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Helga Kreuter-Eggemann
Helga Kreuter-Eggemann, née Helga Eggemann (1914 - 16 February 1970), was a German art historian involved in looting art in France during the Nazi occupation. Life Helga Eggemann studied art history and received her doctorate from the University of Berlin in 1941. From 1941 to 1944 she worked for the Nazi looting organisation the Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce (ERR) in France. During this time she was the lover of the business lawyer Alexander Kreuter, whom she later married. She lived in Munich and owned a collection of Gothic manuscripts, graphics from French impressionism and art nouveau arts and crafts. In 1946 the OSS Art Looting Intelligence Unit investigated Eggemann for her involvement in the Nazi looted art trade and placed her on the Red Flag list. In 2013, historians tracing the history of a Matisse that had been stolen by Nazis from the art collector Paul Rosenberg found that Eggemann had been involved in processing it at the Jeu de Paume museums where art looted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce
The Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce (german: Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg or ''ERR'') was a Nazi Party organization dedicated to appropriating cultural property during the Second World War. It was led by the chief ideologue of the Nazi Party, Alfred Rosenberg, from within the NSDAP Office of Foreign Affairs. Between 1940 and 1945, the ERR operated in France, Netherlands, Belgium, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Greece, Italy, and on the territory of the Soviet Union in the Reichskommissariat Ostland and Reichskommissariat Ukraine. Much of the looted material was recovered by the Allies after the war, and returned to rightful owners, but there remains a substantial part that has been lost or remains with the Allied powers. Formation The ERR was initially a project of '' Hohe Schule der NSDAP'', a Nazi-oriented elite university, which was subordinate to Alfred Rosenberg. Rosenberg wanted it to be a research institute filled with cultural material on the opponents of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kreuter
Alexander Kreuter (November 29, 1886, in Speyer – September 27, 1977) was an influential German business lawyer and banker during the Nazi occupation of France. Education and early career Kreuter studied law and political science at the University of Munich from 1906 and was awarded a doctorate by Walther Lotz in 1909. He was a civil commissioner for the province of Leuven in occupied Belgium during World War I. In 1918 he was advisor to the Armistice Commission and the delegation for the Peace Treaty of Versailles for economic and financial matters. In 1919, he was commissioner for raw materials and products of the "Dictatorial Economic Committee". In 1922, he became a member of the Provisional Reich Economic Council. He negotiated the German-Dutch financial agreement of May 11, 1920, with the Dutch government. After leaving the civil service, he founded the trust administration for the German-Dutch financial agreement GmbH (" Tredefina"), which he headed for over fifty years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raoul Meyer
Raoul Salomon Meyer, born on 30 June 1892 in Villefranche-sur-Saône and died on 14 June 1970 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, was a French businessman and anti-Nazi resistance fighter who directed the Galeries Lafayette group. Biography Raoul Meyer was the son-in-law of Théophile Bader, the head of Galeries Lafayette, whose eldest daughter Yvonne he married. After participating in the Resistance and the Liberation of Paris, he took charge of Galeries Lafayette on September 20, 1944, until 1970. He is the grandfather of Rabbi David Meyer. Raoul Meyer and his wife had an adopted daughter Léone-Noëlle Meyer, whose biological family was murdered in the Holocaust. She became the mother of Rabbi David Meyer. Nazi era During the Nazi occupation of France in 1940, Les Galeries Lafayette underwent a process of "Aryanization", that is the removal of Jewish owners and their replacement by non-Jewish owners. Théophile Bader, Raoul Meyer, Max Heilbronn, the store's administrators and 129 Jewish e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shepherdess Bringing In Sheep
''Shepherdess Bringing in the Sheep'' () is a painting by Camille Pissarro from 1886. Ownership dispute Looted by the Nazis from Raoul Meyer during the German occupation of France, the Pissarro painting was the object of a restitution claim by Raoul Meyer after the war against the art dealer Christoph Bernoulli and again decades later by his daughter, Léone-Noëlle Meyer, against the Fred Jones Jr. Museum at the University of Oklahoma. The museum fought the claim. A settlement was reached in 2016 which involved the circulation of the Pissarro between the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art and the Musée d'Orsay The Musée d'Orsay ( , , ) ( en, Orsay Museum) is a museum in Paris, France, on the Left Bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, a Beaux-Arts railway station built between 1898 and 1900. The museum holds mainly French art .... The settlement was later called into question and the case landed back in court. Sources * Joachim Pissarro et Claire Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rose Valland
Rose Antonia Maria Valland (1 November 1898 – 18 September 1980) was a French art history, art historian, member of the French Resistance, captain in the Military of France, French military, and one of the most decorated women in French history. She secretly recorded details of the Nazi plundering of National French and private Jewish-owned art from France; and, working with the French Resistance, she saved thousands of works of art. Early life Valland was born in Saint-Étienne-de-Saint-Geoirs, Isère, the daughter of a blacksmith. Like many gifted pupils from humble backgrounds, she received a scholarship to an ''normal school, école normale'', a teacher school. She graduated in 1918, with the plan of becoming an art teacher. She studied art at the École nationale des beaux-arts de Lyon, graduating in 1922. Valland then topped the competitive exam for art teacher training and underwent two years of training at the École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts in Paris, graduat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Holocaust In France
The Holocaust in France was the persecution, deportation, and annihilation of Jews and Roma between 1940 and 1944 in occupied France, metropolitan Vichy France, and in Vichy-controlled French North Africa, during World War II. The persecution began in 1940, and culminated in deportations of Jews from France to Nazi concentration camps in Nazi Germany and Nazi-occupied Poland. The deportation started in 1942 and lasted until July 1944. Of the 340,000 Jews living in metropolitan/continental France in 1940, more than 75,000 were deported to death camps, where about 72,500 were murdered. Anti-semitism was prevalent to at least some extent throughout Europe at the time. As was the case elsewhere in other German-occupied and aligned states, in France the Nazis relied to a considerable extent on the co-operation of local authorities to carry out what they called the Final Solution. The government of Vichy France and the French police organized and implemented the roundups of Jews. Alt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970 Deaths
Year 197 ( CXCVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Magius and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 950 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 197 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * February 19 – Battle of Lugdunum: Emperor Septimius Severus defeats the self-proclaimed emperor Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). Albinus commits suicide; legionaries sack the town. * Septimius Severus returns to Rome and has about 30 of Albinus's supporters in the Senate executed. After his victory he declares himself the adopted son of the late Marcus Aurelius. * Septimius Severus forms new naval units, manning all the triremes in Italy with heavily armed troops for war in the East. His soldiers embark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 Births
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It also saw the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with the St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line. Events January * January 1 – The St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line in the United States starts services between St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida, becoming the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with Tony Jannus (the first federally-licensed pilot) conveying passengers in a Benoist XIV flying boat. Abram C. Pheil, mayor of St. Petersburg, is the first airline passenger, and over 3,000 people witness the first departure. * January 11 – The Sakurajima volcano in Japan begins to erupt, becoming effusive after a very large earthquake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Art Historians
German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman times) * German language **any of the Germanic languages * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (other) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
