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Hessel Hermana
Hessel Hermana is the fourth potestaat (or elected governor) of Friesland in the list of rulers of Frisia. Supposedly from Sexbierum (chosen 869 - died c876), he does not appear in historical sources until the late 16th century. His name is then attached to the Dane Rudolf Haraldsson who invaded Oostergo in order to recover Danegeld (tribute) by force. These Danes were on the way back from France. A battle ensued with this gang of 800 Vikings involving the death of 500 Danes on the battlefield. Rudolf Haraldsson was killed in battle and the Frisians won, but Hessel also lost his life. His predecessor was Adelbrik Adelen and he was succeeded by Igo Galema as potestaat. His family crest exhibits 2 Frisian eagle A Frisian eagle is a specific kind of eagle in Dutch heraldry, consisting of half of a black double-headed eagle on the ''dexter'' side of a shield parted per pale. It originated as a mark of favour granted to certain Frisian noblemen by the Hol ...s. ReferencesFries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friesland
Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of Flevoland, northeast of North Holland, and south of the Wadden Sea. As of January 2020, the province had a population of 649,944 and a total area of . The province is divided into 18 municipalities. The capital and seat of the provincial government is the city of Leeuwarden (West Frisian: ''Ljouwert'', Liwwaddes: ''Liwwadde''), a city with 123,107 inhabitants. Other large municipalities in Friesland are Sneek (pop. 33,512), Heerenveen (pop. 50,257), and Smallingerland (includes city of Drachten, pop. 55,938). Since 2017, Arno Brok is the King's Commissioner in the province. A coalition of the Christian Democratic Appeal, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, the Labour Party, and the Frisian National Party forms the exec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rulers Of Frisia
Of the first historically verifiable rulers of Frisia, whether they are called dukes or kings, the last royal dynasty below is established by the chronicles of Merovingian kings of the Franks, with whom they were contemporaries. In these contemporary chronicles, they were styled ''dux'', a Latin term for leader which is the origin of the title ''duke'' and its cognates in other languages (''duc'', ''duce'', ''doge'', ''duque'', etc.). They were independent until the death of Radbod at the earliest. After coming under Frankish rule, Frisia was governed by counts the power of these counts was very limited due to the decentralized nature of the region specifically due to the terrain. Following the Treaty of Verdun and Treaty of Meersen the Frisians east of the Vlie came under the rule of the Saxon kings of East Francia, The Saxon counts that formally owned parts of Frisia generally held little power in the region and relied on local nobles to exploit the territory in exchange for p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexbierum
Sexbierum ( fry, Seisbierrum) is a village in the municipality of Waadhoeke, in the central north of the Netherlands. Sexbierum is located in the province of Friesland and located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Harlingen, about 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Franeker. The distance to Amsterdam is about 100 kilometres (60 mi). The village consists of approximately 600 houses, with 1,744 inhabitants in January 2014. History In history the village is first mentioned in the 13th century as Sixtisberen. The name means "houses of Sixtus" and is a reference to pope Sixtus II. The name can be read in Dutch as sex, beer, rum, and therefore, the place name signs get occasionally stolen. Sexbierum is a ''terp'' (artificial living hill) village from the 8th century. It was originally separated from Pietersbierum by a trench of the Wadden Sea. The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 13th century. The Liauckema State was a '' stins'' from the 13th century which wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Haraldsson
Rodulf Haraldsson (died June 873), sometimes Rudolf, from Old Norse Hróðulfr, was a Viking leader who raided the British Isles, West Francia, Frisia, and Lotharingia in the 860s and 870s. He was a son of Harald the Younger and thus a nephew of Rorik of Dorestad, and a relative of both Harald Klak and Godfrid Haraldsson, but he was "the black sheep of the family".Simon Coupland (1998), "From Poachers to Gamekeepers: Scandinavian Warlords and Carolingian Kings", ''Early Medieval Europe'', 7 (1), 101–103. He was baptised, but under what circumstances is unknown. His career is obscure, but similar accounts are found in the three major series of ''Reichsannalen'' from the period: the ''Annales Bertiniani'' from West Francia, the ''Annales Fuldenses'' from East Francia, and the ''Annales Xantenses'' from Middle Francia. He died in an unsuccessful attempt to impose a danegeld on the locals of the Ostergo.Einar Joranson (1923), ''The Danegeld in France'' (Rock Island: Augustana), 237†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oostergo
Eastergoa (also Ostergau, Ostergo, or Oostergo) was one of the seven areas and one of the three '' Gaue'' within what is today the province of Friesland in the Netherlands. Area On its west side Eastergoa was bordered by the Middelsee with Westergoa on the other side of the water. To the south the Alde Leppedyk and the Boarn were the border with , and later with ( nl, Zeuvenwoolden). To the east it was bordered by the Lauwers, the Lauwerzee and the Westerkwartier of the Ommelanden (the western portion of the today's province of Groningen). 1200 The whole of this area belonged to Wininge and Achtkarspelen, which was at that point still a part of Eastergoa. Around 1200 Wininge comprised Dantumadeel, Dongeradeel and Ferwerderadeel ( fy, Dantumadiel, Dongeradiel, longname=yes and ') in the north and , Leeuwarderadeel and Tietjerksteradeel in the south ( fy, Idaarderadiel, Ljouwerteradiel, longname=yes, links=no and '). Around 1250 it was split into two parts called the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danegeld
