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Hemichoanella
The Genus ''Hemichoanella'' is a small, extinct, orthoconic nautiloid cephalopod from the Lower Ordovician of Western Australia assigned to the orthoceratoid family, ''Baltoceratidae''. ''Hemichoanella'' and the Baltoceratidae are part of the subclass of once diverse and numerous shelled cephalopods known as the Nautiloidea. ''Hemichoanella'' is characterized by its straight, smooth longiconic shell with a circular cross section, large marginal siphuncle and sutures with deep narrow ventral lobes. Septal necks are hemichoanitic, the source of the name, and reach halfway to the previous septa. Connecting rings are thick and uniform, each extending from the tip of a septal neck to the tip of the preceding neck. (T&G 1954) ''Hemichoanella'' was named by Teichert and Glenister in 1954 (T&G 1954) for specimens found in Emanuel Creek, Kimberley Division, Western Australia. The type species, ''Hemichoanella canningi'' (Teichert & Glenister) is named in honor of Alfred Canning, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Canning
Alfred Wernam Canning (21 February 1860 – 22 May 1936) was a Western Australian government surveyor. Born at Campbellfield north of Melbourne, he started work in New South Wales as a cadet surveyor and in 1893 joined the Western Australian Department of Lands and Survey. In 1901 a royal commission resulted in Canning being commissioned to survey a route for a barrier fence across the State. Construction of the fence, known as the No. 1 Rabbit Proof Fence was completed in 1907. When completed it was the longest line of unbroken fence in the world. Canning is best known for surveying a stock route for bringing cattle overland from the Kimberley district to the goldfields in 1906 and 1907. He returned the following year to commence construction of 51 wells which were set one days march () apart to feed travelling livestock. The route was completed in 1910 and runs from Halls Creek to Wiluna. Canning received a hero's welcome on his return to Perth, however his cook ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Nautiloids
This list of nautiloids is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the subclass Nautiloidea, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (''nomina dubia''), or were not formally published (''nomina nuda''), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered nautiloids. Most of the listed genera are found in Part K of the ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology''. Some, added since the year of publication (1964) are found simply in various scientific journals and special publications. The named genera are based on type specimens which are housed in various museums and other academic institutions worldwide, available to interested researchers. Note that ''Allonautilus'' and ''Nautilus'' are the only extant genera. A *†'' Acanthonautilus'' *†'' Acaroceras'' *†'' Acleistoceras'' *†'' Acrosphaerorthoceras' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthoceratoid
Orthoceratoidea is a major subclass of nautiloid cephalopods. Members of this subclass usually have orthoconic (straight) to slightly cyrtoconic (curved) shells, and central to subcentral siphuncles which may bear internal deposits. Orthoceratoids are also characterized by dorsomyarian muscle scars (a small number of large scars concentrated at the top of the body chamber), extensive cameral deposits, and calciosiphonate connecting rings with a porous and calcitic inner layer. Currently, Orthoceratoidea comprises the orders Riocerida, Dissidocerida, Actinocerida, Pseudorthocerida, Lituitida and Orthocerida. Orthocerida is a noteworthy paraphyletic order which is ancestral to the major cephalopod groups such as the extinct ammonoids and living coleoids (cephalopods without external shells, including squids, octopus, cuttlefish, etc.). Taxonomy As a superorder, Orthoceratiodea was one of six superorders within the Nautiloidea, the others being the Plectronoceratoidea (= Elles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nautiloid
Nautiloids are a group of marine cephalopods ( Mollusca) which originated in the Late Cambrian and are represented today by the living ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonautilus''. Fossil nautiloids are diverse and speciose, with over 2,500 recorded species. They flourished during the early Paleozoic era, when they constituted the main predatory animals. Early in their evolution, nautiloids developed an extraordinary diversity of shell shapes, including coiled morphologies and giant straight-shelled forms ( orthocones). Only a handful of rare coiled species, the nautiluses, survive to the present day. In a broad sense, "nautiloid" refers to a major cephalopod subclass or collection of subclasses (Nautiloidea ''sensu lato''). Nautiloids are typically considered one of three main groups of cephalopods, along with the extinct ammonoids (ammonites) and living coleoids (such as squid, octopus, and kin). While ammonoids and coleoids are monophyletic clades with exclusive ancestor-descendant rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltoceras
