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Hegetotheriinae
Hegetotheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pliocene of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe .... References Typotheres Oligocene mammals Miocene mammals of South America Pliocene mammals Pliocene extinctions Pliocene notoungulates Prehistoric mammal families {{paleo-mammal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hegetotheriinae
Hegetotheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pliocene of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe .... References Typotheres Oligocene mammals Miocene mammals of South America Pliocene mammals Pliocene extinctions Pliocene notoungulates Prehistoric mammal families {{paleo-mammal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethegotherium
''Ethegotherium'' is an extinct genus of Notoungulates, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived from the Lower to the Middle Miocene, and its fossilized remains were discovered in South America. It might be a synonym of the genus ''Prohegetotherium''. Description This was a small-sized animal, not exceeding the size of a European rabbit. ''Ethegotherium'' is only known from a skull and a mandible, and it is difficult to restore its complete appearance. From comparison with its relatives, it can be supposed that it was a small notoungulate with a short tail and long hind legs. It shared similarities with the slightly older ''Prohegetotherium'', but differed from it in several ways, including its smaller size. The incisors and canines were directed forward, giving rise to a "false diastema" between them and the backward-directed first premolars. The upper canine had an arched crown, while the upper jugal teeth, with a high crown, were slightly imbricated, without any deve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prohegetotherium
''Prohegetotherium'' is an extinct genus of Hegetotheriidae, hegetotheriid Notoungulata, notoungulates from the Oligocene, Late Oligocene to Miocene, Early Miocene (Deseadan-Santacrucian in the South American land mammal age, SALMA classification) of the Agua de la Piedra Formation, Agua de la Piedra, Mariño Formation, Mariño & Sarmiento Formations of Argentina, the Petaca Formation, Petaca and Salla Formations of Bolivia, and Fray Bentos Formation of Uruguay.''Prohegetotherium'' at Fossilworks.org Taxonomy ''Prohegetotherium'' comprises three species, ''P. sculptum'', ''P. schiaffinoi'', and ''P. malalhuense''. Although ''Prohegetotherium shumwayi'' and ''P. crassus'' have long been synonymized with ' ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachyrukhinae
Hegetotheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pliocene of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe .... References Typotheres Oligocene mammals Miocene mammals of South America Pliocene mammals Pliocene extinctions Pliocene notoungulates Prehistoric mammal families {{paleo-mammal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosotherium
''Prosotherium'' is an extinct genus of hegetotheriid notoungulate. It lived during the Late Oligocene (between ~29-24 Ma), and its fossilized remains were found in South America. Description This animal was similar to rabbits, in aspect and in size. Its hind legs were particularly long. Crania Its crania was light and thin, notably in the posterior part. The tympanic part of the temporal bone was particularly developed, even more than its relative ''Pachyrukhos'', and it is probable that its auricle was quite large, similar to the ears of a hare. The maxilla and the mandible were high and deep ; the mandible had a subtle coronoid process. The teeth were characterized by incisors pointing inward, molars and premolars covered by a thin layer of dental cementum, generally on the outside part of the upper teeth and on the inside part of the lower teeth. Postcranial skeleton The humerus was large and thin, like the ulna and radius. Metacarpals and phalanges indicates that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notoungulata
Notoungulata is an extinct order of mammalian ungulates that inhabited South America from the early Paleocene to the Holocene, living from approximately 61 million to 11,000 years ago. Notoungulates were morphologically diverse, with forms resembling animals as disparate as rabbits and rhinoceroses. Notoungulata are the largest group of South American native ungulates, with over 150 genera in 14 families having been described, divided into two major subgroupings, Typotheria and Toxodontia. Notoungulates first diversified during the Eocene. Their diversity declined during the Late Neogene, with only the large toxodontids persisting until the end of the Pleistocene. Collagen analysis suggests that notoungulates are closely related to litopterns, another group of South American ungulates, and their closest living relatives being perissodactyls (odd-toed ungulates), including rhinoceroses, tapirs and equines. but their relationships to other South American ungulates are uncertain. Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliocene Extinctions
The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58See the 2014 version of the ICS geologic time scale million years ago. It is the second and most recent epoch of the Period in the . The Pliocene follows the Epoch and is followed by the |
Pliocene Mammals
The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58See the 2014 version of the ICS geologic time scale million years ago. It is the second and most recent epoch of the Period in the . The Pliocene follows the Epoch and is followed by the |
Miocene Mammals Of South America
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligocene Mammals
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain. The name Oligocene was coined in 1854 by the German paleontologist Heinrich Ernst Beyrich from his studies of marine beds in Belgium and Germany. The name comes from the Ancient Greek (''olígos'', "few") and (''kainós'', "new"), and refers to the sparsity of extant forms of molluscs. The Oligocene is preceded by the Eocene Epoch and is followed by the Miocene Epoch. The Oligocene is the third and final epoch of the Paleogene Period. The Oligocene is often considered an important time of transition, a link between the archaic world of the tropical Eocene and the more modern ecosystems of the Miocene. Major changes during the Oligocene included a global expansion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typotheres
Typotheria is a suborder of the extinct mammalian order Notoungulata and includes five families: Archaeopithecidae, Campanorcidae, Interatheriidae, Mesotheriidae, and Oldfieldthomasiidae. CifelliCifelli, Richard L. 1993. The phylogeny of the native South American ungulates. pp. 195-216 ''in'' F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek and M. C. McKenna (''eds.'') ''Mammal Phylogeny, Volume 2, Placentals''. Springer-Verlag, New York. indicated that Typotheria would be paraphyletic if it excluded members of the suborder Hegetotheria and he advocated inclusion of the hegetothere families Archaeohyracidae and Hegetotheriidae Hegetotheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pliocene of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a r ... in Typotheria. References Prehistoric animal suborders Mammal suborders {{paleo-mammal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southern subregion of a single continent called America. South America is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. The continent generally includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela; two dependent territories: the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; and one internal territory: French Guiana. In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Ascension Island (dependency of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory), Bouvet Island ( dependency of Norway), Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
