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Hawkers In Kolkata
Hawkers in Kolkata numbering 275,000 generated business worth 87.72 billion (around 2 billion USD) in 2005. In Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta, in the Indian state of West Bengal, almost 80 per cent of the pavements are encroached by hawkers and illegal settlers. In many countries, hawkers use pavements or other public places to retail their goods or services but in Kolkata the magnitude has drawn special attention of administrators and law courts. Background The population of Kolkata urban agglomeration grew from 1,510,000 in 1901 to 4,670,000 in 1951 to 9,194,000 in 1981.Chakraborty, Satyesh C., ''The Growth of Calcutta in the Twentieth Century'', in ''Calcutta:The Living City'', Vol II, Edited by Chaudhuri, Sukanta, 1990/2005, Page 7, Table 2, Kolkata did draw in people from rural areas by offering a better quality of life. As in any other Indian city, the immigrants found poverty in Kolkata as severe and dehumanising as in the villages, but was offered a rela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolkata Hawker Park Street
Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commercial, and financial hub of Eastern India and the main port of communication for North-East India. According to the 2011 Indian census, Kolkata is the seventh-most populous city in India, with a population of 45 lakh (4.5 million) residents within the city limits, and a population of over 1.41 crore (14.1 million) residents in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area. It is the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. In 2021, the Kolkata metropolitan area crossed 1.5 crore (15 million) registered voters. The Port of Kolkata is India's oldest operating port and its sole major riverine port. Kolkata is regarded as the cultural capital of India. Kolkata is the second largest Bengali-speaking city after Dhaka. It has t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KMDA
Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) is the statutory planning and development authority for the Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA) in the state of West Bengal, India. The organisation used to be known as Calcutta Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) and retains the previous logo. KMDA is functioning under the administrative control of Department of Urban Development and Municipal Affairs of Government of West Bengal. Functions KMDA's role is multi-disciplinary: it is the agency of city planning, it sculpts new areas and townships, it develops physical infrastructure as well as provide basic services like water, drainage, waste management. KMDA is also the Technical Secretariat to Kolkata Metropolitan Planning Committee (KMPC). Besides these major functional areas, KMDA is also engaged in providing consultancy services and implementing projects on behalf of other public sector departments and agencies. History The organisation was formed under a Presidential Ord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economy Of Kolkata
Kolkata is the prime business, commercial and financial hub of eastern India and the main port of communication for the North East Indian states. Kolkata is the third largest economy in India after Mumbai and Delhi. Kolkata, with a GDP ( PPP) of $150.1 billion is home to India's oldest, stock exchange company (bourse) – The Calcutta Stock Exchange. Kolkata is home to many industrial units operated by large public- and private-sector corporations; major sectors include Steel, Heavy engineering, Mining, minerals, cement, pharmaceuticals, food processing, agriculture, electronics, textiles, and jute. Economic history and recent developments Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian Empire until 1911. Throughout the British Raj, the city was a major port and commercial center in the world economy. The Partition of India in 1947 was a major blow to the once flourishing economy during the world wars, it removed most of the hinterland, cutting down the supply of the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengal Hawkers Association
The Bengal Hawkers Association is a trade union of hawkers in West Bengal, India. It is affiliated with the Trade Union Coordination Centre. It was founded in 1950 and is the oldest hawkers' union in the state. It gained a strong following amongst refugees from East Pakistan East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India .... References Trade unions in India Trade Union Coordination Centre Trade unions in West Bengal Retail trade unions Organisations based in Kolkata Street vendors Trade unions established in 1950 1950 establishments in West Bengal {{India-trade-union-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcutta Hawkers' Men Union
Calcutta Hawkers' Men Union is a trade union of hawkers in Kolkata. CHMU was founded in 1971. CHMU is affiliated to All India Trade Union Congress The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) is the oldest trade union federation in India. It is associated with the Communist Party of India. According to provisional statistics from the Ministry of Labour, AITUC had a membership of 14.2 mill .... Its membership is mainly based amongst food vendors. References Ritajyoti Bandyopadhyay, ''Streets in Motion: The Making of Infrastructure, Property, and Political Culture in Twentieth-century Calcutta'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/streets-in-motion/2D42F4BF0D2086A1DBB254A5120ACB42, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009109208 Trade unions in India All India Trade Union Congress Trade unions in West Bengal Retail trade unions Organisations based in Kolkata Street vendors Trade unions established in 1971 1971 establishments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bikash Bhattacharya
Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya is an Indian Communist politician and lawyer. He is currently serving as a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He served as Mayor of Kolkata from 2005 to 2010, heading the Kolkata municipal corporation, led by the Left Front (West Bengal) in the state of West Bengal. Bikash Bhattacharya hails from the Kalighat region of Kolkata. He joined the Communist Party of India (Marxist) as a student. He is a lawyer by profession. He took over the reins of the Kolkata Municipal Corporation from the outgoing Mayor Subrata Mukherjee of Trinamool Congress party. He was appointed as the Advocate General of Tripura for 5 years. Being a senior advocate he leads various remarkable cases like "Saradha", "Narada sting operation" etc. Recently, he has become the poster-boy of TMC government opposition by his cascading eloquence and fiery oratory. He fought from the Jadavpur Loksabha constituency in 2019 Loksabha election for CPI(M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolkata High Court
The Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India. It is located in B.B.D. Bagh, Kolkata, West Bengal. It has jurisdiction over the state of West Bengal and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The High Court building's design is based on the Cloth Hall, Ypres, in Belgium. It is the oldest high court in India. Currently, the court has a sanctioned judge strength of 72. History The Calcutta High Court is one of the three High Courts in India established at the Presidency Towns by Letters patent granted by Queen Victoria, bearing date 26 June 1862, and is the oldest High Court in India. It was established as the High Court of Judicature at Fort William on 1 July 1862 under the High Courts Act, 1861, which was preceded by the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William. The building structure was designed by Walter Long Bozzi Granville. Despite the name of the city having officially changed from Calcutta to Kolkata in 2001, the Court, as an instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All India Trinamool Congress
The All India Trinamool Congress (English: All India Grassroots Congress; AITC), colloquially the Trinamool Congress ( TMC) is an Indian political party which is predominantly active in West Bengal. The party is led by Mamata Banerjee, the current Chief Minister of West Bengal, who has led the state since 2011. It is currently the third largest party in Parliament with 23 members in Lok Sabha and 13 members in Rajya Sabha and 235 MLAs in State legislative assemblies of India, just after BJP and INC. In 2016 the Election Commission recognised TMC as a national political party. History Founding After being a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) for over 26 years, Mamata Banerjee quit the INC and established the TMC in 1998. The official election symbol of the TMC is ''Jora Ghas Phul'' (two flowers with grass). In the 1998 Lok Sabha polls, TMC won 7 seats. In the next Lok Sabha election that was held in 1999, Trinamool Congress won 8 seats with BJP, thus increasing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolkata Police
The Kolkata Police Force (KPF) is one of the two presidency police forces of the Indian state of West Bengal. Kolkata Police has the task of policing the metropolitan area (apart from Bidhannagar and New Town, which are served by the Bidhannagar City Police, the area in Howrah City is managed by Howrah City Police and the area in Hooghly City is managed by Chandannagar Police Commisionerate) of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), India, as defined under the Calcutta Police Act, 1866 and the Calcutta Suburban Police Act, 1866. The primary functions of the forces are maintaining law and order in the city, traffic management, prevention and detection of crime and co-ordinating various citizen-centric services for the people of Kolkata. , Kolkata Police has eight divisions covering 79 police stations. It has a strength of approximately 35,000 and a territorial jurisdiction of . There are eight battalions of armed forces as well as specialised branches. The force also uses various modern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamata Banerjee
Mamata Banerjee (; born 5 January 1955) is an Indian politician who is serving as the eighth and current List of chief ministers of West Bengal, chief minister of the States and union territories of India, Indian state of West Bengal since 20 May 2011, the first woman to hold the office. Having served many times as a Union Cabinet Minister, Mamata Banerjee became the Chief Minister of West Bengal for the first time in 2011. She founded the All India Trinamool Congress (AITC or TMC) in 1998 after separating from the Indian National Congress, and became its first chairperson. She is often referred to as 'Didi' (meaning ''elder sister'' in Bengali language, Bengali). Banerjee previously served twice as Minister of Railways (India), Minister of Railways, the first woman to do so. She is also the second female Ministry of Coal, Minister of Coal, and Ministry of Education, Minister of Human Resource Development, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Youth Affairs and Sports, Ministr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left Front (West Bengal)
The Left Front ( bn, বামফ্রন্ট; ) is an alliance of left-wing political parties in the Indian state of West Bengal. It was formed in January 1977, the founding parties being the Communist Party of India (Marxist), All India Forward Bloc, the Revolutionary Socialist Party, the Marxist Forward Bloc, the Revolutionary Communist Party of India and the Biplabi Bangla Congress. Other parties joined in later years, most notably the Communist Party of India. The Left Front ruled the state for seven consecutive terms 1977–2011, five with Jyoti Basu as Chief Minister and two under Buddhadev Bhattacharya.''People's Democracy''West Bengal: How The Left Front And Its Government Emerged The CPI(M) is the dominant force in the alliance. In the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election the Left Front failed to gain a majority of seats and left office. As of 2016 Biman Bose is the Chairman of the West Bengal Left Front Committee. Current member parties * Backgr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of India (Marxist)
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)/CPIM/CPM) is a Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist communist List of political parties in India, political party in India. It is the largest communist party of India in terms of membership and electoral seats and one of the List of political parties in India#National parties, national parties of India. The party emerged from a split in the Communist Party of India (CPI) on 7 November 1964. CPI(M) is a part of ruling alliances in three states — the Left Democratic Front (Kerala), Left Democratic Front in Kerala, Mahagathbandhan (Bihar), Mahagathbandhan in Bihar, and the Secular Progressive Alliance in Tamil Nadu. CPIM has representation in the legislative assemblies of 8 states. The All-India Party Congress is the supreme authority of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). However, during the time between two party congresses, the Central Committee is the highest decision-making body. The Central Committee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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