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Heidal Church
Heidal Church ( no, Heidal kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Sel Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bjølstad, in Heidal, a side valley of the main Gudbrandsdalen valley. It is the church for the Heidal parish which is part of the Nord-Gudbrandsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a Churches in Norway#Floor plan, cruciform design in 1941 using plans drawn up by the architect Bredo Berntsen. The church seats about 292 people. The church, cemetery, and Bjølstad Chapel are encircled by a sturdy double-layered timber-framed wall that is approximately tall. The wall has a slate roof on top. History The history of this church is rather complicated with several church sites and various buildings that have served the congregation over the centuries. The first church in Heidal was a wooden stave church that is said to have been built during the first half of the 11th century. The ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sel Municipality
Sel is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the Traditional districts of Norway, traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the List of cities in Norway, town of Otta, Norway, Otta. The municipality also includes several notable villages including Bjølstad, Dale, Sel, Dale, Høvringen, Nord-Sel, Sandbumoen, Sjoa (village), Sjoa, and Skogbygda, Sel, Skogbygda. The municipality is the 130th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Sel is the 172nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,531. The municipality's population density is and its population has decreased by 7.7% over the previous 10-year period. General information The new municipality of Sel was established on 1 January 1908 when Vågå Municipality was divided into three. The northeastern part became the new Sel Municipality (population: 2,287), the southeastern part became the ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architect
An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that have human occupancy or use as their principal purpose. Etymologically, the term architect derives from the Latin ''architectus'', which derives from the Greek (''arkhi-'', chief + ''tekton'', builder), i.e., chief builder. The professional requirements for architects vary from place to place. An architect's decisions affect public safety, and thus the architect must undergo specialized training consisting of advanced education and a ''practicum'' (or internship) for practical experience to earn a Occupational licensing, license to practice architecture. Practical, technical, and academic requirements for becoming an architect vary by jurisdiction, though the formal study of architecture in academic institutions has played a pivotal role in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakob Klukstad
Jakob Bersveinson Klukstad (1705–1773) was a Norwegian wood carver and painter. Klukstad had great significance for future wood carvers in the Gudbrand Valley. Biography Klukstad was born in Lom, Norway, Lom. He spent most of his career on the Klukstad farm in Lesja. In 1734 he married Anne Knutsdatter (1704-1766) from Lom. Beginning in 1746 they are recorded as taking communion at the church in Lesja, where they continued for years afterwards. In 1747 Klukstad was recorded as holding a cotter's farm that was attached to the larger farm of Nordistugu Klukstad in Lesja. He was buried at Lesja Church, where a memorial stone recognizing his work was placed at his grave in 2000. Klukstad was a self-taught artist who developed his own unique style. His main artistic contribution came at churches in the Gudbrand Valley, where he received several major commissions. His altarpieces and pulpits were richly carved with motifs of continuous vines with large-leaved acanthus or smaller, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cruciform
Cruciform is a term for physical manifestations resembling a common cross or Christian cross. The label can be extended to architectural shapes, biology, art, and design. Cruciform architectural plan Christian churches are commonly described as having a cruciform architecture. In Early Christian, Byzantine and other Eastern Orthodox forms of church architecture this is likely to mean a tetraconch plan, a Greek cross, with arms of equal length or, later, a cross-in-square plan. In the Western churches, a cruciform architecture usually, though not exclusively, means a church built with the layout developed in Gothic architecture. This layout comprises the following: *An east end, containing an altar and often with an elaborate, decorated window, through which light will shine in the early part of the day. *A west end, which sometimes contains a baptismal font, being a large decorated bowl, in which water can be firstly, blessed (dedicated to the use and purposes of God) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consecrated
Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service. The word ''consecration'' literally means "association with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different groups. The origin of the word comes from the Latin stem ''consecrat'', which means dedicated, devoted, and sacred. A synonym for consecration is sanctification; its antonym is desecration. Buddhism Images of the Buddha and bodhisattvas are ceremonially consecrated in a broad range of Buddhist rituals that vary depending on the Buddhist traditions. Buddhābhiseka is a Pali and Sanskrit term referring to these consecration rituals. Christianity In Christianity, consecration means "setting apart" a person, as well as a building or object, for God. Among some Christian denominations there is a complementary service of "deconsecration", to remove a consecrated place of its sacred character in preparation for either demolition or sale for s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Rigsdaler
