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Helix HeadRoom
HeadRoom is a DOS context switching and multitasking memory manager produced by Helix Software Company in the late 1980s and early 1990s. HeadRoom managed multiple terminate-and-stay-resident programs (TSRs) and was the first TSR manager to allow sharing of address space and interrupts among TSRs in DOS. HeadRoom v1.0 was released in September 1988. In April 1989, Helix Software released HeadRoom v1.1 together with the "HeadRoom Network Extensions." This version added support for network communications processes. The HeadRoom Network Extensions intercepted and buffered NETBIOS and TCP/IP communications requests, allowing HeadRoom to manage network communications software such as mainframe Terminal Emulators and e-mail programs. The background communications of these programs would continue while the programs were swapped out. HeadRoom would reactivate the swapped-out programs when activity occurred on the NETBIOS or TCP/IP sockets. In October 1989, Helix Software released He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Context Switching
In computing, a context switch is the process of storing the state of a process or thread, so that it can be restored and resume execution at a later point, and then restoring a different, previously saved, state. This allows multiple processes to share a single central processing unit (CPU), and is an essential feature of a multitasking operating system. The precise meaning of the phrase "context switch" varies. In a multitasking context, it refers to the process of storing the system state for one task, so that task can be paused and another task resumed. A context switch can also occur as the result of an interrupt, such as when a task needs to access disk storage, freeing up CPU time for other tasks. Some operating systems also require a context switch to move between user mode and kernel mode tasks. The process of context switching can have a negative impact on system performance. Cost Context switches are usually computationally intensive, and much of the design of o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terminal Emulator
A terminal emulator, or terminal application, is a computer program that emulates a video terminal within some other display architecture. Though typically synonymous with a shell or text terminal, the term ''terminal'' covers all remote terminals, including graphical interfaces. A terminal emulator inside a graphical user interface is often called a terminal window. A terminal window allows the user access to a text terminal and all its applications such as command-line interfaces (CLI) and text user interface (TUI) applications. These may be running either on the same machine or on a different one via telnet, ssh, dial-up, or over a direct serial connection. On Unix-like operating systems, it is common to have one or more terminal windows connected to the local machine. Terminals usually support a set of escape sequences for controlling color, cursor position, etc. Examples include the family of terminal control sequence standards known as ECMA-48, ANSI X3.64 or ISO/IEC 6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IRMA Board
Irma may refer to: People * Irma (name), a female given name * Irma (singer), full name Irma Pany, a Cameroonian female singer-songwriter Places * Irma, Alberta, Canada, a village * Irma, Lombardy, Italy, a ''comune'' * Irma, Wisconsin, USA, an unincorporated community * 177 Irma, a fairly large and dark main belt asteroid Brands and enterprises * Irma (supermarket), a Danish supermarket chain * IRMA board, an early interface card for PCs and Macs * Irma Hotel, a landmark built in Cody, Wyoming by "Buffalo Bill" Cody (it is still open for business as both a hotel and restaurant) * Irma Records, an Italian record label Other uses * Irma (dog), a Dickin Medal-winning dog * Operation Irma, a series of airlifts of civilians during the Siege of Sarajevo * SS ''Irma'' (1905), a Norwegian merchant ship sunk in controversial circumstances in 1944 * Tropical Storm Irma, various storms named Irma ** Hurricane Irma, the 9th named storm of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season * Instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Communications Associates
Digital Communication Associates, Inc. (DCA), was a company in the computer and telecommunications industry, located in Alpharetta, Georgia, United States. Overview Digital Communications Associates was founded by John Alderman, who led the company until 1981, when he was replaced by Bertil Nordin. In February 1983, DCA went public, raising 24 million USD. Later, Garry Betty (1957-2007) was CEO of DCA, until he left for Earthlink in November 1996. Together with Intel, DCA had designed the DCA/Intel Communicating Applications Specification (CAS). It defines a standard, high-level programming interface for data communications applications. The DCX format is the standard file format for storing FAX images in CAS. DCA was in the market of producing T-1 multiplexers. In 1995, DCA of Alpharetta, Georgia, was acquired by Attachmate of Bellevue, Washington. Acquisitions In 1981, under the leadership of Bertil Nordin, DCA acquired Technical Analysis Corporation (TAC), the makers of the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAMpage
Rampage may refer to: Places * Rampage Mountain, a mountain in Montana People * Quinton Jackson (born 1978; nicknamed "Rampage"), American mixed martial artist and actor * Randy Rampage (1960-2018), Canadian musician * Rampage (rapper) (born 1974), American rapper Arts, entertainment, and media Fictional characters * Rampage (DC Comics), a DC Comics superheroine * Rampage (Marvel Comics), a Marvel Comics supervillain * Rampage (Transformers), the name of several different fictional characters in the Transformers universes * Rampage, a fictional character played by Javan Miller in the British web series '' Corner Shop Show'' * Rampage, a fictional character from the ''G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero'' franchise Films * ''Rampage'' (1963 film), a 1963 American adventure film * ''Rampage'' (1986 film), a 1986 Turkish action film, also known as ''Korkusuz'' and unofficially as ''Turkish Rambo'' * ''Rampage'' (1987 film), a 1987 American crime-drama film * ''Rampage'' (2006 fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AST Research
