|
Herri Batasuna
Herri Batasuna (; en, Popular Unity; HB) was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain. It was founded in 1978 and defined itself as abertzale, left-wing, socialist, and supported the independence of the Greater Basque Country. It was refounded as Batasuna in 2001 and subsequently outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court for being considered the political wing of the separatist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA). History The party was founded in April 1978 as Herri Batasuna, a coalition of leftist nationalist political groups initially brought together to advocate for "No" in the referendum to be held that year on the Spanish constitution. Its constituent parties had been called together by senior Basque nationalist Telesforo de Monzón in a 1978 meeting called "The table of Alsasua". Herri Batasuna's founding convention was held in Lekeitio, home of Santiago Brouard, who was then the leader of HASI (Herriko Alderdi Sozialista Iraultzailea or Revolutionary Socialist Peop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euskal Sozialista Biltzarrea
Basque Socialist Party or Basque Socialist Assembly ( es, Partido Socialista Vasco and eu, Euskal Sozialista Biltzarrea; ESB–PSV) was a socialist Basque political party, with presence in the Southern Basque Country. The party was illegal until 1978. History ESB-PSV was formed as the merge of the Basque Socialist Movement and the Aitzina group in 1975. Originally the party was social democratic and ambiguous about independence, but in 1977 ESB-PSV radicalized its positions, assuming both Basque independence and Marxism. The party participated in the Summit of Chiberta and in the Roundtable of Alsasua, being one of the founding parties of the Herri Batasuna coalition. After a series of internal debates, ESB left Herri Batasuna Herri Batasuna (; en, Popular Unity; HB) was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain. It was founded in 1978 and defined itself as abertzale, left-wing, socialist, and supported the independence of the Greater Basque Country. It was r ... i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abertzale Left
Abertzale left ( eu, Ezker abertzalea, es, Izquierda abertzale; ) is a term used to refer to the parties or organizations of the Basque nationalist/separatist left, stretching from democratic socialism to communism. This leftist character is highlighted in contrast to the traditional '' jeltzale'' nationalism represented by the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV), a conservative and Christian-democratic party, which has long been the largest in the Basque Country. The first examples of ''abertzale'' parties are the Basque Nationalist Republican Party (EAAE-PRNV), active from 1909 to 1913, and the Basque Nationalist Action (EAE-ANV), active from 1930 to 2008. They represented the non-confessional Basque nationalist references when ETA was formed in 1959 by younger generations. ''Ezker abertzalea'' (or, in Spanish, ''izquierda abertzale'') is notably used when referring to the leftist-nationalist environment of Batasuna, an outlawed political party. More recently, in 1986, a left ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HASI
People's Socialist Revolutionary Party ( eu, Herri Alderdi Sozialista Iraultzailea; HASI) was a non-legal Basque political party, considered commonly to be the political branch of ETA. It always ran as part of the coalition of the Basque National Liberation Movement, Herri Batasuna Herri Batasuna (; en, Popular Unity; HB) was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain. It was founded in 1978 and defined itself as abertzale, left-wing, socialist, and supported the independence of the Greater Basque Country. It was r ..., until its self-dissolution in the 1990s. The party's acronym "HASI" means "to begin" in Basque language. References Casanova, Iker; Asensio, Paul (2006). Argala. Tafalla (Navarra): Editorial Txalaparta. p. 376. . Defunct communist parties in the Basque Country (autonomous community) Basque nationalism 1979 establishments in Spain Political parties established in 1979 Communist parties in Spain Banned political parties in the Basque Count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago Brouard
Santiago Brouard or Santi Brouard (1919 in Lekeitio – 20 November 1984 in Bilbao) was a doctor and Basque people, Basque politician. He was one of the leaders of Herri Batasuna, and deputy mayor of Bilbao. He was killed by the Spanish government's death squad, the Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación (GAL), in one of its highest-profile acts. Broaurd was shot by GAL gunmen Luis Morcillo and Rafael López Ocaña as he left his paediatric clinic in Bilbao. Early years Born in the town of Lekeitio, he studied medicine in the university of Valladolid. After finishing his studies, he went back to the Basque Country and specialized in paediatrics in Basurto-Zorroza, Basurtu hospital. He married Teresa Aldamiz, with whom he had three children. He helped create the first ikastolas (schools where lessons were given in Basque language) in Bizkaia. Joining politics In 1974, Brouard had to escape to the Northern Basque Country (French side of the Basque Country) after he treated an E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lekeitio
Lekeitio (; es, Lequeitio) is a town and municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the Spanish Autonomous Community of Basque Country, northeast from Bilbao. The municipality has 7,307 inhabitants (2019) and is one of the most important fishing ports of the Basque coast. Tourism has an important role during the summer seasons, when the town is a resort with one beach called ''Isunza'' and the nearby ''Carraspio'' beach in the town of Mendexa. The most important monument is the church of ''Santa María'', a gothic basilica from the 15th century. Lekeitio is also the birthplace of Resurrección María de Azkue, one of the most important Basque scholars of the 19th century. Festivals San Pedroak The celebration of San Pedro takes place from 29 June, saints day, to 1 July. It begins with a mass in honor of the saint and a procession with his image. The mass is celebrated in the church of Santa Maria, and from there the procession starts to walk the streets of the town. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telesforo De Monzón
