|
Henry Christophe
Henri Christophe (; 6 October 1767 – 8 October 1820) was a key leader in the Haitian Revolution and the only monarch of the Kingdom of Haiti. Christophe was of Bambara ethnicity in West Africa, and perhaps of Igbo descent. Beginning with the slave uprising of 1791, he rose to power in the ranks of the Haitian revolutionary military. The revolution succeeded in gaining independence from France in 1804. In 1805 he took part under Jean-Jacques Dessalines in the capturing of Santo Domingo (now Dominican Republic), against French forces who acquired the colony from Spain in the Treaty of Basel. After Dessalines was assassinated, Christophe retreated to the Plaine-du-Nord and created a separate government. On 17 February 1807, he was elected president of the State of Haiti, as he named that area. Alexandre Pétion was elected president in the south. On 26 March 1811, Christophe created a kingdom in the north and was later proclaimed Henry I, King of Haïti. He also created a no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defender Of The Faith
Defender of the Faith ( la, Fidei Defensor or, specifically feminine, '; french: Défenseur de la Foi) is a phrase that has been used as part of the full style of many English, Scottish, and later British monarchs since the early 16th century. It has also been used by some other monarchs and heads of state. Scottish, English and British usage History The earliest use of the term appears in 1507, when King James IV of Scotland was granted the title of "Protector and Defender of the Christian Faith" by Pope Julius II. The title was conferred on James IV by the papal legate Robert Bellenden in a lavish ceremony in Holyrood Abbey. "Defender of the Faith" has been one of the subsidiary titles of the English and later British monarchs since it was granted on 11 October 1521 by Pope Leo X to King Henry VIII. His wife Catherine of Aragon also used the title. The title was conferred in recognition of Henry's book ''Assertio Septem Sacramentorum'' (''Defence of the Seven Sacraments' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution (french: révolution haïtienne ; ht, revolisyon ayisyen) was a successful insurrection by slave revolt, self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolt began on 22 August 1791, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved black, biracial, French, Spanish, British, and Polish participants—with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as Haiti's most prominent general. The revolution was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from Slavery in the Americas, slavery (though not from forced labour) and ruled by non-whites and former captives. It is now widely seen as a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World. The revolution's effects on the institution of slavery were felt throughout the Americas. The end of French rule and the abolition of slavery in the former colony was followed by a successful defense of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutscher Kunstverlag
The Deutscher Kunstverlag (DKV) is an educational publishing house with offices in Berlin and Munich. The publisher specializes in books about art, cultural history, architecture, and historic preservation. History Deutscher Kunstverlag was founded in 1921 in Berlin. Founders were the publishing companies Insel Verlag, E. A. Seemann, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Julius Hoffmann, G. Grote, Julius Bard, and Walter de Gruyter, as well as the bank . Some book series appeared already in 1925, which to this day still partially determine the publishing profile. In addition to scientific publications, the Deutscher Kunstverlag publishes art books and exhibition catalogs. After the Second World War, the publisher moved its headquarters to Munich. Since the 1990s, the owners have frequently changed. In early 2007, Gabriele Miller purchased the Deutscher Kunstverlag and was the sole shareholder. The head office of the publishing house was then moved back to Berlin. In October 2010, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gauvin Alexander Bailey
Gauvin Alexander Bailey is an American-Canadian author and art historian. He is Professor and Alfred and Isabel Bader Chair in Southern Baroque Art at Queen's University. Bailey is a correspondent étranger at the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Institut de France and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. He held the 2017 Panofsky Professorship at the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte in Munich. Early life and education Bailey was born in Vancouver B.C. on 8 July 1966. He attended the Schillergymnasium Münster among other schools, and graduated from Trinity College, Toronto at the University of Toronto with a B.A. in 1989 and M.A. in 1990, and from Harvard University with a Ph.D. in 1996. Career Bailey has taught Renaissance, Baroque, Latin American, and Asian art at King’s College at the University of Aberdeen, Boston College and Clark University, where he was program director for Art History and twice won the Hodgkins Junior Faculty Teaching Award (199 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sans-Souci Palace
The Palace of Sans-Souci, or Sans-Souci Palace (french: Palais Sans Souci ), was the principal royal residence of Henri Christophe, Henry I, King of Haiti, King of Kingdom of Haiti, Haiti, better known as Henri Christophe. It is located in the town of Milot, Haiti, Milot, approximately northeast of the Citadelle Laferrière, and southwest of the Three Bays Protected Area. Being among the first buildings constructed in a free Haiti after the Haitian Revolution, the Palace and the neighboring Citadelle, are Haitian icons and global symbols of liberty, and were inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1982. History The palace's name, French language, French for "carefree", is shared with both Sanssouci, Frederick the Great's palace in Potsdam, Germany, and with Haitian Revolution military leader Jean-Baptiste Sans Souci, who was executed by Henri Christophe in 1803. The palace was built between 1810 and 1813 by an undetermined number of workers. The residence accommodated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citadelle Laferrière