The rigsdaler specie was a unit of silver currency used in Norway, renamed as the speciedaler in 1816 and used until 1873. Norway used a common reichsthaler currency system shared with Denmark, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein until 1873 when the gold standard was implemented in Scandinavia and the German Empire. Rigsdaler specie The reichsthaler currency system used in Northern Europe until 1873 consisted of the silver Reichsthaler specie (''Rigsdaler specie'') worth 120 ''skillings'' in Norway and Denmark, and the lower-valued ''Rigsdaler courant'' worth th of specie or 96 ''skillings'' (both units worth 60 and 48 ''schellingen'', respectively, in Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein). The Hamburg Bank equated 9 reichsthalers specie to a Cologne Mark of fine silver, hence 25.28 g silver in a ''rigsdaler specie''. Coins In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 skilling, , , , , and 1 rigsdaler specie. Banknotes In 1695, gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Northern War
The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter I of Russia, Frederick IV of Denmark–Norway and Augustus II the Strong of Saxony– Poland–Lithuania. Frederick IV and Augustus II were defeated by Sweden, under Charles XII, and forced out of the alliance in 1700 and 1706 respectively, but rejoined it in 1709 after the defeat of Charles XII at the Battle of Poltava. George I of Great Britain and the Electorate of Hanover joined the coalition in 1714 for Hanover and in 1717 for Britain, and Frederick William I of Brandenburg-Prussia joined it in 1715. Charles XII led the Swedish army. Swedish allies included Holstein-Gottorp, several Polish magnates under Stanislaus I Leszczyński (1704–1710) and Cossacks under the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa (1708–17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Church Auction
The Norwegian church sale ( no, kirkesalget) was a comprehensive and systematic sale of most of the church properties in Norway during the 1720s. The purpose of this sale was the intention of improving the poor public finances in the Kingdom of Denmark-Norway after the Great Northern War. In 1721, the government decided that the churches in Norway and the property they owned, with some exceptions, would be sold. This event is often referred to as "the great church sale" ( no, det store kirkesalget). This sale was mainly carried out in the years 1723 to 1730. A total of 632 churches and annex chapels with all their associated church estates were sold. About a hundred of them were sold to the congregations and the rest were sold to individuals, often clergymen such as bishops and priests. Later, most churches were bought back by the congregation, often with help from the municipality. In retrospect, this church sale has been criticized in relation to whether the King even had ownership ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choir (architecture)
A choir, also sometimes called quire, is the area of a church or cathedral that provides seating for the clergy and church choir. It is in the western part of the chancel, between the nave and the sanctuary, which houses the altar and Church tabernacle. In larger medieval churches it contained choir-stalls, seating aligned with the side of the church, so at right-angles to the seating for the congregation in the nave. Smaller medieval churches may not have a choir in the architectural sense at all, and they are often lacking in churches built by all denominations after the Protestant Reformation, though the Gothic Revival revived them as a distinct feature. As an architectural term "choir" remains distinct from the actual location of any singing choir – these may be located in various places, and often sing from a choir-loft, often over the door at the liturgical western end. In modern churches, the choir may be located centrally behind the altar, or the pulpit. The back-choir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nave
The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type building, the strict definition of the term "nave" is restricted to the central aisle. In a broader, more colloquial sense, the nave includes all areas available for the lay worshippers, including the side-aisles and transepts.Cram, Ralph Adams Nave The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Accessed 13 July 2018 Either way, the nave is distinct from the area reserved for the choir and clergy. Description The nave extends from the entry—which may have a separate vestibule (the narthex)—to the chancel and may be flanked by lower side-aisles separated from the nave by an arcade. If the aisles are high and of a width comparable to the central nave, the structure is sometimes said to have three naves. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timber-framed
Timber framing (german: Holzfachwerk) and "post-and-beam" construction are traditional methods of building with heavy timbers, creating structures using squared-off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden pegs. If the structural frame of load-bearing timber is left exposed on the exterior of the building it may be referred to as half-timbered, and in many cases the infill between timbers will be used for decorative effect. The country most known for this kind of architecture is Germany, where timber-framed houses are spread all over the country. The method comes from working directly from logs and trees rather than pre-cut dimensional lumber. Hewing this with broadaxes, adzes, and draw knives and using hand-powered braces and augers (brace and bit) and other woodworking tools, artisans or framers could gradually assemble a building. Since this building method has been used for thousands of years in many parts of the world, many styles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bjølstad Farm
The Bjølstad Farm ( no, Bjølstad gård) is a farm in Heidal in the municipality of Sel in Innlandet county, Norway. The farm was mentioned in written sources as early as 1270. Eirik Bjørnsson, who gradually purchased the farm in the 1430s, was the ancestor of the Bratt family, who lived at the farm for many generations. By 1680 it had developed into a scattered farming settlement with more than 26 leased-out properties and 700 buildings. One of its larger properties is the farm named Søre Lykkja ('South Lykkja'), also known as Bjølstadløkken, to the northwest. The Veslesetra property also belongs to the farm. In 1904 the farm had of cultivated land and of forest. The farm is privately owned. The Bjølstad Chapel, now relocated at Heidal Church, is a timber-framed structure dating from 1531 that can accommodate 75 people. Its doorposts are believed to date from an earlier stave church and are decorated with Urnes Style Viking art, also known commonly as Norse art, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
