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Hatkar
Hatkar, also known as Bargi Dhangar is one of the sub-caste of the Dhangars found in Deccan region of India. Their home language is Marathi. However, Bargi is a distinct sub-caste from Hatkar Dhangar. History Etymology Shamba Joshi traced the origin of the name to the word "Hatakara", meaning cattle herder and a synonym of Dhangar.Joshi, S. B.. (1952)Etymology of place names paṭṭi-haṭṭi: Some observations on the History of Mahārāṣṭra & Karṇāṭaka Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 33(1/4), 41–56. He traced the ancestry of Hatkars (Hattikaras) to the "Patti-Jana" people who were settled to the south of Narmada river in the Middle Ages. He also traced the etymology of the word "Maratha" to " Mara-hatta", and theorized that the region was originally known as "Hatta-desa". Medieval Era The Ain-i-Akbari describes Hatkars as being "a proud, refractory and domineering race of Rajputs, living in the Basim Sircar and, with numerous armed forces, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhangar
Dhangar is a herding caste of people found in the Indian states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Goa, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. They are referred as Gavli in southern Maharashtra, Goa and northern Karnataka, Golla in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka and Ahir in northern Maharashtra ( Khandesh region). Some Gavlis live in forested hill tracts of India's Western Ghats. Gavli, also known as Dange or Mhaske, and Ahir are a sub-caste of Dhangar. However, there are many distinct Gavli castes in Maharashtra and Dhangar Gavli is one of them. History Etymology The word "''Dhangar''" is inscribed in a Buddhist cave in Pune district of Maharashtra. It is believed that this inscription has its origin between the first and the third century AD. Multiple theories have been proposed for the origin of the word Dhangar. It may be associated with a term for "cattle wealth". Bhagwan Lal Indraji maintains that it is derived from Sanskrit word Dhang which means hill. Syed Siraj-Ul-Hassan noted tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marhatta (region)
Marhatta or Maharatta/Maharatha (also known as Marhat Des which means Marhat country) was a historical region 72 miles (18 Parganas) south of the Narmada River and north of the Karnãtak (Karnataka) in which the Marathi language was spoken. The region is invoked, along with Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Orissa, Bengal and South India as the different cultural regions of India in Rabindranath Tagore's Bharot Bhagyo Bidhata, poem which was chosen as the national anthem "Jana Gana Mana" of the newly-established Indian republic in 1950. Etymology Multiple theories have been proposed but the exact etymology of the name is uncertain. Marhatta According to Shamba Joshi, the word Dhangar, Mar-Hatta comes from the word Hatta-Desa, the settlement of Hatti-Karas (Hatkars). In Old Kannada, the meaning of Hatti-Kara is milkman (Gavli) and Hatti means cattle pen or fold. Patti in Tamil Language, Tamil would mean cowstall, sheepfold, a measure of land sufficient for sheepfold, cattle pound, a hamle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bargi
Bargis were a light cavalry mercenary group of Maratha Empire's who indulged in large scale plundering of the countryside of western part of Bengal for about ten years (1741–1751) during the Maratha invasions of Bengal. Maratha invasions took place almost as an annual event for 10 years. Etymology According to historians the term ''Bargi'' comes from the Hindustani word ''bargi'', which described cavalry whose equipment and horses were provided by the government. The ''bargi'' were distinct from the ''shiledars'', who owned their equipment and horses. Bargi are also known as Jogi or Gosain in Eastern Bundelkhand region. History Alivardi Khan became Nawab of Bengal in April 1740 by defeating and killing Sarfaraz Khan. His seizure of power was challenged by Sarfaraz Khan's brother-in-law Rustam Jung, who enlisted the backing of Raghoji I Bhonsle, the Maratha ruler of Nagpur. Historians writes that in the ensuing campaign, the Marathas "discovered the Bengal's rich countrys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Groups Of Madhya Pradesh
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian ''Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl MarxMorrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'', human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reproducin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Groups Of Maharashtra
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian ''Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War (91–87 BC), Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl MarxMorrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'', human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holi
Holi (), also known as the Festival of Colours, the Festival of Spring, and the Festival of Love,The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) p. 874 "Holi /'həʊli:/ noun a Hindu spring festival ...". is an ancient Hindu religious festival and one of the most popular festivals in Hinduism. It celebrates the eternal and divine love of Radha Krishna. The day also signifies the triumph of good over evil, as it commemorates the victory of Lord Vishnu as Narasimha Narayana over Hiranyakashipu. It originated and is predominantly celebrated in the Indian subcontinent but has also spread to other regions of Asia and parts of the Western world through the Indian diaspora.Ebeling, Karin (10), Holi, an Indian Festival, and its Reflection in English Media; Die Ordnung des Standard und die Differenzierung der Diskurse: Akten des 41. Linguistischen Kolloquiums in Mannheim 2006, 1, 107, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biroba