Telesforo or Telésforo is a masculine given name derived from Telesphorus. It may refer to: * Telesforo Castillejos (born 1947), Filipino politician and former provincial governor * Telésforo Isaac (born 1929), retired Episcopal bishop in the Dominican Republic * Telesforo Monzón (1904–1981), Basque writer, politician and nationalist Basque leader * Telésforo Pedraza Ortega (born 1945), Colombian politician, diplomat and lawyer * Telésforo Santiago Enríquez (died 2019), Mexican radio journalist, professor and murder victim * Telesforo Trinidad Telesforo de la Cruz Trinidad (November 25, 1890 – May 8, 1968) was a Filipino fireman 2nd class in the United States Navy who received the Medal of Honor for actions in Mexican waters near La Paz, on board the USS ''San Diego'' on 21 January 19 ... (1890–1968), United States Navy fireman awarded the Medal of Honor {{given name Masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Constitution Of 1978
The Spanish Constitution (Spanish, Asturleonese, and gl, Constitución Española; eu, Espainiako Konstituzioa; ca, Constitució Espanyola; oc, Constitucion espanhòla) is the democratic law that is supreme in the Kingdom of Spain. It was enacted after its approval in a constitutional referendum, and it is the culmination of the Spanish transition to democracy. The Constitution of 1978 is one of about a dozen of other historical Spanish constitutions and constitution-like documents; however, it is one of two fully democratic constitutions (the other being the Spanish Constitution of 1931). It was sanctioned by King Juan Carlos I on 27 December, and published in the ' (the government gazette of Spain) on 29 December, the date on which it became effective. The promulgation of the constitution marked the culmination of the Spanish transition to democracy after the death of general Francisco Franco, on 20 November 1975, who ruled over Spain as a military dictator for nearly 40 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Constitutional Referendum, 1978
A constitutional referendum was held in Spain on Wednesday, 6 December 1978, to gauge support for either the ratification or repealing of the Spanish Constitution which had been approved by the Cortes Generales on 31 October 1978. The question asked was "Do you approve of the Constitution Bill?" ( es, ¿Aprueba el Proyecto de Constitución?). The referendum resulted in 91.8% of valid votes in support of the bill on a turnout of 67.1%. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1824 Purpose The new constitution was intended to replace the many constitutional laws of the Franco era, the Fundamental Laws of the Realm, and turn Spain into a constitutional monarchy by removing many of the King's powers. The feat of creating a democratic system without breaking the structures of power of the state was made possible by the approval of the Political Reform Act of 1977, passed by the Francoist Cortes as the last Fundamental Law. It had been drafted by the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
ETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ("Basque Homeland and Liberty"ETA BASQUE ORGANIZATION 20 October 2011 or "Basque Country and Freedom"), was an armed and far left organization in the Basque Country (in northern Spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court (Spain)
The Supreme Court ('', TS'') is the highest court in the Kingdom of Spain. Originally established pursuant to Title V of the Constitution of 1812 to replace —in all matters that affected justice— the System of Councils, and currently regulated by Title VI of the Constitution of 1978, it has original jurisdiction over cases against high-ranking officials of the Kingdom and over cases regarding illegalization of political parties. It also has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all cases. The Court has the power of judicial review, except for the judicial revision on constitutional matters, reserved to the Constitutional Court. As set in the Judiciary Organic Act of 1985, the Court consists of the President of the Supreme Court and of the General Council of the Judiciary, the Vice President of the Supreme Court, the Chairpersons of the Chambers and an undetermined number of Magistrates. Each Magistrate of the Supreme Court is nominated by the General Council of the Judiciar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batasuna
Batasuna (; en, Unity) was a Basque nationalist political party. Based mainly in Spain, it was banned in 2003, after a court ruling declared proven that the party was financing ETA with public money. The party is included in the "European Union list of terrorist persons and organizations" as a component of ETA. , 29 May 2006 :*''Euskadi Ta Askatasuna The following organisations are allegedly part of the terrorist group ETA: KAS, Xaki; Ekin, Jarrai- Haika- Segi, Gestoras Pro-amnistía, Askatasuna, Batasuna (also known as Herri Batasuna, also known as Euskal Herritarrok) Right after having been banned, Batasuna still managed to organize or support some rallies, public actions and several workplace strikes. The Spanish ruling was appealed before and, later on, confirmed by the European Court of Human Rights. As an association and not as a political party, Batasuna had a minor presence in the French Basque country, where it remained legal as "Batasuna" until its self-diss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