Danegeld (; "Danish tax", literally "Dane yield" or tribute) was a tax raised to pay tribute or protection money to the Viking raiders to save a land from being ravaged. It was called the ''geld'' or ''gafol'' in eleventh-century sources. It was characteristic of royal policy in both England and Francia during the ninth through eleventh centuries, collected both as tributary, to buy off the attackers, and as stipendiary, to pay the defensive forces. The term ''danegeld'' did not appear until the late eleventh century. In Anglo-Saxon England tribute payments to the Danes was known as ''gafol'' and the levy raised to support the standing army, for the defense of the realm, was known as ''heregeld'' (army-tax). England In England, a hide was notionally an area of land sufficient to support one family; however their true size and economic value varied enormously. The hide's purpose was as a unit of assessment and was the basis for the land-tax that became known as Danegeld. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vikings
Vikings ; non, vÃkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and settled throughout parts of Europe.Roesdahl, pp. 9–22. They also voyaged as far as the Mediterranean, North Africa, Volga Bulgaria, the Middle East, and North America. In some of the countries they raided and settled in, this period is popularly known as the Viking Age, and the term "Viking" also commonly includes the inhabitants of the Scandinavian homelands as a collective whole. The Vikings had a profound impact on the early medieval history of Scandinavia, the British Isles, France, Estonia, and Kievan Rus'. Expert sailors and navigators aboard their characteristic longships, Vikings established Norse settlements and governments in the British Isles, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, Normandy, and the Baltic coast, as wel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelbrik Adelen
Adelbrik Adelen (Sexbierum, elected about 830) was the third potestaat (magistrate governor) of Friesland a province of the Netherlands. He was potestaat during the government of Lorraine, and defeated the Vikings. In Kollum he won a victory over a Swedish duke. There is a source that indicates that he is a brother or a cousin of the Utrecht Bishop Frederik, who came from the same Friesian village of Sexbierum. He succeeded Taco Ludigman, and in turn was succeeded by Hessel Hermana. The family emblem of Adelen is a Friese eagle half left, and right on a blue field up with a key above. To the upper left and right is a 5-pointed star. References *Wopke Eekhoff ''Beknopte geschiedenis van Friesland, in hoofdtrekken'' 1851 p 490 google books Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text usin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igo Galema
Igo Galama (876 to 910) was the legendary fifth potestaat (or elected governor) of Friesland, now a province of the Netherlands. There is no evidence that he existed. The history of Friesland says that Galama was elected in 876 as potestaat. He would have been an excellent soldier, who did everything possible for the peace and prosperity of the Frisian people. He also reinforced the seawalls and erected several facilities to inhibit the incursion of the Vikings. The old custom of coastal surveillance, which was neglected by his predecessors, was reintroduced by Galama. Sometimes, the name of Igo is written as Ygo II Galama, to avoid confusion with Ygo I Galama who would have been the Frisian king Beroald (540-597), and according to the stories won a victory over Dagobert (born 603), the son of the Merovingian king Chlothar II (ruled 613 - 629). Also Ezonstad would agree Galama residents have particularly to be on their guard against the Vikings. On that occasion, he woul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frisian Eagle
A Frisian eagle is a specific kind of eagle in Dutch heraldry, consisting of half of a black double-headed eagle on the ''dexter'' side of a shield parted per pale. It originated as a mark of favour granted to certain Frisian noblemen by the Holy Roman Emperor, and is still borne in the arms of a number of Frisian families. The correct blazon in Dutch is: ''Gedeeld: I in goud een zwarte Friese adelaar komende uit de deellijn'' er pale: Or, a Frisian eagle sable rising from the line of partition. Examples File:Sneek wapen.svg, Arms of the town of Sneek File:Sûdwest-Fryslân wapen nieuw.svg, Arms of the Súdwest-Fryslân municipality File:Wappen Nordfriesland 2.jpg, Historical arms of North Frisia with its motto ''Lever duad as Slav'' (Better dead than a Slave) where the eagle actually appears in the sinister half. The North Frisian coat of arms is not identical with that of modern Nordfriesland district. See also * Karelsprivilege *Magnus Forteman *Hessel Hermana * Grietman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA, nl, Universiteit van Amsterdam) is a public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The UvA is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in the city, the other being the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU). Established in 1632 by municipal authorities and later renamed for the city of Amsterdam, the University of Amsterdam is the third-oldest university in the Netherlands. It is one of the largest research universities in Europe with 31,186 students, 4,794 staff, 1,340 PhD students and an annual budget of €600 million. It is the largest university in the Netherlands by enrollment. The main campus is located in central Amsterdam, with a few faculties located in adjacent boroughs. The university is organised into seven faculties: Humanities, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Economics and Business, Science, Law, Medicine, Dentistry. The University of Amsterdam has produced six Nobel Laureates and fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
