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History Of Fremantle Prison
The history of Fremantle Prison, a former List of Australian prisons, Australian prison in Fremantle, Western Australia, extends from its construction as a prison for convicts, using convict labour, in the 1850s, through to its modern-day usage as a tourist attraction. The design for Fremantle Prison was based on the Pentonville Prison in Britain, and it would be the longest, tallest prison cell block in the southern hemisphere. Construction began in 1851, and was completed by the end of 1859. The prison was transferred to the colonial government in 1886 for use for locally sentenced prisoners. Following a Royal Commission held in 1898−99, some changes were made to Fremantle Prison, including knocking down the inner wall between two cells, introducing a prisoner classification system, and constructing internal walls in the main block to create four separate divisions. A new cell block, New Division, was completed in 1907 and occupied in 1908. Following another Royal Commission ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fremantle Prison
Fremantle Prison, sometimes referred to as Fremantle Gaol or Fremantle Jail, is a former Australian prison and World Heritage Site in Fremantle, Western Australia. The site includes the prison cellblocks, gatehouse, perimeter walls, cottages, and tunnels. It was initially used for convicts transported from Britain, but was transferred to the colonial government in 1886 for use for locally-sentenced prisoners. Royal Commissions were held in 1898 and 1911, and instigated some reform to the prison system, but significant changes did not begin until the 1960s. The government department in charge of the prison underwent several reorganisations in the 1970s and 1980s, but the culture of Fremantle Prison was resistant to change. Growing prisoner discontent culminated in a 1988 riot with guards taken hostage, and a fire that caused $1.8 million worth of damage. The prison closed in 1991, replaced by the new maximum-security Casuarina Prison. The prison was administered by a comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Eliza (Western Australia)
Mount Eliza is a hill that overlooks the city of Perth, Western Australia and forms part of Kings Park. It is known as nys , Kaarta Gar-up , label=none , italic=unset and nys , Mooro Katta , label=none , italic=unset in the local Noongar dialect. As part of Kings Park, Mount Eliza has received more than 5 million visitors each year (2019), due to events such as; the Anzac Day Memorial service, the Australia Day fireworks and the Kings Park festival. In addition to these events, Mount Eliza attracts visitors and interest with its ecosystems, indigenous and colonial history, landmarks and other activities. Naming The local Noongar people refer to the peak of Mount Eliza as nys , Mooro Katta , label=none , italic=unset and nys , Kaarta Gar-up , label=none , italic=unset. The southern base of Mount Eliza is known as nys , Gooninup , label=none , italic=unset and is considered a significant site for ceremonies and dreaming for Aboriginal males. In 1827, James Stirling o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NLA Trove
Trove is an Australian online library database owned by the National Library of Australia in which it holds partnerships with source providers National and State Libraries Australia, an aggregator and service which includes full text documents, digital images, bibliographic and holdings data of items which are not available digitally, and a free faceted-search engine as a discovery tool. Content The database includes archives, images, newspapers, official documents, archived websites, manuscripts and other types of data. it is one of the most well-respected and accessed GLAM services in Australia, with over 70,000 daily users. Based on antecedents dating back to 1996, the first version of Trove was released for public use in late 2009. It includes content from libraries, museums, archives, repositories and other organisations with a focus on Australia. It allows searching of catalogue entries of books in Australian libraries (some fully available online), academic and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daily News (Perth, Western Australia)
The ''Daily News'', historically a successor of ''The Inquirer'' and ''The Inquirer and Commercial News'', was an afternoon daily English language newspaper published in Perth, Western Australia, from 1882 to 1990, though its origin is traceable from 1840. History One of the early newspapers of the Western Australian colony was ''The Inquirer'', established by Francis Lochee and William Tanner on 5 August 1840. Lochee became sole proprietor and editor in 1843 until May 1847 when he sold the operation to the paper's former compositor Edmund Stirling. In July 1855, ''The Inquirer'' merged with the recently established ''Commercial News and Shipping Gazette'', owned by Robert John Sholl, as ''The Inquirer & Commercial News''. It ran under the joint ownership of Stirling and Sholl. Sholl departed and, from April 1873, the paper was produced by Stirling and his three sons, trading as Stirling & Sons. Edmund Stirling retired five years later and his three sons took control as Stirl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Australian Gold Rushes
In the latter part of the nineteenth century, discoveries of gold at a number of locations in Western Australia caused large influxes of prospectors from overseas and interstate, and classic gold rushes. Significant finds included: * Halls Creek in 1885, found by Charles Hall and Jack Slattery. Triggered the "Kimberley gold rush". * Near Southern Cross in 1887, found by the party of Harry Francis Anstey. The "Yilgarn gold rush". * Cue in 1891, found by Michael Fitzgerald, Edward Heffernan and Tom Cue. The "Murchison gold rush". * Coolgardie in 1892, by Arthur Bailey and William Ford. * Kalgoorlie in 1893, by Patrick "Paddy" Hannan, Tom Flanagan and Dan Shea. A small rush at Nundamurrah Pool, on the Greenough River, near Mullewa, east of Geraldton occurred in August 1893. The Kalgoorlie event in particular, following the June 1893 discovery of alluvial gold at the base of Mount Charlotte by Irish prospectors Paddy Hannan, Tom Flanagan and Dan O'Shea, saw a massive po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penal Transportation
