stations of Barunga, Bumbunga and Wokurna and consis ...
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Barunga Gap, South Australia
Barunga Gap is a locality in South Australia about south west of Snowtown. Barunga Gap was named in reference to the co-located pass between the Barunga Range to the north and Hummock Range to the south. The word 'Barunga' derives from an indigenous term meaning "gap in the range". ''See Barunga Range § Etymology'' Barunga Gap was a station between Bute and Snowtown on the Kadina-Brinkworth railway line (1879-1990). History Robert Barr Smith, the rich and influential new owner of the Hummocks Run, arrived in the locality accompanied by surveyors in February 1870. The first paved road to Kadina was completed at Barunga Gap in 1874, and a railway was connected from Kadina in 1878. The railway line from Kadina to Barunga Gap was begun in approximately August 1877 by day labour and piecework, to afford employment for the miners thrown out of work on the (Yorke) Peninsula. The completion of this contract was expected by December 31,1878. The railway allowed Barr Smith to ...
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Kulpara, South Australia
Kulpara is a rural town in South Australia, situated on the Copper Coast Highway and Upper Yorke Road in the Hummocks Range at the northern end of Yorke Peninsula. The name ''Kulpara'' is derived from an Aboriginal word ''Kula'' meaning "eucalyptus". The area was proclaimed in 1862, surveyed in 1864 and settled soon after. The township itself was surveyed in 1932 and proclaimed in 1934. A community hall was built in 1902, replaced by a soldiers' memorial hall in 1953. The school opened in 1877 and expanded in 1957. The Bible Christian church foundation stone was laid in 1879 with services starting soon after. The church building is now a convenience store. It was the seat of its own municipality, the District Council of Kulpara A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ..., ...
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South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and second smallest state by population. It has a total of 1.8 million people. Its population is the second most highly centralised in Australia, after Western Australia, with more than 77 percent of South Australians living in the capital Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second-largest centre, has a population of 33,233. South Australia shares borders with all of the other mainland states, as well as the Northern Territory; it is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria, and to the south by the Great Australian Bight.M ...
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South Hummocks, South Australia
South Hummocks is a locality in the Mid North of South Australia at the head of Gulf St Vincent adjacent to Yorke Peninsula on the southeastern slopes of the Hummock Range. Most of South Hummocks is part of the Hundred of Kulpara in the District Council of Barunga West, but a strip along the northern and eastern sides is part of Hundred of Cameron and Hundred of Goyder in the Wakefield Regional Council. For federal elections, it is in the federal Division of Grey. It is in the state electoral district of Narungga Narungga is a single-member electoral district for the South Australian House of Assembly. It was created by the redistribution of 2016, and was contested for the first time at the 2018 state election. It is named for the Narungga people who a .... South Hummocks formerly had a government school and a church. The former South Hummocks railway station on the Port Wakefield–Moonta railway line was just over the southern boundary in the locality of Port Arthur. T ...
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