The Citadelle Henry Christophe , or simply the Citadelle ( en, Citadel), is a large early 19th-century fortress situated on the Bonnet à l'Evêque mountaintop in Nord, Haiti. The imposing structure is located approximately south of the city of Cap-Haïtien, southwest of the Three Bays Protected Area, and uphill from the town of Milot. Commissioned by Haitian revolutionary Henri Christophe, and built by tens of thousands of former slaves, the Citadelle was the linchpin of the newly independent Haiti's defensive strategy against potential French incursion. Including several smaller forts across the country, the stronghold remains the only African-derived military fortification in the New World as well as the first example of African-derived colonial architecture; which it shares with Sans-Souci Palace, also commissioned by Christophe. Designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1982—along with the aforementioned Sans-Souci, the fortress is universally regarded as an ic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques-Victor Henry, Prince Royal Of Haiti
Jacques-Victor Henry, Prince Royal of Haiti (3 March 1804 – 18 October 1820) was the heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of Haiti. He was the youngest child of Henri Christophe, then a general in the Haitian Army, by his wife Marie-Louise Coidavid. His father became President of the State of Haiti in 1807, and on March 28, 1811, he was proclaimed King of Haiti. The Prince Royal had two older brothers who both died before the proclamation of the kingdom, so he became the heir apparent with the title Prince Royal of Haiti, which came with the style of Royal Highness. Following the death of his father on October 8, 1820, the Prince Royal should have been proclaimed as King Henri II of Haiti, but the country was already in turmoil and he never had a chance. Ten days later, he was murdered after being bayoneted by revolutionaries at the Sans-Souci Palace The Palace of Sans-Souci, or Sans-Souci Palace (french: Palais Sans Souci ), was the principal royal residence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre Pétion
Alexandre Sabès Pétion (; April 2, 1770 – March 29, 1818) was the first president of the Republic of Haiti from 1807 until his death in 1818. He is acknowledged as one of Haiti's founding fathers; a member of the revolutionary quartet that also includes Toussaint Louverture, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, and his later rival Henri Christophe. Regarded as an excellent artilleryman in his early adulthood, Pétion would distinguish himself as an esteemed military commander with experience leading both French and Haitian troops. The 1802 coalition formed by him and Dessalines against French forces led by Charles Leclerc would prove to be a watershed moment in the decade-long conflict, eventually culminating in the decisive Haitian victory at the Battle of Vertières in 1803. Early life Pétion was born "Anne Alexandre Sabès" in Port-au-Prince to Pascal Sabès, a wealthy French father and Ursula, a free mulatto woman, which made him a ''quadroon'' (a quarter African ancestry). Like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Haïti
The president of Haiti ( ht, Prezidan peyi Ayiti, french: Président d'Haïti), officially called the president of the Republic of Haiti (french: link=no, Président de la République d'Haïti, ht, link=no, Prezidan Repiblik Ayiti), is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government, which is headed by the prime minister of Haiti. Prime Minister Ariel Henry currently serves as Acting President following the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse on 7 July 2021. Term and election A number of qualifications for the presidency are specified by Chapter III, Section A (Articles 134 and 135) of the 1987 Constitution of Haiti. The president is elected to a five-year term by popular vote. The president may not be elected to consecutive terms; he may serve a second term only after an interval of five years, and may not run for a third term. To be elected president, a candidate must: # be a native-born Haitian and never have re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plaine-du-Nord
Plaine-du-Nord ( ht, Plèn dinò) is a commune in the Acul-du-Nord Arrondissement, in the Nord department of Haiti. It has 28,544 inhabitants. Communal Sections The commune consists of four communal sections, namely: * Morne Rouge, rural * Basse Plaine, urban (town of Plaine-du-Nord) and rural * Grand Boucan, urban (Robillard neighborhood) and rural * Bassin Diamant, rural Notable people Bermane Stiverne Bermane Stiverne (born November 1, 1978) is a Haitian-Canadian professional boxer. He held the WBC heavyweight title from 2014 to 2015. He also challenged twice for world titles in 2017 and 2021. Amateur career Stiverne started boxing at the ... (Born 1978) – former WBC heavyweight world champion. References Populated places in Nord (Haitian department) Communes of Haiti {{Haiti-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peace Of Basel
The Peace of Basel of 1795 consists of three peace treaties involving France during the French Revolution (represented by François de Barthélemy). *The first was with Prussia (represented by Karl August von Hardenberg) on 5 April; *The second was with Spain (represented by Domingo d'Yriarte) on 22 July, ending the War of the Pyrenees; and *The third was with the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (represented by Friedrich Sigismund Waitz von Eschen) on 28 August, concluding the stage of the French Revolutionary Wars against the First Coalition. With great diplomatic cunning, the treaties enabled France to placate and divide its enemies of the First Coalition, one by one. Thereafter, Revolutionary France emerged as a major European power. The first treaty, on 5 April 1795 between France and Prussia, had been under discussion since 1794. Prussia withdrew from the coalition that had been working on the impending partition of Poland and, when it was appropriate, withdrew its troops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Era De Francia
In the history of the Dominican Republic, the period of ''Era de Francia'' ( "Era of France", "French Era" or "French Period") occurred in 1795 when France acquired the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, annexed it into Saint-Domingue and briefly came to acquire the whole island of Hispaniola by the way of the Treaty of Basel, allowing Spain to cede the ''eastern'' colony as a consequence of the French Revolutionary Wars. During this time, it was also referred to as the ''French Santo Domingo''. Background In 1665, French colonization of the western part of the island was officially recognized by Louis XIV. The French colony was given the name Saint-Domingue. In the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick, Spain formally ceded the western third of the island to France. Saint-Domingue quickly came to overshadow the east in both wealth and population. Nicknamed the "Pearl of the Antilles," it became the richest colony in the West Indies and one of the richest in the world. Large sugar cane plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