AST Research, Inc., later doing business as AST Computer, was a personal computer manufacturer. It was founded in 1980 in Irvine, California by Albert Wong, Safi Qureshey, and Thomas Yuen, as an initialism of their first names. In the 1980s, AST designed add-on expansion cards, and evolved toward the 1990s into a major personal computer manufacturer. AST was acquired by Samsung Electronics in 1997 but was ''de facto'' closed in 1999 due to a series of losses. Foundation (1979–1986) AST Research was founded as AST Associates by Thomas C. K. Yuen, Albert C. Wong, and Safi U. Qureshey. All three were immigrants to the United States—Yuen and Wong from Hong Kong and Qureshey from Pakistan. Yuen had met Qureshey while working for Computer Automation Inc. in the 1970s, while Wong was a roommate of Yuen's while they both attended Orange Coast College in Costa Mesa, California. All had come to the United States to study engineering. Yuen was the principal founder of AST, proposi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LIM EMS
In DOS memory management, expanded memory is a system of bank switching that provided additional memory to DOS programs beyond the limit of conventional memory (640 KiB). ''Expanded memory'' is an umbrella term for several incompatible technology variants. The most widely used variant was the Expanded Memory Specification (EMS), which was developed jointly by Lotus Software, Intel, and Microsoft, so that this specification was sometimes referred to as "LIM EMS". LIM EMS had several versions. The first widely implemented version was EMS 3.2, which supported up to 8 MiB of expanded memory and uses parts of the address space normally dedicated to communication with peripherals (upper memory) to map portions of the expanded memory. EEMS, an expanded-memory management standard competing with LIM EMS 3.x, was developed by AST Research, Quadram and Ashton-Tate ("AQA"); it could map any area of the lower 1 MiB. EEMS ultimately was incorporated in LIM EMS 4.0, which supporte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microsoft Windows
Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for servers, and Windows IoT for embedded systems. Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x, Windows Mobile, and Windows Phone. The first version of Windows was released on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Windows is the most popular desktop operating system in the world, with 75% market share , according to StatCounter. However, Windows is not the most used operating system when including both mobile and desktop OSes, due to Android's massive growth. , the most recent version of Windows is Windows 11 for consumer PCs and tablets, Windows 11 Enterprise for corporations, and Windows Server 2022 for servers. Genealogy By marketing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Context Switch
In computing, a context switch is the process of storing the state of a process or thread, so that it can be restored and resume execution at a later point, and then restoring a different, previously saved, state. This allows multiple processes to share a single central processing unit (CPU), and is an essential feature of a multitasking operating system. The precise meaning of the phrase "context switch" varies. In a multitasking context, it refers to the process of storing the system state for one task, so that task can be paused and another task resumed. A context switch can also occur as the result of an interrupt, such as when a task needs to access disk storage, freeing up CPU time for other tasks. Some operating systems also require a context switch to move between user mode and kernel mode tasks. The process of context switching can have a negative impact on system performance. Cost Context switches are usually computationally intensive, and much of the design of opera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mainframe
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. A mainframe computer is large but not as large as a supercomputer and has more processing power than some other classes of computers, such as minicomputers, servers, workstations, and personal computers. Most large-scale computer-system architectures were established in the 1960s, but they continue to evolve. Mainframe computers are often used as servers. The term ''mainframe'' was derived from the large cabinet, called a ''main frame'', that housed the central processing unit and main memory of early computers. Later, the term ''mainframe'' was used to distinguish high-end commercial computers from less powerful machines. Design Modern mainframe design is characterized less by ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Multitasking
In computing, multitasking is the concurrent execution of multiple tasks (also known as processes) over a certain period of time. New tasks can interrupt already started ones before they finish, instead of waiting for them to end. As a result, a computer executes segments of multiple tasks in an interleaved manner, while the tasks share common processing resources such as central processing units (CPUs) and main memory. Multitasking automatically interrupts the running program, saving its state (partial results, memory contents and computer register contents) and loading the saved state of another program and transferring control to it. This " context switch" may be initiated at fixed time intervals (pre-emptive multitasking), or the running program may be coded to signal to the supervisory software when it can be interrupted (cooperative multitasking). Multitasking does not require parallel execution of multiple tasks at exactly the same time; instead, it allows more than o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Network Socket
A network socket is a software structure within a network node of a computer network that serves as an endpoint for sending and receiving data across the network. The structure and properties of a socket are defined by an application programming interface (API) for the networking architecture. Sockets are created only during the lifetime of a process of an application running in the node. Because of the standardization of the TCP/IP protocols in the development of the Internet, the term ''network socket'' is most commonly used in the context of the Internet protocol suite, and is therefore often also referred to as Internet socket. In this context, a socket is externally identified to other hosts by its socket address, which is the triad of transport protocol, IP address, and port number. The term ''socket'' is also used for the software endpoint of node-internal inter-process communication (IPC), which often uses the same API as a network socket. Use The use of the term ''socke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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