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Hired Armed Cutter Ann
His Majesty's hired armed cutter ''Ann'' served the British Royal Navy from 9 May 1795 to 19 October 1801 during the French Revolutionary Wars. She was of 104 tons (bm) and carried twelve 3-pounder guns. Service In 1798 Lieutenant Robert (or Richard) Young came to command ''Ann''. On 31 January 1798 she captured the fishing boat ''Leopold.'' On 28 March she captured ''Greffwen'', of Gothland. On 20 July she was in company with when they captured the luggers ''Mayflower'' and ''William''. At some point she also captured the luggers ''Joseph'' and ''Edward''. On 23 May 1799, while engaged in the protection of the fisheries off Folkestone, at 8pm Ann gave chase to a lugger. After a two-hour running fight she succeeded in capturing ''Aimable Therese'', a small French privateer lugger of four guns and 27 men. At the time, ''Ann'' was in company with sloop and the hired armed cutter ''Nox''. On 11 October ''Ann'' and the hired armed cutter ''Lion'' recaptured three small vesse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hired Armed Vessels
During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the Royal Navy made use of a considerable number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Navy used for duties ranging from carrying and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.Winfield (2008), p.387. Doctrine The Navy Board usually hired the vessel complete with master and crew rather than bareboat. Contracts were for a specified time or on an open-ended monthly hire basis. During periods of peace, such as the period between the Treaty of Amiens and the commencement of the Napoleonic Wars, the Admiralty returned the vessels to their owners, only to rehire many on the outbreak of war. The Admiralty provided a regular naval officer, usually a lieutenant for the small vessels, to be the commander. The civilian master then served as the sailing master. For purposes of prize money or salvage, hired armed vessels received the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shilling
The shilling is a historical coin, and the name of a unit of modern currencies formerly used in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, other British Commonwealth countries and Ireland, where they were generally equivalent to 12 pence or one-twentieth of a pound before being phased out during the 20th century. Currently the shilling is used as a currency in five east African countries: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Somalia, as well as the ''de facto'' country of Somaliland. The East African Community additionally plans to introduce an East African shilling. History The word ''shilling'' comes from Old English "Scilling", a monetary term meaning twentieth of a pound, from the Proto-Germanic root skiljaną meaning 'to separate, split, divide', from (s)kelH- meaning 'to cut, split.' The word "Scilling" is mentioned in the earliest recorded Germanic law codes, those of Æthelberht of Kent. There is evidence that it may alternatively be an early borrowing of Phoenician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hired Armed Cutter Kent
The British Royal Navy employed two vessels described as His Majesty's hired armed cutter ''Kent'', the first during the French Revolutionary Wars, and the second during the Napoleonic Wars. First Hired armed cutter ''Kent'' The first ''Kent'' served the Royal Navy from 22 December 1798 until 19 October 1801 when she was returned to her owners. ''Kent'' had a burthen of 131 tons, and carried twelve 12-pounder carronades. In 1799 ''Kent'' recaptured two colliers, the brig ''Autumn'' and the schooner ''Zephyr''. Between April and July 1799, ''Kent'' sailed in company with the 28-gun sloop and the 14-gun brig-sloop . Together, these three vessels captured a number of prizes. On 23 April they captured ''Blenie Rosetta''. On 29 May they took ''Active'' and ''Providence''. One month later, on 28 June, they captured five fishing boats. Then on 13 July they captured ''Altona''. Three days later they captured ''Antony Wilhelm''. Lastly, on 29 July, they captured ''Nancy''. (On 20 Janu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Biter (1797)
Six ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS ''Biter''. Another was planned: * was a 12-gun gunvessel launched in 1797 and sold in 1802. * was a 12-gun gun-brig launched in 1804 and wrecked in 1805. *HMS ''Biter'' was to have been a class wooden screw gunvessel. She was ordered in 1846 but was cancelled in 1849. * was a wooden screw gunboat launched in 1855. She became a coal hulk in 1865 and was later renamed ''T16''. She was sold in 1904. * was a tender, previously the War Department vessel ''Sir William Reid''. She was transferred in 1905 and sold in 1923. * was an escort carrier launched in 1940. She was transferred to the Royal Navy under lend-lease Lend-Lease, formally the Lend-Lease Act and introduced as An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States (), was a policy under which the United States supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and other Allied nations with food, oil, ... in 1942, transferred to the French Navy in 1945 and renamed ''Dixmude ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gun-brig
A gun-brig was a small brig-rigged warship that enjoyed popularity in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, during which large numbers were purchased or built. In general these were vessels of under 200 tons burthen, and thus smaller than the more common s or the even larger s. The gun-brigs generally carried 12 guns, comprising two long guns in the chase position and ten carronades on the broadsides. For brig-rigged sloops, see List of corvette and sloop classes of the Royal Navy. For gunboats, see List of gunboat and gunvessel classes of the Royal Navy. Development The earliest gun-brigs were shallow-draught vessels. Initially they were not brigs at all, but were classed as 'gunvessels' and carried a schooner or brigantine rig. They were re-rigged as brigs about 1796 and re-classed under the new term 'gun-brig'. They were designed as much to row as to sail, and carried their primary armament firing forward - a pair of long 18-pounders or 24-pounders, weapons which in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Désirée (1796)
