Hapona Paihia
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Hapona Paihia
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type) – New Zealand *'' Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first describ ...
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Raymond Robert Forster
Raymond Robert Forster (19 June 1922 – 1 July 2000) was a New Zealand arachnologist and museum director. He was a Fellow of the Entomological Society of New Zealand. Biography Forster was born in Hastings, New Zealand in 1922, and was educated at Victoria University College, gaining BSc, MSc(Hons) and DSc degrees. Forster was an entomologist at the National Museum in Wellington from 1940 to 1947, with an interruption for military service during World War II. Between 1942 and 1945 he served first in the army and then as a naval radar mechanic.Ray Forster obituary
. International Society of Arachnology. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
He was appointed zoologist and assistant director at Canterbury Mus ...
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Hapona Marplesi
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) ( type) – New Zealand *''Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona tararua ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spider ...
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Spiders Of New Zealand
New Zealand has 1157 described spider species, with an estimated total fauna of 2000 species. Over 97 per cent are endemic, and the rest have been introduced through human activities or were natural wind-borne introductions. The New Zealand spider with the largest leg span is the Nelson cave spider (''Spelungula cavernicola''), with a leg span of up to and a body length. The Australian white-tailed spider, first recorded in New Zealand in 1886, has been falsely attributed as the cause of many necrotising spider bites. The flat huntsman spider (''Delena cancerides''), also from Australia, and called the Avondale spider in New Zealand, was accidentally introduced in the early 1920s, possibly in shipments of hardwood logs used for railway sleepers.Rowell and Avilés (1995). "Sociality in a bark-dwelling huntsman spider from Australia, Delena cancerides Walckenaer (Araneae: Sparassidae)". ''Insectes Sociaux''. Volume 42(3): 287-302 The huntsman spiders, which are considered harmle ...
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Araneomorphae Genera
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha) are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), where they point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority of living spiders. Distinguishing characteristics Most spider species are Araneomorphae, which have fangs that face towards each other, increasing the orientations they can employ during prey capture. They have fewer book lungs (when present), and the females typically live one year. The Mygalomorphae have fangs that face towards the ground, and which are parallel to the long axis of the spider's body, thus they have only one orientation they can employ during prey capture. They have four pairs of book lungs, and the females often live many years. Image:Atrax robustus.jpg, This ''Atrax robustus'' shows the orientation of Myglamorphae fangs. Image:Che ...
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Hapona Tararua
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) ( type) – New Zealand *''Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona tararua ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spider ...
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Hapona Salmoni
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file ...
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Hapona Reinga
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type) – New Zealand *'' Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first descri ...
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Hapona Paihia
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type) – New Zealand *'' Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first describ ...
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Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types.
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Hapona Muscicola
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a fil ...
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Hapona Momona
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type) – New Zealand *''Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described ...
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Hapona Moana
''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1970. Originally placed with the intertidal spiders, it was moved to the Toxopidae in 2017. Species it contains thirteen species, all found in New Zealand: *''Hapona amira'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona aucklandensis'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona crypta'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona insula'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona marplesi'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *'' Hapona moana'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hapona momona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona muscicola'' (Forster, 1964) – New Zealand *''Hapona otagoa'' (Forster, 1964) (type) – New Zealand *''Hapona paihia'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona reinga'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Hapona salmoni ''Hapona'' is a genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Toxopidae, and was first describe ...
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