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Hijli Detention Camp
Hijli Detention Camp (now called Shaheed Bhavan, IIT Kharagpur), is a former detention camp operated during the period of British colonial rule in India. Located in Hijli, beside Kharagpur, (a part of former Hijli Kingdom) in the district of Midnapore West, West Bengal, India, it played a significant role in the Indian independence movement of the 19th and 20th centuries. The large numbers of those who participated in armed struggles or the non-cooperation movement against the British could not be accommodated in ordinary jails. The British colonial government decided to establish a few detention camps; the first one was located in Buxa Fort followed by the creation of Hijli Detention Camp in 1930. A significant moment in the Indian independence movement occurred at here in 1931 when two unarmed detainees, Santosh Kumar Mitra and Tarakeswar Sengupta, were shot dead by the Indian Imperial Police. Subhas Chandra Bose came to Hijli to collect their bodies for interment. Many Indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IIT Kharagpur Old Building 1951
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are central government owned public technical institutes located across India. They are under the ownership of the Ministry of Education of the Government of India. They are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961, declaring them as Institutes of National Importance and laying down their powers, duties, and framework for governance as the country's premier institutions in the field of technology. The act currently lists twenty-three IITs. Each IIT has autonomy and is linked to others through a common council called the IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Minister of Education of India is the ex officio Chairperson of the IIT Council. List of institutes History The history of the IIT system nearly dates back to 1946 when Sir Jogendra Singh of the Viceroy's Executive Council set up a committee whose task was to consider the creation of ''Higher Technical Institutions'' for post-war industri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarakeswar Sengupta
Tarakeshwar Sengupta ( bn, তারকেশ্বর সেনগুপ্ত, 15 April 1905 - 16 September 1931) was an Indian independence activist who took part in the Chittagong Armoury Raid. He was a member of revolutionary group of ''Masterda'' Surya Sen. Early life Sengupta was born on 15 April 1905 in Gaila village of Barisal District, British India at present Bangladesh, in a Bengali middle-class family. He was inspired with the idea of patriotism in his family environment. Revolutionary activities Tarakeshwar Sengupta was a social workers. Connected with the Gaila branch of the Jugantar, he was also attached with the Sankar Math and Gaila Sevasram. Sengupta was arrested and imprisoned for a few months. He joined the Salt Satyagraha and was again arrested in D.I rule and sent to Hijli Jail. Death On 16 September 1931 police shot and killed Tarakeshwar Sengupta along with Santosh Kumar Mitra in Hijli Detention Camp Hijli Detention Camp (now called Shaheed Bhavan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internment Camps
Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without Criminal charge, charges or Indictment, intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply mean imprisonment, it tends to refer to preventive confinement rather than confinement ''after'' having been convicted of some crime. Use of these terms is subject to debate and political sensitivities. The word ''internment'' is also occasionally used to describe a neutral country's practice of detaining belligerent Military, armed forces and equipment on its territory during times of war, under the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907#Hague Convention of 1907, Hague Convention of 1907. Interned persons may be held in prisons or in facilities known as internment camps (also known as concentration camps). The term ''concentration camp'' originates from the Spanish–Cuban Ten Years' War when Spanish forces detain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nehru Museum Of Science And Technology
The Nehru Museum of Science and Technology is a museum in Kharagpur, West Bengal, India. It was founded in 1990 at the Hijli Detention camp building, later the IIT-Kharagpur Heritage Building, which is now named as Hijli Saheed Bhavan. The imposing building, bearing resemblance to the Byzantine style of architecture, was used by the British rulers of India to detain the freedom fighters during the 1930s. Building history Although there were few other detention camps around the country in those days, the Hijli detention camp was the only one to witness the death of two detainees by police firing within jail compound. The incident led to strong protest, to register their indignation by prominent national figures like Rabindranath Tagore, Subhas Chandra Bose Subhas Chandra Bose ( ; 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945 * * * * * * * * *) was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among Indians, but his wartime alliances ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Signal Corps, the USAF was established as a separate branch of the United States Armed Forces in 1947 with the enactment of the National Security Act of 1947. It is the second youngest branch of the United States Armed Forces and the fourth in order of precedence. The United States Air Force articulates its core missions as air supremacy, global integrated intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, rapid global mobility, global