''Désirée'' was a of the French Navy, launched at Dunkirk in 1794. The British Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ... captured her in 1800 and took her into service under her existing name. she was laid up in 1815, converted to a slop ship in 1823, and sold in 1832. Capture , under Patrick Campbell, captured ''Désirée'' on 8 July 1800 in the Raid on Dunkirk. Many British vessels shared in the proceeds of the capture. British career ''Desiree'' shared with in the proceeds of the capture on 5 January 1810 of ''Lynboom'', Myden, master. On 7 May 1813, she was under the command of Captain Arthur Farquarh when she captured the American schooner ''Decatur''. On 17 July 1813 she captured the French privateer ''Esperance''. Fate ''Desiree'' was laid up a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raid On Dunkirk (1800)
The Raid on Dunkirk of 7 July 1800 was an attack by a British Royal Navy force on the well-defended French anchorage of Dunkirk in the English Channel during the French Revolutionary Wars. French naval forces had been blockaded in their harbours during the conflict, and often the only method of attacking them was through fireships or "cutting-out" expeditions, in which boats would carry boarding parties into the harbour at night, seize ships at anchor and bring them out. The attack on Dunkirk was a combination of both of these types of operation, aimed at a powerful French frigate squadron at anchor in Dunkirk harbour. The assault made use of a variety of experimental weaponry, some of which was tested in combat for the first time with mixed success. Although assault by the heavily armed sloop HMS ''Dart'' proved successful, the fireships achieved little and various other British craft involved in the operation had little effect on the eventual outcome. The French response was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League (unit)
A league is a unit of length. It was common in Europe and Latin America, but is no longer an official unit in any nation. Derived from an ancient Celtic unit and adopted by the Romans as the ''leuga'', the league became a common unit of measurement throughout western Europe. It may have originally represented, roughly, the distance a person could walk in an hour. Since the Middle Ages, many values have been specified in several countries. Different definitions Ancient Rome The league was used in Ancient Rome, defined as 1½ Roman miles (7,500 Roman feet, modern 2.2 km or 1.4 miles). The origin is the ''leuga Gallica'' ''(also: leuca Callica)'', the league of Gaul. Argentina The Argentine league (''legua'') is or 6,666 ''varas'': 1 ''vara'' is . English-speaking world On land, the league is most commonly defined as three miles (4.83km), though the length of a mile could vary from place to place and depending on the era. At sea, a league is . English usage also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hired Armed Cutter Lion
Two vessels have borne the designation, His Majesty's hired armed cutter ''Lion''. The first served during the French Revolutionary Wars, capturing five privateers and several merchant vessels. The second served briefly at the start of the Napoleonic Wars. Both vessels operated in the Channel. The two cutters may have been the same vessel; at this juncture it is impossible to know. French records report that the French captured the second ''Lion'' in 1808 and that she served in the French Navy until 1809. First hired armed cutter ''Lion'' This vessel served on a contract from 30 March 1793 to 27 January 1801. She was of 85 tons ( bm) and was armed with ten 3-pounder guns. She may have been built in 1789. She was commissioned under Lieutenant W.R. Davies. In late 1793 ''Lion'' served in a small squadron under the command of Sir James Saumarez in the frigate , together with the frigate and the brig . They convoyed some transports with troops for Jersey and Guernsey, and their pic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pence
A penny is a coin ( pennies) or a unit of currency (pl. pence) in various countries. Borrowed from the Carolingian denarius (hence its former abbreviation d.), it is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system. Presently, it is the formal name of the British penny ( p) and the ''de facto'' name of the American one-cent coin (abbr. ¢) as well as the informal Irish designation of the 1 cent euro coin (abbr. c). It is the informal name of the cent unit of account in Canada, although one-cent coins are no longer minted there. The name is used in reference to various historical currencies, also derived from the Carolingian system, such as the French denier and the German pfennig. It may also be informally used to refer to any similar smallest-denomination coin, such as the euro cent or Chinese fen. The Carolingian penny was originally a 0.940-fine silver coin, weighing pound. It was adopted by Offa of Mercia and other English kings and remained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
£sd
£sd (occasionally written Lsd, spoken as "pounds, shillings and pence" or pronounced ) is the popular name for the pre-decimal currencies once common throughout Europe, especially in the British Isles and hence in several countries of the British Empire and subsequently the Commonwealth. The abbreviation originates from the Latin currency denominations '' librae'', ''solidi'', and ''denarii''. In the United Kingdom, these were referred to as '' pounds'', ''shillings'', and '' pence'' (''pence'' being the plural of ''penny''). Although the names originated from popular coins in the classical Roman Empire, their definitions and the ratios between them were introduced and imposed across Western Europe by the Emperor Charlemagne. The £sd system was the standard across much of the European continent (France, Italy, Germany, etc.) for nearly a thousand years, until the decimalisations of the 18th and 19th centuries. As the United Kingdom remained one of the few countries reta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cutter (ship)
A cutter is a type of watercraft. The term has several meanings. It can apply to the rig (or sailplan A sail plan is a description of the specific ways that a sailing craft is rigged. Also, the term "sail plan" is a graphic depiction of the arrangement of the sails for a given sailing craft.> In the English language, ships were usually describe ...) of a sailing vessel (but with regional differences in definition), to a governmental enforcement agency vessel (such as a coast guard or border force cutter), to a type of ship's boat which can be used under sail or oars, or, historically, to a type of fast-sailing vessel introduced in the 18th century, some of which were used as small warships. As a sailing rig, a cutter is a single-masted boat, with two or more headsails. On the eastern side of the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, the two headsails on a single mast is the fullest extent of the modern definition. In U.S. waters, a greater level of complexity applies, with the placemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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