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History Of Plug-in Hybrids
The history of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) spans a little more than a century, but most of the significant commercial developments have taken place after 2002. The revival of interest in this automotive technology together with all-electric cars is due to advances in battery and power management technologies, and concerns about increasingly volatile oil prices and supply disruption, and also the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.''See Introduction'' Between 2003 and 2010 most PHEVs on the roads were conversions of production hybrid electric vehicles, and the most prominent PHEVs were aftermarket conversions of 2004 or later Toyota Prius, which have had plug-in charging and more lead-acid batteries added and their electric-only range extended. , over 25 models of highway-capable plug-in hybrids have been launched in several markets since December 2008, including the BYD F3DM (out of production), the Chevrolet Volt and its siblings Opel/Vauxhall Ampera and H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BYD F3DM
The BYD F3DM (Dual-mode) was a plug-in hybrid compact sedan manufactured by BYD with an all-electric range of and a hybrid electric powertrain that can extend the range an additional . The F3DM is the world's first mass-produced plug-in hybrid automobile and went on sale to government agencies and corporations in China on December 15, 2008. During its first year in the market the F3DM plug-in sold only 48 vehicles. Sales to the general public began in Shenzhen in March 2010, and 417 units were sold during 2010. ''417 units were delivered in 2010''. Cumulative sales in China reached 3,284 units through October 2013, when sales ended, ''A total of 613 units were sold during 2011 and 1,201 units in 2012''. ''A total of 1,005 F3DMs were sold between January and October 2013.'' and only 11 units were sold in Europe through October 2012. A testing program was launched in the U.S. in December 2010 with the participation of the Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles (HACLA). The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opel
Opel Automobile GmbH (), usually shortened to Opel, is a German automobile manufacturer which has been a subsidiary of Stellantis since 16 January 2021. It was owned by the American automaker General Motors from 1929 until 2017 and the PSA Group, a predecessor of Stellantis, from 2017 until 2021. Opel vehicles are sold in the United Kingdom as Vauxhall Motors, Vauxhall. Some Opel vehicles were badge engineering, badge-engineered in Australia under the Holden brand until 2020 and in North America and China under the Buick, Saturn Corporation, Saturn, and Cadillac brands. Opel traces its roots to a sewing machine manufacturer founded by Adam Opel in 1862 in Rüsselsheim am Main. The company began manufacturing bicycles in 1886 and produced its first automobile in 1899. With the Opel RAK program, the world's first rocket program, under the leadership of Fritz von Opel, the company played an important role in the history of aviation and spaceflight: Various land speed records were a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BYD Qin
The BYD Qin (pronounced "Chin") is a compact sedan developed by BYD Auto, available as an all-electric car, as a plug-in hybrid and as an internal combustion engine vehicle. The plug-in hybrid variant (which was the only variant available in the beginning) currently offers a NEDC all-electric range of and a hybrid electric powertrain that can extend the car's total range to a distance similar to that of a conventional petrol-powered vehicle. The all-electric variant offers a NEDC range of . The Qin is the successor of the BYD F3DM, the world's first mass-produced plug-in hybrid automobile which launched in China in 2008. In April 2012, BYD announced that due to its low sales, the F3DM was to be replaced by the Qin. The BYD Qin is the plug-in hybrid version of the BYD Surui (the second-generation BYD F3), and was launched in the Chinese market in August 2012. Deliveries in China began in mid December 2013. Retail sales of the BYD Qin began in Costa Rica in November 2013, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cadillac ELR
The Cadillac ELR is a two-door, four-passenger luxury plug-in hybrid compact coupé manufactured and marketed by Cadillac for model years (MY) 2014 and 2016 – with a hiatus for MY 2015. Using a retuned version of the Chevrolet Volt's Voltec EREV drivetrain, the ELR's lithium-ion battery pack delivers an all-electric range of and a top speed of . The ELR derived from Cadillac's Converj concept, which debuted at the 2009 North American International Auto Show. Scheduled for production and subsequently canceled during GM's bankruptcy and restructuring, and after a series of on-again, off-again decisions, the ELR was approved for production for MY 2014 with a MSRP at roughly $75,000 — $35,000 higher than the Volt whose basic powertrain it shared. Styled under the exterior design direction of Tim Kozub, Cadillac presented the production ELR at the 2013 North American International Auto Show with retail deliveries beginning in the United States and Canada in December 2013. EL ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porsche Panamera S E-Hybrid
The Porsche Panamera is a mid/full-sized luxury car (E-segment/F-segment in Europe) manufactured and marketed by German automobile manufacturer Porsche across two generations using a front-engine, rear or all-wheel drive configuration. Porsche debuted the production first generation Panamera at the 13th Auto Shanghai International Automobile Show in April 2009, launching hybrid and diesel versions in 2011. In April 2013, the company introduced a facelifted model, again at the Shanghai Auto Show, followed by the US introduction of a plug-in hybrid version, the Panamera S E-Hybrid, in November 2013. Porsche introduced the second generation Panamera in 2016. The ''Panamera'' name, as with the '' Carerra'' name, derives from the Carrera Panamericana race. Concept As a front-engine, full-size, four-passenger, four-door luxury hatchback weighing nearly , the Panamera runs contrary to the company's historically lightweight two-door, rear-engine sports cars, notably the 911. Thou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McLaren P1
