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Hof, Rhineland-Palatinate
Hof is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a community belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'' – in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Geography The community lies in the Westerwald between Limburg and Siegen on the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia. The Schwarze Nister, which belongs to the Sieg drainage basin, flows through the municipal area. Hof belongs to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Bad Marienberg, a kind of collective municipality. Its seat is in the like-named town. Hof lies in a hollow at the foot of the Westerwald's third highest elevation ( Salzburger Kopf, 653 m) with a mean elevation of 550 m on the old Cologne-Leipzig trade road. History The community that exists today, which had its first documentary mention in 1048, has grown over the last 50 years from a former agriculturally based place to a flourishing commercial centre. From the 14th to the 19th century there was already an important chapel in Hof. In 1589, there were 18 families in Hof, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verbandsgemeinde
A Verbandsgemeinde (; plural Verbandsgemeinden) is a low-level administrative unit in the German federal states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saxony-Anhalt. A Verbandsgemeinde is typically composed of a small group of villages or towns. Rhineland-Palatinate The state of Rhineland-Palatinate is divided into 163 Verbandsgemeinden, which are municipal associations grouped within the 24 districts of the state and subdivided into 2,257 Ortsgemeinden (singular Ortsgemeinde) which comprise single settlements. Most of the Verbandsgemeinden were established in 1969. Formerly the name for an administrative unit was ''Amt''. Most of the functions of municipal government for several municipalities are consolidated and administered centrally from a larger or more central town or municipality among the group, while the individual municipalities (Ortsgemeinden) still maintain a limited degree of local autonomy. Saxony-Anhalt The 11 districts of Saxony-Anhalt are divided into ''Verwaltungsgemein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500 to AD 1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first early ..., lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, and disease, while some areas of what is now modern Germany experienced population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. Until the 20th century, historians generally viewed it as a continuation of the religious struggle initiated by the 16th-century Reformation within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg atte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
InterCityExpress
The Intercity Express (commonly known as ICE ()) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany. It also serves some destinations in Austria, Denmark (ceased in 2017 but planned to resume in 2022), France, Belgium, Switzerland and the Netherlands, mostly as part of cross border services. It is the highest service category of rail and the flagship train of the German state railway, Deutsche Bahn. There are currently 315 trainsets in use. ICE trains are the highest category (Class A) trains in the fare system of the Deutsche Bahn. Their fares are not calculated on a fixed per-kilometre table as with other trains, but instead have fixed prices for station-to-station connections, levied on the grounds that the ICE trains have a higher level of comfort. Travelling at speeds up to , they are tailored for business travellers or long-distance commuters and are marketed by Deutsche Bahn as an alternative to flights. Apart from domestic use, the trains can also be seen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gießen
Giessen, spelled Gießen in German (), is a town in the German state (''Bundesland'') of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen. The population is approximately 90,000, with roughly 37,000 university students. The name comes from ''Giezzen'', as it was first referred to in 1197, which refers to the position of the town between several rivers, lakes and streams. The largest river in Giessen is the Lahn, which divides the town in two parts (west and east), roughly north of Frankfurt am Main. Giessen is also home to the University of Giessen. In 1969, the town hosted the ninth ''Hessentag'' state festival. History Giessen came into being as a moated castle in 1152 built by Count Wilhelm von Gleiberg, although the history of the community in the northeast and in today's suburb called "Wieseck" dates back to 775. The town became part of Hesse-Marburg in 1567, passing to Hesse-Darmstadt in 1604. The University of Giessen was founded i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dortmund
Dortmund (; Westphalian nds, Düörpm ; la, Tremonia) is the third-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne and Düsseldorf, and the eighth-largest city of Germany, with a population of 588,250 inhabitants as of 2021. It is the largest city (by area and population) of the Ruhr, Germany's largest urban area with some 5.1 million inhabitants, as well as the largest city of Westphalia. On the Emscher and Ruhr rivers (tributaries of the Rhine), it lies in the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region and is considered the administrative, commercial, and cultural center of the eastern Ruhr. Dortmund is the second-largest city in the Low German dialect area after Hamburg. Founded around 882,Wikimedia Commons: First documentary reference to Dortmund-Bövinghausen from 882, contribution-list of the Werden Abbey (near Essen), North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Dortmund became an Imperial Free City. Throughout the 13th to 14th centuries, it was the "chief city" of the Rhine, Westphali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesautobahn 45