Biroba is a form of Hindu god Shiva. Biroba is the kuldaivat of Dhangars of Maharashtra State. There are many temples of Biroba in villages of Maharashtra. Also Karnataka in ijapura dist: aluk:ChadachanShiradon And also in Hunnur (taluk: Mangalwedha), Arewadi (Dist: Sangli), Katphal (taluk: :Sangola, Anusewadi in Atpadi, Pattankodoli, Pangari(Satara) there are temple of Biroba. Biroba is brother of Mayakka devi. The god Mahalingraya or Mahalingeshwar is the student of Biroba (called Birling in Karnataka) and their temples are situated on the Maharashtra and Karnataka border in Huljanti. Festival (i.e. jatra in Marathi) of both gods is celebrated for five days from the first day of Hindu festival Diwali. Temple of Biroba: * Virbhadra Mandir, Sakur Mandhave, Sangamner, Ahemadnagar, Maharashtra * Biroba mandir, Arewadi, Kavthe mahankal, Sangli * Vitthal-Birdev mandir, Pattankodoli, hatkangle, Kolhapur * Biroba mandir, Hunnur. * Mahalingraya-Biroba mandir, Huljanti, Mangalvedha, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khandoba
Khandoba (IAST: Khaṇḍobā), Martanda Bhairava, Malhari, or Malhar is a Hindu deity worshiped as a manifestation of Shiva mainly in the Deccan plateau of India, especially in the state of Maharashtra. He is the most popular Kuladevata (family deity) in Maharashtra.Singh p.ix He is also the patron deity of select warrior, farming castes, Dhangar community and Brahmin (priestly) castes as well as several of the hunter/gatherer tribes (Bedar, Naik) that are native to the hills and forests of this region. The sect of Khandoba has linkages with Hindu and Jain traditions, and also assimilates all communities irrespective of caste, including Muslims. The character of Khandoba developed during the 9th and 10th centuries from a folk deity into a composite god possessing the attributes of Shiva, Bhairava, Surya and Kartikeya (Skanda). He is depicted either in the form of a linga, or as an image of a warrior riding on a bull or a horse. The foremost centre of Khandoba worship is the temp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raiyat
Ryot (alternatives: raiyat, rait or ravat) was a general economic term used throughout India for peasant cultivators but with variations in different provinces. While zamindars were landlords, raiyats were tenants and cultivators, and served as hired labour. A raiyat was defined as someone who has acquired a right to hold land for the purpose of cultivating it, whether alone or by members of his family, hired servants, or partners. It also referred to succession rights. Etymology ''Ryot'' originates from the Hindi-Urdu word ''ra`īyat'' and the Arabic word ''ra`īyah'', translated as "flock" or "peasants", in turn originating from the word ''ra`ā'', meaning "pasture". Classifications Under the Mughal system of land control there were two types of raiyats: khudkasta and paikasta. The khudkasta raiyats were permanent resident cultivators of the village. Their rights in land were heritable according to Muslim and Hindu laws of succession. The other type of raiyats was called pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shepherd
A shepherd or sheepherder is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. ''Shepherd'' derives from Old English ''sceaphierde (''sceap'' 'sheep' + ''hierde'' 'herder'). ''Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations, it exists in all parts of the globe, and it is an important part of Pastoralism, pastoralist animal husbandry. Because of the ubiquity of the profession, many religions and cultures have symbolic or metaphorical references to the shepherd profession. For example, Jesus called himself the Good Shepherd, and ancient Greek mythologies highlighted shepherds such as Endymion (mythology), Endymion and Daphnis. This symbolism and shepherds as characters are at the center of pastoral literature and art. Origins Shepherding is among the oldest occupations, beginning some 5,000 years ago in Asia Minor. Sheep were kept for their milk, sheep meat, meat and especially their wool. Over the next thousand years, sheep and shepherding spread throughout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deshmukh
Deshmukh (IAST:Dēśamukh), is a historical title conferred to the rulers of a . It is used as a surname in certain regions of India, specifically in the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh whose family received it as a title. Etymology In Sanskrit, ''Deśa'' means land, country and ''mukha'' means head or chief; thus, ''deshmukh'' means "the head" of a district. Deshmukh as a title Local office Deshmukh was a historical title given to a person who was granted a territory of land, in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. The granted territory was usually referred to as the Dēśamukhi. The Deshmukh was in effect the ruler of the territory, as he was entitled to a portion of the collected taxes. It was also his duty to maintain the basic services in the territory, such as police and judicial duties. It was typically a hereditary system. The title of Deshmukh provided the titled family with revenues from the area and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patil (title)
Patil (meaning "village headman") is an Indian last name and a title or surname. The female variant of the title is ''Patlin'' or ''Patlinbai'', and is also used to describe the wife of a Patil. In ancient times, a Patil was the head of a village working under a Deshmukh who was head of the district. Under Deccan sultanates, and the Maratha empire, the Patil was the village headman and the most important Vatandar of the village. His main duties were to be the collector of revenue, as well as being the head of police and justice. In Konkan, a Patil was called "Khot". Historian Ness writes that "what the Patil and Kulkarni were to a village, the Deshmukh or Deshpande were to the district, or Pargana". Patil settled villages and collected revenues from the villagers, thus a Patil family typically owned 80-90 percent of village land. Colonising multiple villages promoted a Patil to a Deshmukh. The Patil was entitled to several free services from village peasants and artisans. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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