Penal transportation or transportation was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home. Origin and implementation Banishment or forced exile from a polity or society has been used as a punishment since at least the 5th century BC in Ancient Greece. The practice of penal transportation reached its height in the British Empire during the 18th and 19th centuries. Transportation removed the offender from society, mostly permanently, but was seen as more merciful than capital punishment. This method was used for criminals, debtors, military prisoners, and political prisoners. Penal transportation was also used as a method of colonization. For example, from the earliest days of English ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rottnest Island
Rottnest Island ( nys, Wadjemup), often colloquially referred to as "Rotto", is a island off the coast of Western Australia, located west of Fremantle. A sandy, low-lying island formed on a base of aeolianite limestone, Rottnest is an A-class reserve, the highest level of protection afforded to public land. Together with Garden Island, Rottnest Island is a remnant of Pleistocene dune ridges. Along with several other islands, Rottnest became separated from the mainland around 7,000 years ago, when sea levels rose; the traditional Noongar name for the island is ''Wadjemup'', which means "place across the water where the spirits are". Human artefacts have been found on the island dating back at least 30,000 years, but visitation and habitation of the island by the Noongar people appears to have ceased following its separation from the mainland. The island was first documented by Willem de Vlamingh in 1696, who called it t Eylandt 't Rottenest'' ("Rats' Nest Island") after the qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perth Gaol
The Perth Gaol (often referred to as the Old Perth Gaol) was a gaol built in Perth, the state capital of Western Australia, between 1854 and 1856 to house convicts and other prisoners. It is located just west of Beaufort Street. It operated until March 1888 when the last prisoner was transferred to Fremantle Prison. The main gaol building, minus the yards, stands today adjacent to the Western Australian Museum in Perth. In addition to a number of displays of colonial and prison related artefacts, the building houses the museum's retail shop and coffee shop. History Prior to the construction of the Perth Gaol, the Swan River Colony had only the Round House in Fremantle, the partially completed Fremantle Prison (construction began in 1851 and completed in 1859) and a six-cell lock-up which had been built in about 1830 opposite Government House in Perth. With the growth of the city it was deemed that the latter was an inappropriate location for a gaol and it was demolished in 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fremantle Hospital
Fremantle Hospital is an Australian public hospital situated on South Terrace in central Fremantle, southwest of Perth, Western Australia. It was formerly the major hospital in its region; however, with the opening of Fiona Stanley Hospital in Murdoch on 3 February 2015, it was substantially downsized, with the closure of its emergency department and a range of other services being relocated to the new hospital. Location The main facility of Fremantle hospital is a historic site and looks out over the nearby fishing boat harbour, the Port of Fremantle and the Indian Ocean. The western side is bounded by South Terrace, while Hampton Road is on its eastern side. The hospital is also within walking distance of the Fremantle Markets, and Fremantle Oval. History Fremantle Public Hospital opened in 1897 with 52 beds. The building itself was originally a private residence, "The Knowle", built in 1856 with both stone and labour from Fremantle Prison. Two extra wards and an ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Head Reserve
Arthur Head (also known as Arthur's Head) in Fremantle, Western Australia, is a former large limestone headland on the southern side of the mouth of the Swan River, now also the entry to Fremantle Harbour. Historian Bob Reece identifies the geographical prominence of the location in his entry in the Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia: Also the strategic quality of the head is noted as: In May 1829 the strategic location of Arthur Head led it being chosen by Captain Charles Fremantle RN as the site for his fortified beach camp. It has been significantly altered since European settlement in the 1830s, and is the site of a large number of demolished structures. Archaeologist Michael Pearson in his 1984 report identified the following: * 1851 Lighthouse (first) * 1876 Lighthouse (second): in diameter, high; constructed by convicts in 1876–1879; decommissioned in 1902. * 1834 Courthouse (first) * 1840 Courthouse (second) * 1852 Police station complex * Lighthou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Wray
Lieutenant-General Henry Wray (1 January 1826 – 6 April 1900) was a Royal Engineers officer who arrived in Fremantle on 12 December 1851 and was responsible for carrying out the construction plans for Fremantle Prison for Edmund Henderson. Military career Henry Wray was born in Demerara, now Guyana on 1 January 1826. The son of Charles Wray, Chief Justice of Demerara, Wray graduated from the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich as Second Lieutenant in 1843. Postings in Ireland and Gibraltar followed, and Wray's abilities as an engineer soon saw him promoted to First Lieutenant in 1846. Married in 1848 to Mary Drinkwater, the daughter of eminent historian Thomas Drinkwater, Wray then moved back to Woolwich in 1850. In 1851 he was selected to travel to Western Australia with the 20th Company of Royal Sappers and Miners. After arrival he was appointed as a magistrate to the colony, and given responsibility for the construction of the Convict Establishment (now Fremantle Prison) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
