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Hayashi Clan (Confucian Scholars)
The was a Japanese samurai clan which served as important advisors to the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa shōguns. Among members of the clan in powerful positions in the shogunate was its founder Hayashi Razan, who passed on his post as hereditary Rector (academia), rector of the neo-Confucianist Shōhei-kō school to his son, Hayashi Gahō, who also passed it on to his son, Hayashi Hōkō; this line of descent continued until the end of Hayashi Gakusai's tenure in 1867. However, elements of the school carried on until 1888, when it was folded into the newly organized Tokyo University. Hayashi clan position The Hayashi family's special position as personal advisors to the shōgun gave their school an imprimatur of legitimacy that no other contemporary Confucian academy possessed.Yamshita, Samuel Hideo. "Yamasaki Ansai and Confucian School Relations, 1650–1675," ''Early Modern Japan.'' 9:2, 3–18 (Fall 2001). This meant that Hayashi views or interpretation were construed as dogm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Razan
, also known as Hayashi Dōshun, was a Japanese Neo-Confucianism, Neo-Confucian philosopher and writer, serving as a tutor and an advisor to the first four ''shōguns'' of the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa ''bakufu''. He is also attributed with first listing the Three Views of Japan. Razan was the founder of the Hayashi clan (Confucian scholars), Hayashi clan of Confucian scholars. Razan was an influential scholar, teacher and administrator. Together with his sons and grandsons, he is credited with establishing the official neo-Confucian doctrine of the Tokugawa shogunate. Razan's emphasis on the values inherent in a static conservative perspective provided the intellectual underpinnings for the Edo bakufu. Razan also reinterpreted Shinto, and thus created a foundation for the eventual development of Confucianised Shinto in the 20th century. The intellectual foundation of Razan's life's work was based on early studies with Fujiwara Seika (1561–1619), the first Japanese schola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Courtesy Title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title). In some contexts, ''courtesy title'' is used to mean the more general concept of a title or honorific such as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Dr., Miss, Sir, and Madam. Europe In Europe, including France, many titles are not substantive titles but remain ''titres de courtoisie'', and, as such, are adopted unilaterally. When done by a genuine member of the ''noblesse d'épée'' the custom was tolerated in French society. A common practice is ''title declension'', when cadet males of noble families, especially landed aristocracy, may assume a lower courtesy title than that legally borne by the head of their family, even though lacking a titled ''seigneury'' themselves. For example, the eldest son of the ''Duke of Paris'' (substantive title) may be called ''Marq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Teiu
Hayashi ( 林, literally " woods"), is the 19th most common Japanese surname. It shares the same character as the Chinese surname Lin. Notable people with the surname include: *, Japanese synchronized swimmer *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese scholar and diplomat *, Japanese swimmer *, Japanese singer *Cheryl Hayashi, American biologist *, Japanese businesswoman *, Japanese naval surgeon and Reiki practitioner *, Japanese astrophysicist *, Japanese voice actress *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese sport shooter *, Japanese musician *, Japanese tennis player *, pen name of Kaitarō Hasegawa (1900–1935), Japanese writer *, Japanese writer and poet *, Japanese politician *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese economist *, Japanese physician *, pen name of Toshio Gotō, Japanese writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher and writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher *, Japanese diplomat *, Japanese physician *, Japanese rower *, Japanese samurai *, Japanese classical composer, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Kō
was a Japanese neo-Confucian scholar of the Edo period. He was an hereditary rector of Edo’s Confucian Academy, the ''Shōhei-kō'', also known at the ''Yushima Seidō,'' which was built on land provided by the shōgun. The ''Yushima-Seidō,'' which stood at the apex of the Tokugawa shogunate's educational system; and Jussai was styled with the hereditary title . Academician Hayashi ''Daigaku-no-kami'' Jussai was a member of the Hayashi clan of Confucian scholars, each of whom were ''ad hoc'' personal advisers to the shoguns prominent figures in the educational training system for the ''bakufu'' bureaucrats. The progenitor of this lineage of scholars was Hayashi Razan, who lived to witness his philosophical and pragmatic reasoning become a foundation for the dominant ideology of the ''bakufu'' until the end of the 19th century. This evolution developed in part from the official Hayashi ''schema'' equating samurai with the cultured governing class (although the samurai were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Jitsusai
was a Japanese neo-Confucian scholar of the Edo period. He was an hereditary rector of Edo’s Confucian Academy, the ''Shōhei-kō'', also known at the ''Yushima Seidō,'' which was built on land provided by the shōgun. The ''Yushima-Seidō,'' which stood at the apex of the Tokugawa shogunate's educational system; and Jussai was styled with the hereditary title . Academician Hayashi ''Daigaku-no-kami'' Jussai was a member of the Hayashi clan of Confucian scholars, each of whom were ''ad hoc'' personal advisers to the shoguns prominent figures in the educational training system for the ''bakufu'' bureaucrats. The progenitor of this lineage of scholars was Hayashi Razan, who lived to witness his philosophical and pragmatic reasoning become a foundation for the dominant ideology of the ''bakufu'' until the end of the 19th century. This evolution developed in part from the official Hayashi ''schema'' equating samurai with the cultured governing class (although the samurai were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Kōkaku
was the 119th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'')光格天皇 (119)/ref> Kōkaku reigned from 16 December 1780 until his abdication on 7 May 1817 in favor of his son, Emperor Ninkō. After his abdication, he ruled as also known as a until his death in 1840. The next emperor to abdicate of his own accord was Akihito, 202 years later. Major events in Kōkaku's life included an ongoing famine that affected Japan early into his rule. The response he gave during the time was welcomed by the people, and helped to undermine the shōgun's authority. The Kansei Reforms came afterwards as a way for the shōgun to cure a range of perceived problems which had developed in the mid-18th century but was met with partial success. A member of a cadet branch of the Imperial Family, Kōkaku is the founder of the dynastic imperial branch which currently sits on the throne. Kōkaku had one spouse during his lifetime, and si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsudaira Norimori
