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Heeresgruppe Eichhorn - Wilna
The Army Group Hindenburg (German: ''Heeresgruppe Hindenburg'') was an Army Group of the German Army, which operated in the Baltics against Russia between 5 August 1915 and 30 July 1916 during World War I, under command of Ober Ost Paul von Hindenburg. It was renamed Army Group Eichorn when Hermann von Eichhorn replaced Hindenburg on 3 July 1916 and remained in place until 30 March 1918. Composition August 1915 * German Army of the Niemen (Otto von Below) (Dissolved Dec 1915) * German 8th Army (Friedrich von Scholtz) * German 10th Army ( Hermann von Eichhorn) * German 12th Army (Max von Gallwitz then Max von Fabeck) Composition January 1916 * German Armee-Abteilung D (Friedrich von Scholtz) * German 8th Army (Otto von Below) * German 10th Army ( Hermann von Eichhorn) * German 12th Army (Max von Gallwitz then Max von Fabeck) (dissolved Oct 1916) Composition September 1916 - March 1918 * German Armee-Abteilung D (Friedrich von Scholtz then Oskar von Hutier then ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Language
German ( ) is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and Official language, official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italy, Italian province of South Tyrol. It is also a co-official language of Luxembourg and German-speaking Community of Belgium, Belgium, as well as a national language in Namibia. Outside Germany, it is also spoken by German communities in France (Bas-Rhin), Czech Republic (North Bohemia), Poland (Upper Silesia), Slovakia (Bratislava Region), and Hungary (Sopron). German is most similar to other languages within the West Germanic language branch, including Afrikaans, Dutch language, Dutch, English language, English, the Frisian languages, Low German, Luxembourgish, Scots language, Scots, and Yiddish. It also contains close similarities in vocabulary to some languages in the North Germanic languages, North Germanic group, such as Danish lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th Army (German Empire)
The 12th Army (german: 12. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 12 / A.O.K. 12) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I formed in August 1915 by the redesignation of Gallwitz. It served exclusively on the Eastern Front and was dissolved on 9 October 1916 when its commander, General der Infanterie Max von Fabeck, was transferred to 8th Army. History On 9 February 1915 Guards Reserve Corps was redesignated ''Armee-Gruppe'' Gallwitz. Its commander was raised to the status of an Army Commander on 18 March 1915 and his ''Armee-Gruppe'' was redesignated as 12th Army on 7 August 1915. On 22 July, the armies of Central Powers crossed the Vistula river. In August, the Russian Fourth Army left the Ivangorod fortress. With the continuing Russian retreat, Warsaw became isolated, and the 12th Army seized the opportunity and conquered it on 4–5 August. Commanders ''Armee-Gruppe'' Gallwitz was redesignated as 12th Army on 7 August 1915 with von Gallwitz remaining in com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Groups Of The Imperial German Army
An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army. In some countries, such as France and China, the term "army", especially in its plural form "armies", has the broader meaning of armed forces as a whole, while retaining the colloquial sense of land forces. To differentiate the colloquial army from the formal concept of military force, the term is qualified, for example in France the land force is called ''Armée de terre'', meaning Land Army, and the air and space force is called ''Armée de l'Air et de l’Espace' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Von Mudra
Karl Bruno Julius Mudra, from 1913 von Mudra (1 April 1851, in Bad Muskau – 21 November 1931, in Zippendorf) was a Prussian officer, and later General of Infantry during World War I. He was a recipient of Pour le Mérite with Oak Leaves. Mudra married on 12 October 1886 in Rheydt Paula Schött (* 26 June 1860 in Rheydt – † 22 November 1937 in Schwerin), daughter of Hermann Schött (owner of a big print shop) and Sofie Wilhelmine Jansen. They had two children: * Herbert Emil Bruno (1887–1945), Colonel * Edith (1892–1942). Honours * : ** Iron Cross II Class (1870) ** Iron Cross I Class ** Pour le Mérite The ' (; , ) is an order of merit (german: Verdienstorden) established in 1740 by Frederick the Great, King Frederick II of Prussia. The was awarded as both a military and civil honour and ranked, along with the Order of the Black Eagle, the Or ... (13 January 1915) and Oak Leaves (17 October 1916) References * Hanns Möller: ''Geschichte der Ritter des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Von Kirchbach
Rudolph Bodo Hans von Kirchbach (born 22 June 1849 in Auerbach (Vogtland) – died 23 July 1928 in Dresden) was a Royal Saxon army officer who was a Generaloberst in the First World War and awarded the Pour le Mérite. Life and military career He came from the Saxon nobility. Kirchbach and was the son of the Oberland Forest Master Carl von Kirchbach (1799–1893), Privy Council of Finance and Saxon royal chamberlain, and his second wife Josephine von Bodenhausen (1825–1898). Kirchbach attended private school in Auerbach and the higher secondary school of Bezzenberger and Opelt in Dresden. He joined the army on 1 April 1863, at the age of 14 years, spending 3 years as a cadet in the Royal Saxon Artillery School in Dresden. In May 1866, Kirchbach was assigned to the 19th (2nd Royal Saxon) Foot Artillery and with this regiment took park in the Austro-Prussian War. He was promoted in July 1866 to the rank of second lieutenant and in August joined the 12th (1st Royal Saxon) Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Günther Von Kirchbach
Günther Emanuel Graf von Kirchbach (9 August 1850 – 6 November 1925) was a German Generaloberst who served during the First World War. Biography Günther von Kirchbach was born in Erfurt in 1850, the son of Hugo von Kirchbach. He entered the Prussian army in April 1868 as a second lieutenant in the Garde-Füsilier-Regiment and served with this regiment in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. He married Adda Freiin von Liliencron in 1883. By 1899 Kirchbach had been promoted to ''Generalmajor''. In 1903 he was promoted to '' Generalleutnant'' and in 1907 to '' General der Infanterie''. From 1908 to 1911 he was commanding officer of V Corps, a command his father had previously held during the Franco-Prussian War. Kirchbach's last position before the First World War broke out was as President of the Military Tribunal. On the outbreak of the war in August 1914, Kirchbach was given command of X Reserve Corps which served as part of the 2nd Army on the Western front. On 29 August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskar Von Hutier