is an autobahn in Germany, connecting Dortmund in the west with Aschaffenburg in the southwest. It is colloquially known as the ''Sauerlandlinie'' (Sauerland line) as it runs through the hilly, rural Sauerland region between Hagen and Siegen. The A45 has many bridges to cross valleys, the highest of which is the Sichter Valley bridge (''Talbrücke Sichter'') between Lüdenscheid and Meinerzhagen at 530 metres above mean sea level. It is mostly two lanes each way with frequent climbing lanes between Dortmund-Hafen and the Gambacher Kreuz intersection. In March 2013 30 people were injured in a pile-up on the A45. History During the 1960s and 1970s a southward extension was proposed as the „Odenwald-Neckar-Alb-Autobahn“ (ONAA), to pass through Groß-Umstadt, Michelstadt, Schwaigern, Neckarwestheim, Mundelsheim, Berglen, Remshalden, Lichtenwald and Schlierbach, linking the ONAA to the A 8 near Kirchheim unter Teck, however the project was abandoned for ecological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burbach, North Rhine-Westphalia
Burbach is a municipality in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Geography Burbach is located in Siegen-Wittgenstein district on the river Heller, about 15 km south of Siegen. Burbach also is a community in the southern part of the state Northrhine Westphalia. Constituent divisions The community of Burbach consists of the following subdivisions: Burbach, Gilsbach, Holzhausen, Lippe, Lützeln, Niederdresselndorf, Oberdresselndorf, Wahlbach, Würgendorf. Politics Municipal council The council's 32 seats are apportioned thus, in accordance with municipal elections held on 25 May 2014: * CDU 19 seats *SPD 10 seats * Greens 3 seats Coat of arms Burbach's civic coat of arms might heraldically be described thus: Party per pale, dexter in azure spangled with billets Or a two-tailed lion rampant Or armed and langued gules, sinister in Or three lozenges sable arranged vertically. The lion stands for the princely House of Nassau-Siegen. The thre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (road)
In the field of road transport, an interchange (American English) or a grade-separated junction (British English) is a road junction that uses grade separations to allow for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways or highways, using a system of interconnecting roadways to permit traffic on at least one of the routes to pass through the junction without interruption from crossing traffic streams. It differs from a standard intersection, where roads cross at grade. Interchanges are almost always used when at least one road is a controlled-access highway (freeway or motorway) or a limited-access divided highway (expressway), though they are sometimes used at junctions between surface streets. Terminology ''Note:'' The descriptions of interchanges apply to countries where vehicles drive on the right side of the road. For left-side driving, the layout of junctions is mirrored. Both North American (NA) and British (UK) terminology is included. ; Freeway juncti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autobahn
The (; German plural ) is the federal controlled-access highway system in Germany. The official German term is (abbreviated ''BAB''), which translates as 'federal motorway'. The literal meaning of the word is 'Federal Auto(mobile) Track'. German are widely known for having no federally mandated general speed limit for some classes of vehicles. However, limits are posted and enforced in areas that are urbanised, substandard, accident-prone, or under construction. On speed-unrestricted stretches, an advisory speed limit () of applies. While driving faster is not illegal as such in the absence of a speed limit, it can cause an increased liability in the case of a collision (which mandatory auto insurance has to cover); courts have ruled that an "ideal driver" who is exempt from absolute liability for "inevitable" tort under the law would not exceed . A 2017 report by the Federal Road Research Institute reported that in 2015, 70.4% of the Autobahn network had only the advis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hachenburg
Hachenburg is a town in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Geography The town lies in the Westerwald between Koblenz and Siegen, roughly 10 km west of Bad Marienberg on the river Nister. Hachenburg is the administrative seat of the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' of Hachenburg, a kind of collective municipality (See ''Verbandsgemeinde''). History The castle and the town The castle (''Schloss''), former seat of the Counts of Sayn, was founded about 1180 by Count Heinrich II of Sayn. Building was finished in 1212 under Count Heinrich III, the founder's son, who was also mentioned as the town's and the castle's first owner. At the same time, under the Count's overlordship, came the building of the neighbouring Marienstatt Cistercian Monastery. In 1314, Hachenburg, whose name comes from a castle hill protected by thornbushes, was granted town rights. The original settlement lay not on the 390-m-high castle hill, but rather some 1.5 km away in the dale about 100& ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesstraße
''Bundesstraße'' (German for "federal highway"), abbreviated ''B'', is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways. Germany Germany's ''Bundesstraßen'' network has a total length of about 40,000 km. German ''Bundesstraßen'' are labelled with rectangular yellow signs with black numerals, as opposed to the white-on-blue markers of the ''Autobahn'' controlled-access highways. ''Bundesstraßen'', like autobahns, are maintained by the federal agency of the Transport Ministry. In the German highway system they rank below autobahns, but above the ''Landesstraßen'' and ''Kreisstraßen'' maintained by the federal states and the districts respectively. The numbering was implemented by law in 1932 and has overall been retained up to today, except for those roads located in the former eastern territories of Germany. One distinguishing characteristic between German ''Bundesstraßen'' and ''Autobahnen'' is that there usually is a general 100 km/h (62 mph) s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