The was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture). During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of the Matsudaira clan, Matsudaira Motoyasu became a powerful regional daimyo under Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi and changed his name to Tokugawa Ieyasu. He subsequently seized power as the first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan during the Edo period until the Meiji restoration of 1868. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, many cadet branches of the clan retained the Matsudaira surname, and numerous new branches were formed in the decades after Ieyasu. Some of those branches were also of ''daimyō'' status. After the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the ''han'' system, the Tokugawa and Matsudaira clans became part of the new nobility. Origins The Matsudaira clan originated in Mikawa Province. Its origins are uncer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iwamura Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Mino Province in what is now the town of Iwamura, Gifu. It was centered around Iwamura Castle, and controlled parts of Mino and Suruga Provinces. Iwamura Domain was controlled by a number of ''fudai daimyō'' clans in the course of its history. History Following the Battle of Sekigahara, Tokugawa Ieyasu transferred Matsudaira Ienari of the Ogyū-Matsudaira clan from Niwa Domain in Kōzuke Province to the newly created Iwamura Domain. His son, Matsudaira Norinaga, distinguished himself during the Siege of Osaka and was rewarded with a promotion to Hamamatsu Domain in 1638. He was replaced by Niwa Ujinobu, formerly of Ibo Domain in Mikawa Province. He was from the Isshiki-Niwa clan, and was thus no relation to the more famous Niwa Nagahide, although both served Oda Nobunaga, and later Tokugawa Ieyasu. The Niwa clan ruled for five generations until 1705. The 5th ''daimyō'', Niwa Ujioto, attempte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Jussai
was a Japanese neo-Confucian scholar of the Edo period. He was an hereditary rector of Edo’s Confucian Academy, the ''Shōhei-kō'', also known at the ''Yushima Seidō,'' which was built on land provided by the shōgun. The ''Yushima-Seidō,'' which stood at the apex of the Tokugawa shogunate's educational system; and Jussai was styled with the hereditary title . Academician Hayashi ''Daigaku-no-kami'' Jussai was a member of the Hayashi clan of Confucian scholars, each of whom were ''ad hoc'' personal advisers to the shoguns prominent figures in the educational training system for the ''bakufu'' bureaucrats. The progenitor of this lineage of scholars was Hayashi Razan, who lived to witness his philosophical and pragmatic reasoning become a foundation for the dominant ideology of the ''bakufu'' until the end of the 19th century. This evolution developed in part from the official Hayashi ''schema'' equating samurai with the cultured governing class (although the samurai were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Nobutaka
Hayashi ( 林, literally " woods"), is the 19th most common Japanese surname. It shares the same character as the Chinese surname Lin. Notable people with the surname include: *, Japanese synchronized swimmer *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese scholar and diplomat *, Japanese swimmer *, Japanese singer *Cheryl Hayashi, American biologist *, Japanese businesswoman *, Japanese naval surgeon and Reiki practitioner *, Japanese astrophysicist *, Japanese voice actress *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese sport shooter *, Japanese musician *, Japanese tennis player *, pen name of Kaitarō Hasegawa (1900–1935), Japanese writer *, Japanese writer and poet *, Japanese politician *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese economist *, Japanese physician *, pen name of Toshio Gotō, Japanese writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher and writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher *, Japanese diplomat *, Japanese physician *, Japanese rower *, Japanese samurai *, Japanese classical composer, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Kanjun
Hayashi ( 林, literally " woods"), is the 19th most common Japanese surname. It shares the same character as the Chinese surname Lin. Notable people with the surname include: *, Japanese synchronized swimmer *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese scholar and diplomat *, Japanese swimmer *, Japanese singer *Cheryl Hayashi, American biologist *, Japanese businesswoman *, Japanese naval surgeon and Reiki practitioner *, Japanese astrophysicist *, Japanese voice actress *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese sport shooter *, Japanese musician *, Japanese tennis player *, pen name of Kaitarō Hasegawa (1900–1935), Japanese writer *, Japanese writer and poet *, Japanese politician *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese economist *, Japanese physician *, pen name of Toshio Gotō, Japanese writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher and writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher *, Japanese diplomat *, Japanese physician *, Japanese rower *, Japanese samurai *, Japanese classical composer, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayashi Kimpō
Hayashi ( 林, literally " woods"), is the 19th most common Japanese surname. It shares the same character as the Chinese surname Lin. Notable people with the surname include: *, Japanese synchronized swimmer *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese scholar and diplomat *, Japanese swimmer *, Japanese singer *Cheryl Hayashi, American biologist *, Japanese businesswoman *, Japanese naval surgeon and Reiki practitioner *, Japanese astrophysicist *, Japanese voice actress *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese sport shooter *, Japanese musician *, Japanese tennis player *, pen name of Kaitarō Hasegawa (1900–1935), Japanese writer *, Japanese writer and poet *, Japanese politician *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese economist *, Japanese physician *, pen name of Toshio Gotō, Japanese writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher and writer *, Japanese neo-Confucian philosopher *, Japanese diplomat *, Japanese physician *, Japanese rower *, Japanese samurai *, Japanese classical composer, pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