''Baltoceras'' is a member of the ''Ellesmerocerida'', included in the family, ''Baltoceratidae''. The shell of ''Baltoceras'' is slender with a subcircular cross section, straight transverse sutures, and a large siphuncle in contact with the venter. Septal necks are short but not vestigial; connecting rings are thick; endosiphonal organic deposits are unknown. ''Baltoceras'' ranges in age from Whiterock to Chazy (Middle Ordovician). The few species known are from the upper Pogonip Limestone of Nevada, the Day Point Limestone of New York, and the “Orthoceras limestone” of the Baltic region of Europe. ''Baltoceras'' differs from ''Rioceras'' in the same family in that ''Baltoceras'' has deeper camerae, longer septal necks and thinner connecting rings. Also ''Rioceras'' is earlier, mostly late Canadian in age. It should not be confused with the orthocerid, ''Balticoceras''. References * Flower, R.H. 1964, The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda) Memoir 12; Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canning Stock Route
The Canning Stock Route is a track that runs from Halls Creek in the Kimberley region of Western Australia to Wiluna in the mid-west region. With a total distance of around 1,850 km (1,150 mi) it is the longest historic stock route in the world. The stock route was proposed as a way of breaking a monopoly that west Kimberley cattlemen had on the beef trade at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1906, the Government of Western Australia appointed Alfred Canning to survey the route. When the survey party returned to Perth, Canning's treatment of Aboriginal guides came under scrutiny leading to a Royal Commission. Canning had been organising Aboriginal hunts to show the explorer where the waterholes were. Despite condemning Canning's methods, the Royal Commission, after the Lord Mayor of Perth, Alexander Forrest had appeared as a witness for Canning, exonerated Canning and his men of all charges. The cook who made the complaints was dismissed and Canning was sent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimberley Division
Kimberley Land Division is one of five land divisions of Western Australia recognised in the ''Land Administration Act 1997''. It occupies roughly the same area as the Kimberley region of the state. Location Schedule 1 of the Act, as with all other preceding Acts which defined the Kimberley Land Division, defines the Division as "all that portion of the State lying to the North of the parallel of 19° 30' South latitude." This represents all of the Kimberley region other than the southern part of Eighty Mile Beach Eighty Mile Beach, also spelled Eighty-mile Beach or 80-mile Beach, lies along the north-west coast of Western Australia about half-way between the towns of Broome, Western Australia, Broome and Port Hedland, Western Australia, Port Hedland. I ... and about half of Shire of Halls Creek. History The division was defined in the Land Regulations on 2 March 1887, and first appeared in legislation in section 38 of the Land Act 1898. On 12 December 1905, the Surveyor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siphuncle
The siphuncle is a strand of tissue passing longitudinally through the shell of a cephalopod mollusk. Only cephalopods with chambered shells have siphuncles, such as the extinct ammonites and belemnites, and the living nautiluses, cuttlefish, and ''Spirula''. In the case of the cuttlefish, the siphuncle is indistinct and connects all the small chambers of that animal's highly modified shell; in the other cephalopods it is thread-like and passes through small openings in the septa (walls) dividing the camerae (chambers). Some older studies have used the term siphon for the siphuncle, though this naming convention is uncommon in modern studies to prevent confusion with a mollusc organ of the same name. Function The siphuncle is used primarily in emptying water from new chambers as the shell grows. To perform this task, the cephalopod increases the saltiness of the blood in the siphuncle, and the water moves from the more dilute chamber into the blood through osmosis. At the sam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animalia
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, can reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described—of which around 1 million are insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a bilaterally symmetric body plan. The Bilateria include the protostomes, containing animals such as nematodes, arthropods, flatworms, annelids and molluscs, and the deuterostomes, containing the echinode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mollusca
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gastropod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