The McLaren P1 is a limited-production mid-engine plug-in hybrid sports car produced by British automobile manufacturer McLaren Automotive. Debuted at the 2012 Paris Motor Show, sales of the P1 began in the United Kingdom in October 2013 and all 375 units were sold out by November. Production ended in early December 2015. The United States accounted for 34% of the units and Europe for 26%. It is considered by the automotive press to be the successor to the McLaren F1, utilising hybrid power and Formula One technology, but does not have the same three-seat layout. It was later confirmed that the Speedtail served as the actual successor to the McLaren F1. The P1 has a mid-engine, rear wheel drive design that used a carbon fibre monocoque and roof structure safety cage concept called MonoCage, which is a development of the MonoCell first used in the MP4-12C and then in subsequent models. Its main competitors are the LaFerrari and the 918 Spyder. They are all similar in specifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford Fusion Energi
The Ford Fusion Hybrid is a gasoline-electric hybrid powered version of the mid-sized Ford Fusion sedan manufactured and marketed by Ford, now in its second generation. A plug-in hybrid version, the Ford Fusion Energi, was released in the U.S. in February 2013. The first generation was launched to the U.S. market in March 2009 for model year 2010, together with its badge-engineered variants, the Mercury Milan Hybrid and the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid. The second generation was launched under the Ford and Lincoln brands for model year 2013, went on sale in the U.S. in October 2012. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rated the 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid at combined city/highway. The second generation hybrid improved the fuel economy rating to for combined city/highway driving. The EPA rated the Energi's combined city/highway fuel economy in all-electric mode at 88 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPG-e) (2.7 L gasoline equivalent/100 km; 106 mpg-imp). In hybrid opera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV
The is a mid-size crossover SUV manufactured by Japanese automaker Mitsubishi Motors. It was originally known as the when it was introduced in Japan in 2001. The original Airtrek name was chosen to "describe the vehicle's ability to transport its passengers on adventure-packed journeys in a 'free-as-a-bird' manner",Fact & Figures 2005 , p.33, Mitsubishi Motors website and was "coined from ''Air'' and ''Trek'' to express the idea of footloose, adventure-filled motoring pleasure." , Mitsubishi-Motors.com press release, 20 June 2001 The Outlander nameplate which replaced it evoked a "feeling of journeying to distant, unexplored lands in search of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid
The ninth generation Accord is a mid-size car introduced by Honda in 2012 which received a refreshed front fascia, grill, headlights, tail lights and alloy wheel designs for the 2016 model year. With the discontinuation of the smaller European and Japanese market Accord in 2015, the larger North American Accord became the only version in production, with the Hybrid version taking over as the flagship of Honda's automotive product in many markets that once received the smaller Accord. Overview For the ninth generation Accord, Honda appointed Shoji Matsui, who served as an engineer on the Accord platform from 1985 to 1996 as lead project manager. Honda revealed the Accord Coupe Concept at the January 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. In August 2012, the company released initial details pertaining to the 2013 Accord sedan, and production versions of both the sedan and coupe were fully unveiled in early September 2012. Production The model year 2013 Accord wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid
The Volvo V60 is a compact wagon produced by Volvo Cars related to the S60. The vehicle was first released in autumn 2010, facelifted in 2014, and is in its second generation since 2018. The second generation V60 was launched in 2018 based on the Volvo Scalable Product Architecture platform. Both generations feature a "Cross Country" variant with an increased ride height. First generation (2011–2018) First generation models V60 File:Volvo V60 – Frontansicht, 12. Juni 2011, Düsseldorf.jpg, Volvo V60 pre-facelift (DE) File:Volvo V60 – Heckansicht, 12. Juni 2011, Düsseldorf.jpg, Volvo V60 pre-facelift (DE) File:Volvo V60 Paris 2010.jpg, Volvo V60 R-Design pre-facelift (FR) File:Volvo V60 D4 Summum (Facelift) – Frontansicht, 18. August 2013, Hilden.jpg, Volvo V60 post facelift (DE) File:Volvo V60 D4 Summum (Facelift) – Heckansicht, 18. August 2013, Hilden.jpg, Volvo V60 post facelift (DE) File:Volvo V60 T4 R-Design front - Tokyo Motor Show 2013.jpg, Volvo V60 R-De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford C-Max Energi
The Ford C-Max (stylized as Ford C-MAX and previously called the Ford Focus C-Max) is a car produced by the Ford Motor Company from 2003 to 2019. It has a five-door compact multi-purpose vehicle (MPV) design. The Ford Grand C-Max has a longer wheelbase. Ford introduced the C-Max in the United States as its first hybrid-only line of vehicles, which includes the C-Max Hybrid, released in September 2012, and the C-Max Energi plug-in hybrid, launched in October 2012. Although the C-Max was initially available only in Europe, the first generation was partially available in New Zealand. First generation (2003) The Ford Focus C-Max is preceded by the eponymous show car, which was designed by Daniel Paulin and unveiled at the 2002 Paris Motor Show. C-Max Mk I was the first product to use the Ford C1 platform, also used by the Ford Focus Mk II and the compact MPV Premacy/Mazda5. Its internal code name is C214. It seats five passengers and has a large amount of cargo space, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fisker Karma
The Fisker Karma is a luxury plug-in range-extended electric sports sedan produced by Fisker Automotive in 2012. The cars were manufactured at Valmet Automotive in Finland. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rated the Karma's combined city/highway fuel economy at equivalent (MPG-e) in all-electric mode, and at in gasoline-only mode. EPA's official all-electric range is . Due to the very small cabin interior volume, the EPA rated the Fisker Karma as a subcompact car. The first deliveries took place in the U.S. in late July 2011, and deliveries to retail customers began in November 2011. Pricing in the U.S. started at for the base model (EcoStandard), US$110,000 for the intermediate EcoSport model and for the top model (the "Animal Free" EcoChic). Around 1,800 units were delivered in North America and Europe through December 2012. The U.S. was the leading market, with about 1,600 units sold. Production was suspended in November 2012 when the sol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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