Oskar Emil von Hutier (27 August 1857 – 5 December 1934) was a German general during the First World War. He served in the German Army from 1875 to 1919, including war service. During the war, he commanded the army that took Riga, Russian Republic, in 1917. The following year he was transferred to the Western Front to participate in Operation Michael that year. He is frequently but mistakenly credited with having created the stormtrooper tactics of small, rapid forces, which he employed to great effect during the Michael offensive. These tactics had been developed by other officers on the Western Front before he was reassigned there.Gudmundsson, p. xiii After retiring from the Army in 1919, Hutier presided over the German Officers' League until his death on 5 December 1934. He was among leaders who contended that the Army had been betrayed by enemies at home. Biography Oskar von Hutier was born in Erfurt on 27 August 1857, in the Prussian Province of Saxony. His family had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armee-Abteilung D
Armee-Abteilung Scholtz / Armee-Abteilung D (Army Detachment D) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I. It served on the Eastern Front throughout its existence. History Armee-Abteilung D was formed on 18 September 1915 from the southern wing of the Army of the Niemen as ''Armee-Gruppe'' Scholtz, named for the commander of XX Corps, a headquarters that it absorbed. On 28 October 1915 it was redesignated ''Armee-Abteilung'' Scholtz. It was established on 10 January 1917 as ''Armee-Abteilung'' D. It was dissolved on 2 October 1918 as a new XX Corps was created. Commanders ''Armee-Abteilung'' D had the following commanders during its existence: Glossary *''Armee-Abteilung'' or Army Detachment in the sense of "something detached from an Army". It is not under the command of an Army so is in itself a small Army. *''Armee-Gruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Von Fabeck
Herrmann Gustav Karl Max von Fabeck (6 May 1854 – 16 December 1916) was a Prussian military officer and a German '' General der Infantarie'' during World War I. He commanded the 13th Corps in the 5th Army and took part in the Race to the Sea on the Western Front and also commanded the new 11th Army on the Eastern Front. Subsequently, he commanded several German armies during the war until his evacuation from the front due to illness in 1916 and died on 16 December. A competent and highly decorated commander, von Fabeck is a recipient of the Pour le Mérite, Prussia's and Germany's highest military honor.William E. Hamelman: ''The History of the Prussian Pour le Mérite Order, Volume III (1888–1918)'' Matthäus Publishers, 1986 Life Fabeck was born in Berlin in 1854, when it was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia. He was the son of Prussian Lieutenant-General Hermann von Fabeck (1816–1873) and wife Bertha, née von dem Borne (1829–1910). By the time he was 17 years o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Von Gallwitz
Max Karl Wilhelm von Gallwitz (2 May 1852 – 18 April 1937) was a German general from Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia, who served with distinction during World War I on both the Eastern and Western Fronts. Biography Gallwitz grew up in a Catholic family in Breslau. In 1891, he married Friedrike. They had a daughter and son Werner, who became a lieutenant general in the Second World War. Gallwitz was a First World War corps commander (Guards Reserve Corps) on the Western Front, but he was almost immediately transferred east to join the Eighth Army under Hindenburg. In 1915, he took command of ''Armee-Gruppe'' Gallwitz (later redesignated Twelfth Army) and participated in the Galicia offensive alongside Mackensen, who commanded the Eleventh Army. Towards the end of 1915, Gallwitz succeeded Mackensen as commander of the Eleventh Army, as the latter campaigned against Serbia. In 1916, he moved back to the Western Front and defended against the British attack in the Battle of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Army (German Empire)
The 10th Army (german: 10. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 10 / A.O.K. 10) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I formed in January 1915 in Cologne. It served exclusively on the Eastern Front. It was dissolved on 6 January 1919. History During World War I the 10th Army was stationed on the Eastern Front where it fought against Russia. It also took part in the occupation of Poland and Belorussia at the end of 1918 when the war ended. The Tenth Army published the newspaper "Zeitung der 10. Armee" ("Newspaper of the 10th Army"). Commanders The 10th Army had the following commanders: Glossary *''Armee-Abteilung'' or Army Detachment in the sense of "something detached from an Army". It is not under the command of an Army so is in itself a small Army. *''Armee-Gruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task. *''Heeresgruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a numb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Group
An army group is a military organization consisting of several field armies, which is self-sufficient for indefinite periods. It is usually responsible for a particular geographic area. An army group is the largest field organization handled by a single commander – usually a full general or field marshal – and it generally includes between 400,000 and 1,000,000 soldiers. In the Polish Armed Forces and former Soviet Red Army an army group was known as a Front. The equivalent of an army group in the Imperial Japanese Army was a "general army" (). Army groups may be multi-national formations. For example, during World War II, the Southern Group of Armies (also known as the U.S. 6th Army Group) comprised the U.S. Seventh Army and the French First Army; the 21st Army Group comprised the British Second Army, the Canadian First Army and the US Ninth Army. In both Commonwealth and U.S. usage, the number of an army group is expressed in Arabic numerals (e.g., "12th Army Group"), wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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