strike, and command and control. The United States Air Force is a military service branch organized within the Department of the Air Force, one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense. The Air Force through the Department of the Air Force is headed by the civilian Secretary of the Air Force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He reshaped Bengali literature and music as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Author of the "profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful" poetry of ''Gitanjali'', he became in 1913 the first non-European and the first lyricist to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Tagore's poetic songs were viewed as spiritual and mercurial; however, his "elegant prose and magical poetry" remain largely unknown outside Bengal. He was a fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society. Referred to as "the Bard of Bengal", Tagore was known by sobriquets: Gurudev, Kobiguru, Biswakobi. A Bengali Brahmin from Calcutta with ancestral gentry roots in Burdwan district* * * and Jessore, Tagore wrote poetry as an eight-yea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subhas Chandra Bose
Subhas Chandra Bose ( ; 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945 * * * * * * * * *) was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism,* * anti-Semitism,* * * * * * and military failure.* * * * The honorific Netaji (Hindi: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the ''Indische Legion'' and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India. Subhas Bose was born into wealth and privilege in a large Bengali family in Orissa during the British Raj. The early recipient of an Anglocentric education, he was sent after college to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination. He succeeded with distinction in the vital first exam but demurred at taking the routine final exam, citing nationalism to be a higher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Imperial Police
The Indian Imperial Police, referred to variously as the Imperial Police or simply the Indian Police or, by 1905, Imperial Police, was part of the Indian Police Services, the uniform system of police administration in British Raj, as established by Government of India Act 1858, Police Act of 1861. It was motivated by the danger experienced by the British during the 1857 rebellion. During 1920 the Imperial Indian police had 310,000 police in their contingent. Its members policed more than 300 million people in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Burma (then comprising the British Raj). In 1948, a year after India's independence, the Imperial Police Service was replaced by the Indian Police Service, which had been constituted as part of the All-India Services by the Constitution.Maheshwari, S. R. (2001''Indian Administration'' (Sixth Edition), p. 306. Orient Blackswan.At Google Books. Retrieved 13 August 2013. History It comprised two branches, the Superior Police Services, from which t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santosh Kumar Mitra
Santosh kumar Mitra (Bengali: সন্তোষ কুমার মিত্র) or Santosh Mitra (15 August 1900 – 16 September 1931) was an activist of the Indian independence movement and a martyr. Early life Mitra was born on 15 August 1900 in Kolkata, in a middle class Bengali family. He passed matriculation from Hindu School, Kolkata in 1915 and became graduate from the University of Calcutta in 1919. During the period 1921–22, he completed his M.A and LL.B. Revolutionary activities Santosh Mitra joined the Indian National Congress. He founded the Swaraj Sevak Sangha and was attached with Hooghly Vidya Mandir which was headed by Bhupati Majumder, one of the Jugantar Leaders in 1922. He organised a Socialist conference in Kolkata in the presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru. After the suspension of Non-cooperation movement Mitra shifted to the extremist movement in the struggle for Independence. He was charged with Shankharitola Murder Case and arrested in 1923. Death On 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IIT Kharagpur
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur) is a public institute of technology established by the Government of India in Kharagpur, West Bengal, India. Established in 1951, the institute is the first of the IITs to be established and is recognised as an Institute of National Importance. In 2019 it was awarded the status of Institute of Eminence by the Government of India. The institute was initially established to train engineers after India attained independence in 1947. However, over the years, the institute's academic capabilities diversified with offerings in management, law, architecture, humanities, etc. IIT Kharagpur has an campus and has about 22,000 residents. History Foundation In 1946, a committee by Sir Jogendra Singh, Member of Viceroy's executive council, to consider the creation of higher technical institutions "for post-World War II industrial development of India". This was followed by the creation of a 22-member committee headed by Nal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-cooperation Movement
The Non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on 4 September 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance.Noncooperation movement " ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', December 15, 2015. Retrieved 2021-08-10.Wright, Edmund, ed. 2006. non-cooperation (in British India) " ''A Dictionary of World History'' (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192807007. This came as result of the |
